Zhu kezhen
People who have personally been to the desert in ancient times, such as Fa Xian, a monk in the Jin Dynasty, and Xuanzang, a Tang priest, have all sat there.
The desert is so terrible that people are deeply impressed by it. blond hair
Significantly
Will die. The desert is so desolate that you can't see a bird in the air, you can only watch it from the ground.
Worse than a beast. Looking from a distance, it's all sand, so people can't recognize the way out, just follow.
Walk forward with the bones of a dead horse. Xuanzang's Records of the Western Regions of Datang (Volume 12)
It is said that pedestrians in the east are quicksand, and sand is always blown away by the wind. In the past, people walked and walked.
Footprints were soon covered with sand,
Is the desert really as terrible as Faxian and Xuanzang said? Since liberation, I have
Our staff from the Ministry of Geology, the Ministry of Petroleum and the Chinese Academy of Sciences have crossed it several times.
Nothing strange can stop you from crossing the Taklimakan Gobi in Xinjiang.
What is the reason for their progress?
Imagine that when Fa Xian set out, only seven monks left in droves.
For a long time, some people were too bitter to desert, others died on the road and finally left.
He is alone. Tang Xuanzang was also involved in the Gobi Desert of the National People's Congress, the so-called Sun Walker and Pig.
Bajie, Friar Sand and other followers are mythical figures in the novel The Journey to the West.
Things. At that time, neither a large group of camels caught up with them with a lot of clean water and food, let alone.
Cars and planes to support, of course, is very difficult.
Is there really a devil in the desert? At that time, people's knowledge level seemed to be true.
There seems to be a devil at work. But after people master the laws of nature, they can put
This strange phenomenon is obvious. Strange phenomena in Gobi desert in summer
Japan and China are common things. When people are eager to travel, they suddenly see
A big lake with blue water in it. It doesn't seem very far, but when?
When people rush to the lake in high spirits, there is always something in this Wei Lan Lake.
What a long distance, the so-called "in sight". Arabs are very interested in deserts.
Experienced people call this phenomenon "the devil's sea" in Arabic.
This devil's magic weapon was discovered by French mathematicians and water in the early19th century.
Engineer Meng Qi debunked it. Monk followed Napoleon's army to Egypt and England.
China fought for the colony, when French soldiers saw this "devil's sea" in the desert.
I was very surprised to ask monk. After careful consideration, Ji Meng pointed out that this is because.
Because the ground in the desert is very hot by the sun, the air temperature near the ground is higher than that near the ground.
The temperature one or two meters above is much higher. Therefore, due to the refraction and reflection of light,
Ring, people have an illusion that the trees in the air look like they are planted upside down on the ground.
The blue sky, reflected on the ground, is regarded as a vast lake in Wang Yang. if
It is the temperature near the ground, which is low below the ground and high above the ground, with a difference of seven or eight in short distance.
Degrees, like flat coastal areas are sometimes encountered, it can put the horizon.
Unusually invisible islands and people are reflected in the sky and become towers in the sky.
Pavilion again? This is called a mirage. China has always used "weird" to describe this phenomenon
Four words does make sense.
In the desert, not only light but also sound can cause harm. Tang Xuanzang believes that
This is the charm of the devil. Until now, people living in the desert still have it.
Believe it. The masses call the sand that makes noise "singing sand". Ningxian
There is a place called Mingsha Mountain near the Yellow River in Zhongwei County, Xia Autonomous Region, which is today's sand.
Potou, Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Railways all have sand control stations here. stand
Behind it is the Tengger Desert. The desert has reached the bank of the Yellow River here, and the sand is probably high.
100 m, the sand slope is located in the south and north, and the middle is concave. There are many springs spewing out. This sand
It has always been the object of worship. It is said that Duanyang Festival is held every summer by both men and women.
They gathered on the mountain and then rolled down the hillside. At this time, the sand came out.
A loud noise, like thunder. I left with five or six comrades two years ago.
Rolling down slowly on the top of this Mingsha Mountain, sure enough, I heard a rumbling sound, as if in the distance.
The car seems to be walking. According to the Soviet expert Petrov, as long as the desert surface
The sand in this area is fine and dry, and contains most of the time scorched by the sun.
After that, sand grains will be emitted when they are rubbed by the wind or people's walking and moving.
Sound, this is the sound of sand. The ancients said, "If you are not surprised, you will be surprised." desert
In the room?
1. Learn about the strange phenomena in the desert introduced in this article.
2. Explore the causes of these strange phenomena and learn to make a correct explanation from a scientific point of view.
Process and
Methods Read the article and clear your mind. Compare reading methods, activate thinking and broaden your horizons.
Emotional attitude
Values stimulate interest in exploring the mysteries of all things in the world and cultivate the spirit of exploration and innovation.
Focus on the causes of these strange phenomena and learn to make a correct explanation from a scientific point of view.
Difficulties stimulate interest in exploring the mysteries of the world and cultivate the spirit of exploration and innovation.
break through
tactics
Before class
Prepare multimedia courseware
Collective exchange of views on the details of teaching design
first kind
First, the situation creation:
Using multimedia to express desert wind and sand landforms. Do you want to know these strange desert wonders? Do you want to explore their reasons? Then let's follow the author to experience it.
Students watch and stimulate their interest in exploring scientific mysteries.
Second, the overall perception:
What strange phenomena are described in the text in the desert? How do you feel?
Teacher B makes a tour, participates in the discussion and makes a brief comment on the students' answers.
Read the beginning of the text and underline the relevant sentences for communication and discussion.
D. How does the author explain these bizarre phenomena clearly (using the knowledge in the text and life to explain)
Read the text carefully and find out the relevant sentences for exchange and discussion.
F teachers and students explore together, guide students to make clear the phenomena in the text, and the teachers give explanations and brief comments in time.
Three. Inspiration: (The teacher makes an encouraging evaluation according to the actual situation of the students)
A. The author lists a series of strange phenomena and then explains them. What do you think the author wants to tell us?
Can you take advantage of what is happening around you? For example, science can definitely overcome superstition.
C. If you are a tour guide, your tour group is walking on the beach in Qingdao in summer, and a rare mirage appears in the distance. Can you introduce this magical and spectacular illusion to everyone with the knowledge and beautiful and vivid language you have learned in this class?
Fourth, reading experience (on students' self-summary under the guidance of harvest)
(1) If you are a traveler, what information will you pay attention to when reading this article?
(2) If you are a romantic writer, what information will you pay attention to when reading this article?
(3) If you are a researcher, what information will you pay attention to when reading this article?
(4) If you want to learn to write expository articles, what information will you pay attention to when reading this article?
5. Read and appreciate the last paragraph.
Students read the text and complete the following questions through group cooperative learning.
(1) What is the center of this text?
(2) What conclusion does the author draw from this explanation? What is the role of this conclusion in the full text?
Three years ago, five or six comrades and I went to the top of Mingsha Mountain and rolled down slowly. Sure enough, we heard a rumbling sound, as if there were cars walking in the distance. What is the explanation of this sentence?
④ What explanation method is used to explain the cause of "singing sand"?
(5) Can the sentence "According to the opinions of some experts" be omitted?
⑥ "In the desert, not only light but also sound can cause trouble." What role does this sentence play in the structure of the article?
(1) The phenomenon of "sand singing" in the desert and its causes. All the strange phenomena in the desert can actually be explained by scientific reasons. Point out the main idea of the full text and collect the full text. 3 For example. 4 interpretation. ⑤ No, because deletion will lack the rigor of language and the accuracy of interpretation. ⑥ Connecting the preceding with the following. )
Abstract of intransitive verbs
In the 40 years since the publication of this article, mankind has gained a lot of new knowledge about deserts. What strange phenomena do you know in the desert from newspapers, magazines or the Internet? Can you try to explain these strange phenomena scientifically and discuss with your classmates?
Second lesson
First, review the old lessons.
Students exchange strange phenomena in the desert that they have learned from newspapers, magazines or the Internet, and explain them with scientific reasons.
Second, continue to learn the second part of the text.
Read aloud the fifth paragraph of the text and think: How does the author explain the reason of "singing sand" in the desert from a scientific point of view?
Students discuss and exchange, and choose relevant information from the text.
Clear: The beginning of this paragraph shows that the phenomenon of "singing sand" has been regarded as a supernatural phenomenon since ancient times. The article does not give a scientific explanation for this phenomenon, but describes the topography and location of Mingsha Mountain in Zhongwei County, Ningxia, and points out that "this sand has always been the object of worship". With the content of "talking" and my own ears, the "rumbling sound" and "rumbling sound" of distant cars are highlighted, and on this basis, a scientific explanation is made according to the opinions of some experts, pointing out that this is because fine sand "contains a lot of timeliness" and "after being scorched by the sun, the sand moves and rubs when the wind blows or people leave". The article describes the situation and the inner concern to solve doubts and doubts, which enhances the persuasiveness. Finally, to quote an ancient saying that "strangeness is normal and failure is strange", all strange phenomena can be explained by scientific reasons, so that readers can not only understand strange phenomena in the desert, but also form a general understanding that the world is material and there are no supernatural ghosts and gods, and scientific reasons will eventually reveal all mysteries.
Third, taste the language
This is a scientific essay with a certain literary color. From the point of expression, there are explanations, narratives and discussions, involving the principles of optics and acoustics, as well as the experiences and stories of Fa Xian, Xuan Zang, Meng Qi and himself. The style of writing is concise and accurate, without losing the vividness of prose, and many words are vivid. From the rhetorical point of view, the article uses a variety of techniques, such as setting questions, setting questions, quoting, metaphor and so on, which is full of fun.
Thinking: Compare the words added in the following sentences with the words in brackets, and talk about the reasons why the added words are used well.
1, the desert is so desolate, there are no birds in the air and no animals (beasts) on the ground.
2. At that time, there was neither a large group of camels with a lot of clean water food to catch up with, nor cars and planes to support them, so it was very difficult.
3. This devil's illusion (magic) was discovered by French mathematicians and water conservancy projects at the beginning of19th century.
The stone was exposed (exposed)
Students can discuss and communicate, or find other words to distinguish.
Clear:
1, using "invisible" for "air" and "invisible" for "ground" is both accurate and changeable. Use "bird" in front and "beast" in the back, which is very neat.
It is impossible to catch up with "a large group of camels brought a lot of clean water and food", not to mention "cars and planes to support", and "more" is more appropriate. "Of course" means affirmative, and the emphasis is reasonable or reasonable. There is no doubt about it. The use of "of course" in sentences is accurate, natural and colloquial.
3. "Magic" is synonymous with "magic", but the previous attribute is "magic", which is catchy to read and has charm. "Puncture" and "exposure" have similar meanings, but "illusion" is false, and it is more accurate and powerful to use "puncture".
Fourth, comparative reading.
It is recommended that Zhu Kezhen's March into the Desert, written by the same author, has the same theme, but the content and writing are quite different. By comparison, what do you think?
Let the students read more, express their opinions orally in class and communicate with each other. We can talk about the reasons why the content and writing of the two articles are quite different; We can talk about their respective advantages and limitations; You can talk about the new ideas you have learned from it; You can talk about the benefits of reading in and out of class and so on.
Ask the students to write a short article about "Desert and Human" in groups.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) abstract
This paper describes the terrible phenomenon that has been regarded as the work of the devil for thousands of years in the desert, gives a correct explanation from the scientific point of view, and shows that all strange phenomena can be explained by science.