In the process of cultivating high-quality talents, music education is a very important way. It can not only cultivate students' sentiment, cultivate their innovative spirit, but also improve their aesthetic ability and cultural accomplishment to a certain extent, thus promoting the all-round development of their physical and mental health.
Keywords: music education in colleges and universities; Problems and countermeasures; Analytical research
In recent years, many colleges and universities in China have opened special music classrooms, and schools have paid more and more attention to music education for students, and music education has also been included in the normal teaching plan. The purpose of music education for students is not only to make students fully master certain basic knowledge of music, but also to improve their aesthetic ability and cultural accomplishment in the process of learning music, so that students can develop in an all-round way.
First, problems in music education in colleges and universities
1, not paying enough attention to music education
As far as music itself is concerned, it is a systematic subject, which can not only cultivate students' sentiment, but also play a very important role in promoting quality education in China. However, due to the influence of traditional education, many colleges and universities in China do not have a deep understanding of music education. They simply understand music lessons as learning to sing, and think that holding some cultural activities is the whole content of music teaching. It is precisely because of the school's misunderstanding of music education that music lessons become a mere formality without in-depth education for students, which makes it difficult to improve students' music level. At the same time, because the school attaches great importance to the education of students' theoretical knowledge and determines the teaching focus according to the examination focus, it is difficult to carry out music education smoothly. In addition, due to the neglect of the school, music teachers are usually perfunctory in teaching, and many students also feel that music education has little to do with future development, so they have a dispensable attitude towards music learning, which leads to the failure to improve students' cultural literacy.
2. Music education is not rich in content.
There are 56 ethnic groups in China, and each ethnic group has its own music, which shows that there are many kinds of traditional music in China. However, as far as the current music education is concerned, there are only two categories of content, namely, national music and western music. In the teaching materials, all the national music in our country is classified into one category for teaching. Because the classification is too broad, the national characteristics of music can not be fully displayed in front of students, who just learn in general. Through the analysis of music textbooks, we can clearly know that the proportion of western music in the textbooks far exceeds that of our national music, which makes students unable to fully understand our traditional culture. In addition, although music has its uniqueness, it is also closely related to dance, film and television, fine arts and other artistic categories, and is usually combined with other arts to create excellent works of art, so we can say that music is a comprehensive subject. However, due to various reasons, the content of music education in the school is relatively simple, limited to music theory, singing and appreciation, without integrating other art forms, resulting in boring music lessons and low interest of students in learning.
3. Rigid educational methods
In actual teaching, music education in some colleges and universities is too specialized and skilled. For non-music majors, such music learning is difficult. For this kind of students, music teaching is usually film and television appreciation, musical instrument performance, music theory learning and foreign music appreciation. But for music majors, the requirements will be higher. At the same time, a common problem in music education is that teachers pay too much attention to the explanation of students' music skills, thus ignoring the teaching of basic knowledge, which will lead to students lacking the necessary knowledge of music theory and thus unable to truly understand and appreciate music. In addition, because the school does not attach importance to music education, there are few music teachers, and its professionalism is difficult to guarantee, which leads to unsatisfactory teaching effect of music education [1].
Second, effective countermeasures against the problems existing in music education in colleges and universities
1, change the concept of music education
In order to make music education play a better teaching effect, first of all, schools should actively change their educational concepts. With the continuous advancement of quality education, schools should give effective music education to students on the premise of their all-round development. Therefore, schools should incorporate music education into the normal teaching plan, change the traditional educational concept in the past, and shift the focus of education to the healthy development of students' body and mind, so as to realize the importance of music education to students' all-round development more deeply. In addition, teachers should not only pay attention to the cultivation of students' musical skills, but also pay attention to the explanation of students' basic theoretical knowledge of music, and take the aesthetic experience of music as the main content of music education, so that students can feel, discover and experience beauty in the process of learning music. Such music education can not only cultivate students' sentiment, cultivate students' innovative consciousness, but also improve students' aesthetic ability and cultural accomplishment to a certain extent, thus promoting the all-round development of students' physical and mental health.
2. Enrich the content of music teaching.
In the actual teaching process, music teachers should not only pay attention to the education of students' western music, but also show students the national characteristics of China traditional music, so as to expose students to more types of music. Moreover, the school can also offer corresponding courses according to the regional characteristics, so as to stimulate students' interest in learning, arouse students' enthusiasm to participate in music classes, and let students actively learn and appreciate, thus continuously improving students' aesthetic ability and cultural accomplishment. Secondly, in the teaching process, teachers can also combine the teaching of basic music theory knowledge with music equipment, so that students can master relevant knowledge more quickly. For example, teachers can choose some common musical instruments, such as clarinet, trumpet, saxophone and gong. Applying these interesting musical instruments to teaching can attract students' attention, thus helping students to concentrate quickly and improve learning efficiency. Finally, teachers can organically combine music appreciation and performance, so that students can give full play to their subjective initiative, actively encourage students to use the way of playing, and express music content through physical movements, further deepening students' feelings and understanding of music [2].
3. Improve teaching methods.
In the process of teaching, teachers should deeply understand students' learning characteristics and music foundation, and then make targeted teaching plans to improve all students' music level. For some students with good music foundation, teachers can integrate pop music into teaching activities according to their favorite characteristics, stimulate students' interest in learning, and constantly cultivate students' ability to appreciate music. For example, the song Chrysanthemum Terrace has two musical instruments, guzheng and cucurbit silk. Teachers can guide students to analyze the elements in the song, so as to understand the musical style. For some students with poor foundation, teachers can arrange short plays according to music, and then let students know more about the thoughts and feelings the author wants to express through role-playing, so as to appreciate the cultural connotation expressed by music. Music learning is very emotional because it is not only knowledge learning, but also emotional experience. Therefore, music teachers should create a good teaching environment for students according to their characteristics, so that students can understand music more deeply, improve their aesthetic ability and cultural accomplishment, and lay a solid foundation for their all-round development in the future.
Three. conclusion
To sum up, music education for students can not only cultivate their sentiment, but also improve their aesthetic ability and cultural accomplishment to some extent. However, in the actual teaching process, there are still some problems such as the content of music education is not rich and the teaching methods are rigid. Therefore, relevant colleges and universities should actively change the concept of music education, enrich the content of music teaching, improve teaching methods, make music teaching play its due teaching effect and bring positive influence to students' all-round development.
References:
Yan Xiangyi. Research on the problems and countermeasures of music education in higher vocational colleges [A]. Beijing Institute of Soft Information Technology. Proceedings of the Third Century Star Innovation Education Forum [C]. Beijing Institute of Soft Information Technology: 20 16: 1.
[2] Zhang Yanan. Investigation and Countermeasures on Music Learning Burnout of Students Majoring in Preschool Education in Higher Vocational Colleges [D]. Harbin Normal University, 20 14.
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