Game theory is a theory that two or more people use each other's strategies to change their own confrontation strategies in an equal game to achieve the goal of winning. Game theory is a theory to study interactive decision-making. The game can analyze the advantages and disadvantages of yourself and your opponent, so as to establish your own advantages in the game. Therefore, there are many game theories that can help players analyze the situation, so as to adopt corresponding strategies and finally achieve the goal of winning. The types of games are divided into cooperative games, non-cooperative games, complete information games, incomplete information games, static games, dynamic games and so on. With the development of modern game theory, mathematicians abstract specific problems and study their laws and changes by establishing a self-complete logical framework and system. Modern game theory was founded by Hungarian mathematician von Neumann in the 1920s. His magnum opus Game Theory and Economic Behavior published in 1944 in cooperation with economist Oscar Morgenstein marked the initial formation of modern system game theory. Nash's two important papers on non-cooperative game theory in 1950 and 195 1 completely changed people's views on competition and market. He proved the non-cooperative game and its equilibrium solution, and proved the existence of equilibrium solution, namely the famous Nash equilibrium. Thus, the internal relationship between game equilibrium and economic equilibrium is revealed. Nash's research laid the cornerstone of modern non-cooperative game theory, and later game theory research basically followed this main line. As early as the beginning of the 20th century, zermelo, Borer and von Neumann began to study the exact mathematical expressions of games. Until 1939, von Neumann got to know the economist oskar morgenstern and cooperated with him, which made game theory enter the broad field of economics. From 65438 to 0944, his masterpiece Game Theory and Economic Behavior, co-authored with Oscar Morgenstein, was published, which marked the initial formation of modern system game theory. The concepts and analytical methods of standard, extended and cooperative game model solutions put forward by von Neumann and Morgan Stern in Game Theory and Economic Behavior laid the theoretical foundation of this discipline. Nash is one of the greatest masters of game theory after von Neumann. His famous Nash equilibrium concept plays a central role in the theory of non-cooperative game. Game classification Games are divided into static games and dynamic games. Static game means that in the game, two players choose at the same time or two people don't choose at the same time, but the latter player doesn't know what specific action the former player takes. For both sides, it is easy to form chaotic behavior reorganization. Because of strict and meticulous rules, anyone will lose after many times of equilibrium because of time problems, financial problems, psychological problems, etc. Most of them participate in static games and dynamic games. Dynamic game means that in the game, two participants have the order of action, and the latter actor can observe the action chosen by the former actor. According to whether participants can form a binding collective action agreement, games can be divided into cooperative games and non-cooperative games. Nash and other game theory experts study more non-cooperative games. The so-called cooperative game means that participants reach an agreement or alliance with other participants from their own interests, and the result is beneficial to both sides; Non-cooperative game means that participants can't reach a binding agreement when choosing actions. The economic activities of people's division of labor and exchange are cooperative games, while the prisoner's dilemma and the tragedy of public resources are non-cooperative games. Games are divided into static games and dynamic games. Static game means that the participants take actions at the same time, or even if the actions of the participants are orderly, the people who act later don't know what actions the people who act first have taken. Dynamic game means that the actions of participants are orderly, and the latter actor can know the actions of the first actor. Judging from the degree of knowledge possession, games can be divided into complete information games and incomplete information games. Information is an important content of game theory. Complete information game means that participants have a "complete understanding" of the strategic space and payment of all participants under the strategy combination, otherwise it is an incomplete information game. Strictly speaking, the game of complete information refers to the strategic space of both sides of the game and the payment under the combination of strategies, and it is a game of "public knowledge" of all participants in the game. For incomplete information games, what participants do is to maximize their expected payment or expected utility. The language of game philosophy can also reflect the following four game classifications: complete information static game, complete information dynamic game, incomplete information static game and incomplete information dynamic game, in which strategic game should belong to complete information static game, while complete information dynamic game includes expansion game and repeated game. Static game with incomplete information is a reinterpretation of mixed strategy based on Bayesian equilibrium theory, while dynamic game with incomplete information is a signal game with perfect Bayesian equilibrium as its core concept.