Paper: Qingwen is a girl with great personality in A Dream of Red Mansions. One of the most important characteristics of Qingwen's personality is frankness, which makes her show her true personality characteristics as a flesh-and-blood "person" in the details of her life. Her pure and sincere friendship with Baoyu makes Qingwen's character look so full and intriguing. Qingwen is also a tragedy. In addition to objective reasons such as historical background and social environment, subjective reasons such as whether personal character and will conform to objective reality are also important factors that cause tragedy. The insurmountable gap between Qingwen's "mind" and "body" constitutes the opposition and conflict between her character and fate, and this unbalanced state of "body" and "heart" finally cost her life, which is worth pondering.

On the tragic image of Qingwen in A Dream of Red Mansions

And its reasons.

Abstract: Qingwen is a girl with great personality in A Dream of Red Mansions. One of the most important characteristics of Qingwen's personality is frankness, which makes her show her true personality characteristics as a flesh-and-blood "person" in the details of her life. Her pure and sincere friendship with Baoyu makes Qingwen's character look so full and intriguing. Qingwen is also a tragedy. In addition to objective reasons such as historical background and social environment, subjective reasons such as whether personal character and will conform to objective reality are also important factors that cause tragedy. The insurmountable gap between Qingwen's "mind" and "body" constitutes the opposition and conflict between her character and fate, and this unbalanced state of "body" and "heart" finally cost her life, which is worth pondering.

Keywords: "Dream of Red Mansions" Qingwen tragic image reasons

When A Dream of Red Mansions was exhibited, the soul-stirring love between my beloved and Bao Dai often appeared in front of my eyes, and the sad and sad songs of the collapse of Rong Ning House II rang in my ears. At this time, I can't help but marvel at Mr. Qin Xue's exquisite and meticulous pen, and he is also a good hand at cracking stones. Of course, I admire the great change, grandeur and flowing murmur of that pen for a long time when I was meditating on my books. A dream of red mansions, whether the affectionate son in the red bedstead or the miserable daughter in Huangtuling, is crying silently for the helpless world, but one can make a bigger ripple in people's already restless emotions-Qingwen. She is beautiful, intelligent and capable. What is particularly different from the average girl is that she rarely prostrates herself. She doesn't want to be insulted and hurt. She wants to show her self-esteem and self-esteem as a person everywhere. When Jia Baoyu leafed through "Dream Woman's Book", the first book he opened was Qingwen's. The verdict said that her heart was higher than the sky and she was a humble person. This "heart" refers to her pursuit of her own value, independent personality and her noble character; And this "body" refers to her humble position as a handmaiden in the hierarchical Jia family. This irreparable gap between "mind" and "body" constitutes a tragic conflict between her character and fate.

Qingwen in A Dream of Red Mansions is not only beautiful in appearance, but also extremely intelligent, with noble self-esteem, simple concept of equality and indomitable resistance, as well as a childlike heart and sincere love for Baoyu. This pure love makes Qingwen's image more beautiful and moving.

In the hierarchical feudal society, slaves and minions were at the bottom of society, but they had obvious differences in personality. As Lu Xun said: "He knows that he is a slave, fighting, struggling, and struggling with his own' intentions', so that he is struggling. Even if he fails temporarily, he is still bound, but he is just a slave. If you find beauty, appreciation, emotion and intoxication in the slave's life, you are simply a slave who is beyond redemption. He let himself and others live in this life forever. " [1] Qingwen is a maid in Baoyu's room, but she is not servile when she gets along with Baoyu. Her heart is higher than the sky. Qingwen cherishes the friendship of treating Baoyu as an equal. "。 Therefore, she unconsciously can't stand Baoyu's master's face, and often uses her bitter tongue to be sarcastic. The fragrance clearly sees this. She once said to Baoyu deliberately and defiantly, "You are a man, and you can't go on unless he says something hard. "Actually attacks where know, Baoyu is just took a fancy to Qingwen unswerving frankness. From "falling fan" to "tearing fan", readers really feel the spiritual and emotional closeness between Baoyu and Qingwen. Baoyu came back from dinner and was laughed at by Baochai because Jin Chuaner was demoted. It happened that Qingwen accidentally broke a fan when she came up to change Baoyu's clothes. Baoyu took this opportunity to vent his anger, accusing Qingwen of being a "fool" and reprimanding her. As far as Baoyu's mood is concerned, it should be understandable. Qingwen, who is used to getting along with Baoyu on an equal footing, sounds disgusted. So she sneered: "Sir Zhong is very angry recently, so I'll show him my movements ... why bother! If you think we are, you sent us away. Then choose a good ambassador. Is it not good to separate? " This exciting language expresses Qingwen's anger. The reason why he has close friendship with Baoyu is not because he is "Mr. Zhong". On the contrary, Baoyu did not put on the airs of "Mr. Zhong", which made her feel spiritual equality. Now Baoyu is uncharacteristically, which makes Qingwen particularly angry. It happened that Aroma came to stop the fight again and defended Baoyu, saying, "It's our fault. Qingwen usually doesn't like flattering and obedient slaves. At this time, she even exposed their privacy with a gun and a stick: "I don't know, who are you?" "Don't make me feel ashamed of you! You can't hide what you did in secret from me. " Unexpectedly, these words angered Baoyu again, so he even said that Qingwen, as the master, was very worried and wanted to send her out to Mrs. Wang. Qingwen was even sadder when she heard this. "Qingwen is sad because Baoyu has hurt her self-esteem and damaged their equal friendship. And this kind of true feelings can only be realized by Baoyu, so there is the most touching plot "tearing the fan" in the following Dream of Red Mansions. At this time, Baoyu was full of apologies and more modest and tolerant than usual. He said to Qingwen, "That fan is a fan. You can tear it up and play with it. The implication here is actually "as long as you are happy." I didn't expect Qingwen to tear up Baoyu's fan happily and neatly, and then tore up the fan that Baoyu snatched from Musk Moon and handed it to her. With the sound of "before", "before" and "before", both of them burst out laughing. In this laughter, Baoyu's cocky master status disappeared, and Qingwen also found her dignity for herself. In Baoyu's applause, Qingwen's free personality and her own value were recognized and respected. Baoyu realized Qingwen's extraordinary mind and courage from her willful indulgence and audacity. As a result, they reconciled in laughter and became like-minded confidants. In fact, after this storm, Qingwen and Baoyu are closer in spirit and emotion, and their friendship has been further developed. Isn't it? After Baoyu was beaten, in order to give Daiyu a silk handkerchief to show his heart, Baoyu tried his best to get rid of the attacker and handed this "confidential" task to Qingwen. Indeed, in the Grand View Garden, except for Lin's sister in Xiaoxiang Pavilion, Baoyu can only trust Qingwen, who is straightforward, lively and willful.

Qingwen also repaid Baoyu's friendship with her pure and sincere feelings. In "Peacock Hair Mending at Night", the Lady Dowager gave Baoyu a peacock hair shawl, which was made of peacock hair twisted from Russia. This robe is a rare treasure, because it has golden brilliance and bright blue. Unexpectedly, as soon as Baoyu put it on, his finger was burned by the charcoal fire of the hand stove. It happened that the next day was the right day, and the old lady told her to wear it to see her. Baoyu was so anxious that his wife took it out to make it up. No skilled craftsman dares to accept the job. At this time, Qingwen happened to be ill. "I just feel my head is heavy and my eyes are full of Venus. I really can't hold on. " If I don't do it, I'm afraid Baoyu will be in a hurry, so I have to bite my teeth and cling to it. Sick, she "couldn't sew three or five stitches, so she lay on the pillow for a while." Even so, she was worried about Baoyu. Seeing Baoyu's ingratitude, he walked around her and said urgently, "Go to sleep, little ancestor, and stay up until midnight. What are the benefits of scratching your eyes tomorrow? " But she persisted until dawn, and when she finished, she fell "exhausted". What kind of person can be so desperate to maintain friends and friendship? ! No wonder even the author Cao Xueqin called her "Yongqingwen". A word "brave" makes Qingwen have the demeanor of "a scholar dies for a confidant", and this kind of affection is pure and innocent. It is an open secret that all the maids in Baoyu's room, such as Aroma, Sheyue and Bi Hen, had an affair with Baoyu. Only Qingwen is as clear as a cucumber. She is just Baoyu's spiritual confidant, not a toying concubine. In places like Jiafu, slaves were deprived of their autonomy from life to body, from quality to personality by their masters. Even the rebels of feudal families like Baoyu sometimes inevitably contracted the bad habits of some aristocratic children. But Qingwen tightly protects her dignity and personality to avoid being defiled by such filth. Right? Baoyu asked her to take a bath together, and Qingwen immediately changed the subject and said, "It's cool today, so I won't take a bath." Later, "tell him to sit up and order tea at night", Qingwen can still lead an honest and clean life and cherish herself. Because of this, Qingwen won Baoyu's respect and admiration, calling her "clean without ice or snow". Indeed, compared with other maids, the relationship between Qingwen and Baoyu is pure friendship, just like the relationship between Daiyu and Baoyu, which is full of poetic and spiritual beauty. Only in Yikang Hospital can Qingwen's "heart is higher than the sky" be maintained more or less.

Qingwen's "heart is higher than the sky, life is thinner than paper" also stems from her "romantic dexterity" Originally, a beautiful and capable girl should have more fun in life and a bright future. Helpless, Qingwen was born at the wrong time. In the feudal autocratic society and Jia's family environment, a girl's "romantic dexterity" just became the root of her tragic fate.

Among the many maids in the Grand View Garden, Qingwen's beauty is the most outstanding, and no other maid can make Cao Xueqin have such a high evaluation of her appearance. Just a few simple but profound sides are enough to make us marvel at her beauty. Mrs. Wang is the executioner who caused Qingwen's tragic fate. Even from her mouth, we can hear the evaluation of Qingwen's "beautiful". Specifically, it is "water snake waist, shoulder cutting, eyebrows a bit like your sister Lin's." "Water snake waist", waist also; People who "cut shoulders" have beautiful shoulders. Cutting shoulders and bending over are the most beautiful figures of ancient women, and her eyebrows are Daiyu-style, so the beauty of Qingwen's appearance and figure is self-evident. In the Grand View Garden, Qingwen's beauty is universally acknowledged. Xifeng, who is also a stunning girl, once said, "If these girls compare with each other, they are not as good as Qingwen." Although xiren, who is also a girl, is jealous of her, she has to admit that Qingwen is "born too well" and calls her "beautiful". Baoyu, who has deep feelings for Qingwen, regards her as a "first-class person" and praises her as "too well-connected". He even praises her as "indescribable beauty" in Daughter of Furong. In addition, Qingwen has extraordinary talent and clever mind, which is unparalleled among girls in the world of the Red Chamber. A typical example is "mending peacock hair at night". There are so many "capable darning craftsmen", "tailors and embroiderers" and "women workers" in Beijing that they dare not undertake the task of darning fur. There are so many maids in the Grand View Garden that no one can take them. Only Qingwen, who supports the sick body, can make up for a beautiful, talented and energetic girl like Qingwen. She has a high heart and strong self-esteem, and she should. Wang Shanbao's family complained, "... that girl gave birth to a Qiaozui Zhang because she is more beautiful than others. She dresses up like a beautiful woman every day, always tells her usual appearance in front of people, and squeezes her point, so she sets up two enchanting eyes to call names without speculation ... "As a feudal ruling class, Mrs. Wang was furious when she saw Qingwen's outstanding appearance and sister Lin's" eyebrow eye ". So the "fox" hat was born, and the fate of "being driven out" was inevitable. Under Mrs. Wang's sober mind, Qingwen, who hasn't moved her teeth for four or five days, "now she is pulled down from the kang, unkempt and unkempt, and two women get up." Qingwen's pot of "orchids with tender arrows" was destroyed by the evil black hand of feudal rulers.

Qingwen was unwilling to die: "Although I was born better than others, I didn't seduce you. How can I insist that I am a' fox'? Baoyu once cried and said to xiren, "I really don't know what terrible crime Qingwen has committed!" Aroma said, "Madam just thinks that he was born too well, which is a bit frivolous. "。 My wife knows very well that such a beautiful person will not be quiet, so she hates him. Rudeness and stupidity are good for us. The "humble" and "clumsy" attacks suddenly hit the psychology of ladies and gentlemen. In their class prejudice, girls with humble status must be frivolous if they are born too well, which is a sin in itself; What's more, beautiful and capable, that's adding to the crime. Mrs. Wang once told the old lady about Qingwen: "People who are capable are a little crooked. "Isn't this' restless' and' crooked ways' taboo for the feudal ruling class? Autocracy has always been the maker of "obedient character". For those who are enslaved by them, they can only obey, obey and obey the rules. If there is a rebellion, they will be regarded as a big rebellion and refuse to be killed. For thousands of years, the hierarchical social system has numbed many souls eager for development. At this point, we finally understand that Qingwen, who is "romantic and clever", will be so "resentful" that she will be executed soon.

Lu Xun said: "Tragedy is to destroy the valuable things in life for people to see". In Lu Xun's definition of "tragedy", we can see that what he highlights is the concept of "value". Indeed, under the long-term feudal rule, "China people have never won the price of' human'", the value of human life and human dignity have always been despised and denied, and people's normal pursuit and desire have been artificially suppressed. Qingwen's self-pursuit of "the heart is higher than the sky" is hard to surpass the social status of "the lowly man". Qingwen is in the grand view garden with strict hierarchy, and often sends out "the voice of injustice" from the heart. This is an important reason for Qingwen's tragic fate.

On the thirty-seventh trip, I accidentally got a reward from the old lady and Mrs. Wang. When talking about this, Qingwen sneered: "Bah! Never seen the world's little hooves! That is to give the good ones to others and pick the rest for you. You are still full of faces. " And further declared: "If I were you, I wouldn't ... give him the good ones and give me the rest. I'd rather not. I won't be angry about it. " In fact, it is impossible for Qingwen to "collide with his wife" as a handmaiden, but her angry words show her strong sense of self-esteem. However, this kind of consciousness is too strong, which will only make her feel more contradictions and pain. We can see that her personality and mentality were more fully manifested in the "surprise attack on the Grand View Garden". All the maids held their breath in the face of the fierce raid. "Qingwen grabbed her hair and came in. She opened the box with a bang, threw herself on the ground with her hands and lost everything." This bold resistance, though ostensibly aimed at Wang Shanbao's family, actually she poured out not only her anger at this evil slave, but also her anger at Mrs. Wang. So when Wang Shanbao subdued Mrs. Wang with her "respect for God", she was even more angry, pointing to Wang Shanbao's face and saying, "Do you think you were sent by your wife, or am I sent by your wife?" I've seen all the people over there, but I've never seen your amazing grandmother! "It can be said that Anti-Plagiarism is the most touching chapter to express Qingwen's tragic character.

Zhu Guangqian said: "Tragedy is not only great pain, but also the way to treat it. Without resistance to disaster, there would be no tragedy. What makes us happy is not disaster, but resistance. " [2] Although the results of copying the Grand View Garden proved that Qingwen was innocent-she didn't have an affair with her children like Siqi, but the edge of copying was aimed at Qingwen from the beginning. This is an evil talon extended by the feudal master headed by Mrs. Wang to a sick handmaiden. It is in this extremely unequal contest that the author shows us an earth-shattering struggle between the humble and the weak! Qingwen doesn't know the consequences of her doing this? ! However, in order to maintain the innocence and dignity of being a person, she paid her own life! As Hegel pointed out when analyzing the image of Juliet, only in the "most difficult test", "she is like a rose that suddenly blooms, and every wrinkle is exposed, and like a clear spring lurking in the depths of the soul suddenly generate", which shows us "all the powerful forces of this soul" [3].

In short, Qingwen's tragedy lies in: she is obviously a handmaiden, but she has a romantic and chic appearance and shows a free personality; Obviously, she is a handmaiden, but she has a sharp-edged self-awareness and a spirit and pursuit that she does not want to trample on, which doomed her to be destroyed by the hierarchical culture of the feudal system. Just as people can't make history at will, a person limited by history can't choose his own life path at will. Qingwen's actual position and special personality are doomed to pay the price of her life. "My heart is higher than the sky, I am humble, I am romantic and I am smart, which can really arouse our deep sympathy and deep reflection on social history." .

References:

1 Lu Xun. Complete Works of Lu Xun: Volume 4. Beijing: People's Literature Publishing House, 198 1.

2 Zhu Guangqian. Tragic psychology. Beijing: People's Literature Publishing House, 1987.

3 Hegel. Aesthetics (translated by Zhu Guangqian): Volume II Beijing: Commercial Press, 198 1.

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