Castle Peak, my boat and I, along the green water.

Until the river bank widens at low tide, and no wind blows my lonely sail.

... night gives way to the ocean of the sun, and the old year melts in freshness.

I can finally send my messenger, the wild goose, back to Luoyang.

Precautions:

1, time: stay.

2. Night: At dawn.

3. Jiang Chun sentence: Before the New Year, the news of spring came from the south of the Yangtze River.

In ancient times, it was said that geese could bring letters to their hometown of Luoyang.

Rhyme translation:

Tourists pass the bleak Gubei Mountain, and the boat goes along with the blue river.

The spring tide is rising, and the rivers on both sides are wider. sail before the wind just hung the sail high.

The red sun broke through the night and rose from the sea, and the spring breeze at the end of early spring swept across the river.

I don't know when the letter from home will arrive. When will Guiyan fly to Luoyang?

Comments:

This poem was written in late winter and early spring. When I was traveling in the river, I felt homesick. The beginning begins with a antithesis, writing about the wandering feelings of Shenchi's hometown. The second couplet is about sailing on the river of "tidal flat" and "positive wind", and the scene is magnificent. Sanlian wrote about the scene of sailing at dawn, and the antithesis implied philosophy, "The beauty of depicting scenery lies in generations to come", giving people a progressive artistic charm. The tail couplet saw that the geese missed their parents and echoed the first couplet. The whole poem is shrouded in faint homesickness.

"... the night now gives way to the ocean of the sun, and the old year melts in freshness", without losing the wonderful poetry garden, the magnificent Millennium.

Spring outing in Qiantang Lake

Tang Bai Juyi

From the north side of Gushan Temple to the west side of Jiating, the lake is just level with the embankment, with low clouds and waves on the lake.

Several early orioles raced to the sunny tree, and their new swallows were carrying mud in their nests.

Colorful spring flowers will gradually fascinate people's eyes, and shallow spring grass can barely cover the horseshoe.

I love the beauty on the east bank of the West Lake, and I can't get enough of it, especially the white sand embankment under the green poplar.

[Reading Guide]

Qiantang Lake, also known as West Lake, is one of the famous scenic spots in China. When we mention the West Lake, we will naturally think of Su Shi's famous sentence "If you want to compare the West Lake with the West, light makeup is always appropriate." After reading this poem by Bai Juyi, I seem to really see the smiling face of Shi. The poem describes the charming spring scenery of the West Lake in early spring as seen by the poet riding a horse, shows the vitality of everything in the bath of spring scenery, shapes the poet's own image, creates an artistic conception of gratifying spring scenery and abundant business, and expresses his love for the early spring scenery and his quiet and comfortable mood.

[Introduction to the author]

Bai Juyi (772-846), whose name was Lotte, was named Xiangshan layman and drunk. His ancestral home was Taiyuan (now Shaanxi), and his great-grandfather Bai Wen moved to Xiaguan (now Weinan, Shaanxi), so he was a great realistic poet in the middle Tang Dynasty. Bai Juyi's poems are rich in subject matter, profound in content, simple in expression, appropriate and fluent. There are nearly 3,000 existing white poems, the number of which should be the largest among poets in the Tang Dynasty. He once divided his poems into four categories: satire, leisure, sentimentality and heteronomy. What he is most proud of and valuable is his satirical poems. In literature, he advocated that "articles should be written in time, and songs and poems should be written for things", emphasized inheriting the fine tradition of realism in China's classical poetry, and opposed works without other sustenance. He is an advocate of the new Yuefu movement and plays an important role in the history of literature. The long narrative poems "Song of Eternal Sorrow" and "Whispering" represent his highest artistic achievements.

[Background Introduction]

Bai Juyi was appointed as the history of Hangzhou in July of the second year of Changqing (AD 822), and became the history of Suzhou in March of Bao Liyuan (AD 825). Therefore, this "Qiantang Spring Tour" should be written in the spring of the third or fourth year of Changqing.

[Text Notes]

Spring outing: a walk in spring.

Gushan Temple: On Gushan Mountain in Bai Causeway, West Lake.

Jia Ting: Jia Gongting, built by Jia Quan, the secretariat of Hangzhou in the Tang Dynasty, no longer exists today.

Chuping: From a distance, the water surface of the West Lake seems to be just flush with the shore and the scenery on the shore.

Cloud foot: In ancient Chinese, the drooping image was called "foot" and the lower part of the falling rain was called "foot of rain". This refers to the drooping clouds.

Warm tree: a tree facing the sun.

Miscellaneous flowers: refers to a large number of open spring flowers.

Shallow grass: grass in early spring, although abundant, is not very tall.

No (mò): Disappear.

Hudong: Taking Gushan as a reference, Baisha Dike (namely Bai Causeway) is in the northeast of Gushan.

Insufficient travel: insufficient travel, that is, repeated travel.

[hierarchy]

The first couplet focuses on the big picture and writes about the scenery seen by Gushan Temple. The first sentence is position, and the second sentence is vision. "Chuping" refers to spring water, which is slightly flat with the embankment. "Cloud feet are low" means that the white clouds are low and connected with the lake, and the outline of early spring is outlined. The calm water at the foot and the low-hanging cloud curtain in the sky constitute a quiet ink painting of the West Lake.

The poems written by Zhuan Xu were seen by poets during their travels. Yingying is a singer in spring, and everyone is competing to fly to the sunny tree to sing; Yan, the messenger of spring, has begun to build nests with mud and is full of vitality. Using "jujube" to describe oriole reflects Bai Juyi's sincere love for these vibrant little lives. The word "struggle" makes people feel that spring is rare and precious. Using a word "peck" to describe the busy and excited appearance of the swallow seems to bring the swallow back to life. These two sentences deliberately describe the dynamics of Yingying Yanyan, thus making the whole poem full of vitality and vitality in spring.

Writing flowers and plants in neck couplets focuses on the poet's feelings. The horse walked briskly on the shallow grass and looked at the flowers for a long time. His eyes were full of colorful flowers, which made people dizzying and puzzled. This pair of couplets and the first pair of couplets are the core of this poem, and they are also the crowning touch to describe the spring scenery in the white poem, especially the spring scenery in the West Lake. This is an emotional and energetic description of the scenery, which fully shows Bai Juyi's careful observation of the object of description and accurate grasp of its characteristics.

At the end of the poem, the scenery of Baishadi is written, which directly expresses the poet's joy. The "lack of lines" is due to the lack of sight, which shows that the poet lingers.

[Significance of Poetry Translation]

From the north of Gushan Temple to Jiating West, the spring water on the lake just overlaps with the dike and white clouds and is connected with the waves on the lake.

Several early orioles scrambled to fly to the sunny tree, and the new swallows were nesting with spring mud in their mouths.

Countless colorful spring flowers gradually fascinated people's eyes, and the shallow spring grass just covered the horseshoe.

I like the beautiful scenery on the east side of the West Lake best. I haven't visited it enough, especially the white sand embankment under the green shade.

[Appreciation of Poetry]

From the northern foot of Gushan Mountain to the present Pinghu and Bai Causeway Autumn Moon, the poet reported the information of spring to people all the way: the lake is full of spring water, the trees are full of spring warblers, Chun Yan is in the air, the spring flowers are blooming on the shore, and the spring grass is just green. The poet's keen and delicate brushwork makes people realize that the West Lake is wearing spring clothes in a stretch. The poet praised the spring scenery of the West Lake and pointed out that he loved walking on the white sand embankment. There is water on both sides of Bai Causeway, and willows and peach trees are planted on both sides of the embankment. Walking on the Bai Causeway in spring, the lake is at your feet, and you seem to be walking on the water; Willow branches in early spring, like smoke and fog, like silk, come to your face and make your heart swell with infinite tenderness and infinite love. You are like in a dream and a fairyland. When you walk on the Bai Causeway in spring, you can better appreciate the poet's feelings and moods when he wrote this poem.

The theme of the whole poem is mainly on the word "travel", closely following the word "spring outing" to describe the scenery. But the West Lake is too big and the journey is too long, so the poet only intercepts a paragraph to write-from the north of Gushan Temple to Baisha Land. After reading this poem, we naturally have the feeling of enjoying the early spring scenery of the West Lake with the poet.

[poetic features]

The whole poem has tight structure, strict meter, neat antithesis, fluent language and vivid and natural tone, which embodies the characteristics of popularity and fluency. Generally speaking, the poet describes the spring on the lake and is good at describing the scenery on the way. He chose the combination of typical and classified arrangement: he wrote four most beautiful spring scenes in the middle and chose the combination of animals and plants, which was unique. He is also good at grasping the characteristics of the scenery and using the most expressive words to describe and render it.

[Innovative reading]

Idle pen is not idle (text /Tom Chang)

Poetry is precious and exquisite, and there is no room for idle writing. It's a idle pen and should be deleted. However, some words seem to be idle, but they are not idle. If you read them carefully, there will be another rhythm in the idle pen. That kind of deep poetry is often not read, but tasted.

Bai Juyi's "Qiantang Spring Tour", the middle four sentences are: "A few early warblers compete for warm trees, whose new swallow pecks at spring mud. Flowers are more and more attractive, and shallow grass can be without horseshoes. " Some poetry critics have pointed out that there are too many idle pens in the four sentences. By free writing, he means "a few places", "whose youth is young", "gradual desire" and "talent". After the deletion, the poem is "the early warbler fights for the warm tree, and the new swallow pecks the spring mud." The flowers are charming, and the shallow grass has no hooves. " As far as the chanting scene is concerned, all the images and pictures of the original poem come out. But the poet wrote "spring outing", not "spring scenery". He wanted the spring scenery of the West Lake to flow with his "trip". Without these eight words, spring scenery remains the same; With these eight words, the still picture will flow.

"Several places" is a quantifier. "The early warbler fights for the warm tree" is a beautiful picture. If it is crowned with "several places", this beautiful picture is not one place, but many places. There are some here, some there and some in the distance. "Liu Lang Wen Ying" is a scene of the West Lake. In fact, in spring, warblers can be heard everywhere around the West Lake. "Whose home" is a question word. The poet did not deliberately describe "Chun Yan pecking at mud", but deliberately asked: "Who is Chun Yan pecking at mud?" With this question, perhaps the poet will speed up his pace and set his eyes on Chun Yan to see which spring mud will nest. It's much more interesting to think like this than just depicting "Chun Yan pecking at mud". For example, Several Places, Whose Home, Desire, Talent, etc., do not provide images and form pictures, but add them to poetry, expand the images and extend the pictures, and natural things will flow with the poet's "behavior".

Reading aloud is reading poetry, pondering carefully is tasting poetry, and good poetry can be read and tasted. Some poems are not wonderful to read for the first time, but they are wonderful to read slowly. The poetry of direct reading mostly comes from intuitive images; The indirect taste of poetry is mostly hidden in the "idle pen" outside the image.

That poetry critic should be a poetry critic, not an editor, not an editor-in-chief Otherwise, Bai Juyi's poems were thrown into his hands, and with a stroke of a pen, it was said that he had cut off his "idle pen", but in fact it hurt his bones and the fate of his poems would be miserable.

Translation:

Strolling through Gushan Temple and Jiating, the spring of the West Lake has just risen flush with the shore, the clouds in the sky have fallen, and the water color is connected with the skylight. In several places, the orioles who left the nest early scrambled to fly to the sunny and warm trees to cry. I didn't know that the new swallow was busy building a nest with mud. All kinds of flowers are gradually opening up, dazzling, and new grass can cover horseshoes. The white sand embankment on the east side of the West Lake is green and shady.

see the boundless ocean

(Three Kingdoms) Cao Cao

On the east coast, climb Jieshi Mountain to see the vast sea.

The sea is so vast that the islands stand high on the sea.

Trees and paraquat are very lush. Autumn wind makes trees make sad sounds, and the sea is surging.

The movement of the sun and the moon seems to come from the vast ocean.

A trip to the sun and the moon, if unexpected;

Han is a talented star, if you take him by surprise.

Fortunately, even! Sing with ambition.

Poetic:

Go east and climb Jieshi Mountain to see the sea.

How vast the sea is, and Jieshi Mountain stands tall by the sea.

There are many trees on Jieshi Mountain, and all kinds of grass grow luxuriantly.

The autumn wind is rustling and the waves on the sea are sky-high.

The movement of the sun and the moon seems to start from this vast ocean.

The Milky Way is dotted with stars, as if it were born in this vast ocean.

Very lucky. Use singing to express your thoughts and feelings.

Precautions:

1 Jieshi: the name of the mountain. There are two kinds of Jieshi Mountain, which refers to Dajieshi Mountain at this time. One word refers to Jieshi Mountain in Changli County, Hebei Province.

② Lian: The water waves are swaying.

(3) stand tall.

4 xinghan: galaxy.

Background:

Looking at the Sea is a famous work of Cao Cao, which was written when he was wooing Wu Huan. In 207 AD, Cao Cao led an army to the north to hunt down the remnants of Yuan Shao, swore the Northern Expedition in May, and left Lulong Village in July to face Jieshi Mountain. He climbed the mountain and looked at the sea. Facing the surging sea, he wrote this magnificent poem.

Appreciate:

Seeing the sea is the first chapter for Cao Cao to walk out of Xiamen. Yuefu poems in the Han Dynasty are generally untitled, and the title "Viewing the Sea" was added by later generations. Yuefu poems can be sung. The last two sentences of the poem, "Fortunately, Lian, singing with ambition", were added at the concert, and they are the attachments of the poem, which have nothing to do with the content of the poem.

The appreciation of China's classical poems should be based on understanding people and discussing the world. In August of the 12th year of Jian 'an (2007), Cao Cao, Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty, under the planning, wielded a whip at the north, winning more with less, which greatly broke the remnants of Wuhuan (the minority regime in Liaodong Peninsula at that time) and Yuan Shao, and unified the north. In September of that year, Cao Cao crossed Jieshi Mountain (located in the southwest of Dongting County, Hebei Province) on his way home. The mountain no longer exists, and it is said that it has sunk to the bottom of the sea. Watch the magnificent scenery of the sea. At this time, Cao Cao was full of ambition and high spirits, and wrote a book with a brush, so he had a poem "Watching the Sea".

The scenery described in this poem is from near to far, from real to virtual, combining dynamic and static, using virtual and real, with distinct levels, showing the grand momentum of the sea changing and the sun and the moon swallowing up. In fact, it is the poet's feelings like "the sea" that express his determination to destroy all the remaining enemies and vow to unify China. It is suggested that when reading the text, readers might as well appreciate this masterpiece according to the poet's creative thinking of "seeing"-"thinking"-"saying".

The main body of poetry can be divided into three layers:

The first two sentences of the poem, "Jieshi is in the east, so as to see the sea", explain the position of the poet's view of the sea, which is an inheritance of the things about Chen Qi in the Book of Songs and looks very simple. The sea, that is, the sea, means "I climbed Jieshi Mountain in the east to see the sea." These two periods show the place where the poet sees the sea-Jieshi Mountain, in which the words "pro" and "view" convey the poet's high-spirited spirit of foresight and indomitable spirit. The passage of time can also be understood as the feelings of the heroic poet for the passage of time. At this time, Cao Cao was invincible, victorious, full of ambition, high-spirited, ambitious, and swallowed mountains and rivers. He was an image of a "retired talent" (far from being compared with the late Prime Minister Cao, who lost his mind after Battle of Red Cliffs's defeat).

On the second floor (from "How is the water" to "Hong Bo surges"), the following six sentences describe what the poet saw and heard while watching the scenery at the seaside. The sea is rippling and dynamic; The mountains, rivers and islands stand still, setting each other off into interest, showing the vastness and majesty of the sea; When we write about vegetation, it is still static, second only to "Hongbo", and then it returns to dynamic, showing the amazing power and magnificent weather of the sea. This floor is all about real scenes.

Everything that Cao Cao sees at this moment is as beautiful as his mood at this moment. "What is water, mountain island. Trees and paraquat are very lush. Autumn wind makes trees make sad sounds, and the sea is surging. The autumn wind is bleak, and Hongbo surges. " Mr. Hu: Well, well. Lian: The way the water ripples. Zhuo Zhi: Soaring into the sky. With "shrug", high. Wisdom: Li. Bleak: The sound of autumn wind blowing vegetation. H: it's very big. How vast the sea is, and the mountain island stands in the middle of the water. There are lush trees and lush herbs everywhere. The autumn wind rustles and stirs the sea. "The scenery of the sea, in Cao Cao's view, is so vast and magnificent!

"Where there is water, there are mountains and islands." It is a panoramic view overlooking the sea; The words "trees" and "herbs" are still scenery, close-ups and close-ups; The words "autumn wind" and "Hongbo" describe dynamic scenery, which is seen from a distance. They describe the big situation first, and then describe the small situation. From near to far, a static movement effectively describes the grandeur of the sea and lays the foundation for the later imagination.

The next four sentences, "the trip to the sun and the moon, if it is out of its territory; Xinghan is brilliant, if it is unexpected. " Third floor. With the help of strange imagination, the poet expressed the spirit of the sea devouring the sun, the moon and the stars. Xing Han: refers to the Milky Way. These four sentences mean "the sun and the moon in a hurry seem to come from the sea, and the bright stars seem to come from the sea." Judging from the word "if", these four sentences falsely describe the author's subjective feelings, that is, the poet's imagination when he saw the surging sea.

The last two sentences are "fortunately, Lian, the song is to be sung." It is not only an annex of Yuefu format, but also cleverly highlights the poet's straightforward expression, meaning "I am very happy." I am right to sing poetry and express my lofty sentiments. " It is impossible for a successful person to make an expedition here, "near" Jieshi Mountain and have leisure to "see the sea".

The tone of the poem Looking at the Sea is desolate and generous, which reflects Cao Cao's extraordinary mind and tolerance. The poem also reveals some sad feelings, which is thought-provoking and has always been regarded as the masterpiece of "Jian 'an Style". This poem is expressive and lyrical. The environment is born from the heart, and the same scenery enters everyone's eyes. After thinking and refining it into words, it is different. The poet put his lofty sentiments and ambitions when he looked at the sea into the description of the scenery. "All scenery words are sentimental words" (Wang Guowei's language). This poem well embodies this feature of landscape poetry, which can be called the top grade of landscape poetry. It should also be a model of poetry, prose and other literary works and our composition writing, and it is worth learning, learning and learning.