Everyone must have been exposed to papers in their study and work. There are many types of papers, including academic papers, graduation papers, dissertations, scientific papers, achievement papers and so on. I believe many friends are very upset about writing papers. The following is my paper on the negative emotional harm of college students and its countermeasures for your reference, hoping to help friends in need.
Abstract: Contemporary college students have a strong desire to express themselves, but their psychological quality is poor, and they are easy to fall into emotional distress. The emotions of college students are characterized by stability and fluctuation, complexity and hierarchy, impulsiveness and intellectuality, and dominance and invisibility, which sometimes cause a series of negative emotions such as anxiety, inferiority, resentment and jealousy. Negative emotions affect college students' physical and mental health, making it difficult for college students to create a harmonious relationship between individuals and others, stifling their creativity and leading to destructive or aggressive behavior. Proper use of emotional venting, emotional transfer and emotional sublimation can effectively correct the negative emotions of college students and promote their mental health and personality perfection.
Keywords: college students; Negative emotions; Correct and cure
First, the basic characteristics of contemporary college students' emotions
When people know external things, they will have corresponding attitudes and behaviors, which are called emotions. Emotion is related to people's needs and attitudes, different from cognitive activities, and has a very significant and specific psychological process, such as experience, physiological model, evaluation and so on. Therefore, emotion is a subjective feeling state of the brain when individuals know the external things and environment, which is often accompanied by the physiological activation of some parts, providing energy for the occurrence and activities of emotions, and then the emotions are released, forming certain external behaviors. Bipolarity is a prominent feature of college students' emotions. Bipolarity refers to the vacillation and fluctuation of college students' emotions, and it is easy to move from one extreme to the other. This is determined by the psychological development level of college students, and it is the result of the contradiction and conflict of physiological, psychological and social factors.
1. Stability and volatility.
With the accumulation of knowledge and rich social experience, college students' cognitive level is constantly improving and they have certain emotional control ability. However, compared with adults, college students' mood fluctuates greatly, sometimes positive, enthusiastic and full of pride, sometimes negative, depressed and silent. Academic performance, classmates' relationship, the number of scholarships, etc. , it will cause college students' emotions to fluctuate to varying degrees.
2. Complexity and hierarchy.
The development process of college students' emotional psychology is obviously hierarchical, but at the same time it is complex and staggered. College students are still in the "weaning period" psychologically, and their psychology is gradually mature but not yet fully mature. They are full of confidence in the future, pursuing love and longing for friendship. However, the competition and pressure in universities are great, and it is easy to be disturbed by people and things from outside, so the emotions of college students are complex and hierarchical.
3. Impulse and rationality.
Psychologist Hall believes that young people are in a transitional period from "the age of ignorance" to "the age of civilization", which is characterized by vacillation and ups and downs. He called this period "storm period". With the improvement of knowledge and cognitive level, the self-control ability of contemporary college students has been developed to a higher degree, and in most cases they can think rationally, restrain themselves and adjust themselves. However, under the stimulation of the outside world, college students are easy to get emotional and out of control, which in turn leads to impulsive behavior.
4. Dominant and recessive.
Most contemporary college students are born in the 1990s, and they grew up in a fast, crisis and changeable information age. They are easy to get all kinds of information, and most of them are only children, often self-centered, psychologically fragile and lack the ability to bear setbacks. They are quick and sensitive to external stimuli, and their emotional expression is more direct and exposed than that of adults. They are always happy, angry, sad and happy. Although their psychology gradually matures and their sociality is gradually completed, sometimes they can express their emotions according to their own specific norms and goals, but sometimes they deliberately hide and conceal their true feelings and feelings, thus making their emotions inconsistent with their inner experiences, reflecting the hidden characteristics of college students' emotions.
Second, the harm of negative emotions to college students
1. Affect college students' physical and mental health, leading to college students' split personality.
Freud believed that "among all the adverse effects, the worst ones that can make people die prematurely are bad emotions and bad emotions, such as anxiety and jealousy." Negative emotions will not only harm the physical and mental health of college students, but sometimes even lead to extreme behavior and split personality of college students. The important feature of personality split is the separation of individual's external self and internal self. First, internal inferiority, external arrogance, covering up inferiority with arrogance; Second, the internal pursuit of external degradation, all its external manifestations are false, do not reflect the students' true internal thoughts, out of the desire for the opposite value of this external performance; Third, the inner hatred of external humility is mainly manifested as an appreciation or praise, a distorted or alienated appreciation or praise, and students' external humility cannot get rid of their inner hatred.
It is difficult to establish a harmonious relationship between individuals and others.
Harmonious interpersonal relationship is conducive to the growth and progress of college students, but students with strong negative emotions will put their interpersonal relationship in a state of tension and lack of benign interaction with teachers and classmates. Under this state of tension, they cannot create a harmonious relationship with others. Take jealousy as an example. The main manifestation of jealousy is self-prominence. First, directly belittle others, belittle your own ability, quality and wisdom. Second, indirectly belittle, satirize others through praise, flattery and other forms, indicating that jealousy will inevitably weaken the importance of others and lead to the indifference of the relationship between the two sides. At the same time, students with negative emotions will point to their teachers and classmates, but after a period of time, this emotion will spread and leave the specific object to find some substitute objects, such as other teachers and classmates. If this happens, teachers and classmates will be dissatisfied with them, and the interpersonal network will collapse completely.
3. stifle the creativity of college students, leading to destructive or aggressive behavior.
Negative emotions will stifle the creativity of college students. Taking learning as an example, when some poor students can't achieve excellent results, they may have envy and jealousy of excellent students, which will easily lead to poor students belittling and denying excellent students, giving up the pursuit of high value, making themselves mediocre and killing their creativity. At the same time, the negative emotions of college students will stifle the creativity of others. Students with negative emotions cannot tolerate the existence of independent personality and excellent quality. If they are jealous of excellent students, they will slander, attack, distort and belittle them. When excellent students can't resist slander, they will choose to follow the crowd and make themselves mediocre. Negative emotions not only stifle the creativity of college students, but also lead to destructive and aggressive anti-moral behavior. The negative emotions of college students are basically the result of some individual needs not being met, such as security, belonging, self-esteem and love. When these needs are lacking or deprived, people will have destructive and aggressive behaviors. The destructive or aggressive behavior of college students is both verbal and behavioral. Students with strong negative emotions will completely generalize to people or things that have nothing to do with attacking and destroying, and even do harm to teachers and classmates, and even take extreme measures.
Third, effective strategies to deal with negative emotions of college students
College students are in a period of changeable emotions. When encountering setbacks and failures, they will inevitably have various negative emotions, which is normal. However, they should not be allowed to control themselves. Therefore, appropriate methods should be adopted to effectively correct the negative emotions of college students, so that they dare to face reality, admit reality, accept reality, maintain a healthy mentality and have good adaptability to the environment. This is not only the guarantee of college students' mental health, but also the necessary condition for them to improve their personality and self.
1. Emotional venting.
Reasonable venting through certain channels is an effective way to correct negative emotions. There are direct and indirect ways to vent emotions. Direct catharsis is to express one's feelings to people and things that cause negative emotions, while indirect catharsis is to express one's feelings to people and things that cause negative emotions, or to vent excess energy through certain activities to adjust one's body and mind. Therefore, when something goes wrong, we should take the initiative to find relatives and friends to exchange ideas and feelings, and enhance our confidence and courage to overcome bad emotions. People who are good at communication and communication are often more likely to become healthy, happy and successful people.
2. Emotional transfer.
Emotional transfer method is a way to consciously transfer negative emotions to other people or things, establish new excitement points, and thus get rid of negative emotions. The theory of emotional transfer in modern psychology is based on the theory of "exciting focus", and its mechanism lies in artificially creating new "exciting focus" to offset the original "exciting focus", so that the influence of the latter will gradually fade away until it disappears completely. [1] So when something unpleasant happens, do something you usually like to do, such as listening to music. Music with bright rhythm and smooth melody has a refreshing effect, while music with slow rhythm and clear melody has a calming and comforting effect. Or take part in some meaningful sports activities such as running, playing ball and swimming, which not only exercises the body, but also eliminates emotional tension and anxiety; Or verbal cues and self-encouragement. Learn to consciously control and correct your emotions, and overcome the interference of negative emotions with tenacious will.
3. Emotional sublimation.
Emotional sublimation refers to guiding negative emotions in a direction beneficial to people, themselves and society, so as to make them conform to the code of conduct required by society and meet the requirements of the progress and development of the times. It is an advanced catharsis of negative emotions. For example, a classmate suffered a major change in his life. Faced with a heavy blow, he was not depressed because of it. He was immersed in personal misfortune and felt sorry for himself. Instead, I stubbornly walked out of great changes, shifted all my energy to study or work, and determined to overcome all difficulties and be a strong man in life.
References:
[1] Liu Cuihong. On the Emotional Adjustment of College Students [J]. Journal of Liuzhou Teachers College, 2009, (8).
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