An academic thesis written by a degree applicant is called a degree thesis. This kind of thesis is an important condition for evaluating whether an applicant can be awarded a degree. Degree applicants will be awarded if they can pass the required course examinations and pass the thesis examination and defense. If an applicant for a degree passes the course examination, but his thesis is rated as unqualified in the defense, then he will not be awarded a degree. A graduation thesis that is qualified to apply for a degree and written for it is called a dissertation and a bachelor's dissertation. A bachelor's degree thesis is both a degree thesis and a graduation thesis.

Academic papers are the knowledge and scientific records of an academic subject with new scientific research achievements or innovative ideas in experiments, theories or observations; Or apply the known principles to the scientific summary of the new progress made in practice for reading, communication or discussion at academic conferences; Or published in academic journals; Or written documents for other purposes. In the field of social sciences, people usually refer to papers expressing scientific research achievements as academic papers.

Academic papers have four characteristics: ① academic; ② scientific; ③ Creativity; 4 theoretical.

First, academics.

The scientific nature of academic papers requires that authors should not be biased because of personal likes and dislikes, and should not make subjective assumptions. He must proceed from objective reality and draw practical conclusions. In terms of arguments, we should grasp as much information as possible and take the most sufficient and conclusive arguments as the basis of arguments. When demonstrating, we must go through careful thinking and conduct rigorous argumentation.

Second, it is scientific.

Scientific research is the exploration of new knowledge. Innovation is the life of scientific research. The creativity of academic papers lies in the author's unique insights and ability to put forward new ideas and theories. This is because the essence of science is revolutionary and unorthodox. "The scientific method is mainly a means to discover new phenomena and formulate new theories, and the old scientific theories will inevitably be overthrown by the new ones." (Stephen Mei Sen) Therefore, without creativity, academic papers have no scientific value.

Third, creativity.

Academic papers are argumentative in form, but they are different from ordinary argumentative papers. It must have its own theoretical system, not just a list of materials. To raise perceptual knowledge to rational knowledge, we need to analyze and study a large number of facts and materials. Generally speaking, academic papers are argumentative or argumentative. The content of the paper must conform to historical materialism and materialist dialectics, and to the scientific research methods of "seeking truth from facts", "aiming at the target" and "analyzing and synthesizing".

Fourth, in theory.

It means to express scientific truth in plain language, not only literally, but also accurately, vividly, harmoniously and vividly.

1. Process of submitting papers-Peer review-Notice of using manuscripts-Handling related expenses-Publishing-mailing sample journals. Generally, authors should know the periodicals first, and then find the way to submit them. Some periodicals require written submissions. Most of them are in the form of electronic manuscripts. 2. The review time for published papers is one week for general journals (provincial and national) and 14-20 days for high-quality magazines. The review time of core journals is generally 4 months, and it has to go through three procedures: preliminary review, review and final review. 3. The level of periodicals is not determined by the state. However, each unit will generally divide periodicals into provincial-level periodicals and national-level periodicals according to the level of periodical authorities. Provincial periodical authorities are provincial units. The competent department of national periodicals is a national department or a directly affiliated department.