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The traditional elements of detective stories are: (1) seemingly perfect crime; (2) The criminal suspect wrongly accused pointed by indirect evidence; (3) the clumsiness of a stupid policeman; (4) The detective's greater observation ability and excellent mind; And (5) the surprising and unexpected ending, the detective revealed how the identity of the criminal was determined. Detective novels usually follow the principle that seemingly convincing evidence is ultimately irrelevant. Usually, it goes without saying that while the detective receives the clues, the clues that can lead to the logical solution to the problem are presented to the readers fairly, and the detective infers the solution to the puzzle from the logical explanation of these clues.
The first detective novel is edgar allan poe's Murder in Moge Street, which was published in April 184 1. The profession of detective appeared only a few decades ago, and it is widely believed that Poe was influenced by Fran? Ois-Eugène Vidocq established the world's first detective agency in Paris in 18 17. Edgar Allan Poe's fictional French detective C. Auguste Dupin appeared in two other stories, The Secret of Mary Roger (1845) and The Stolen Letter (1845). This detective novel soon expanded into a novel.
French writer? Mile Gaboriaud's Le Rouge Incident (1866) is a very successful novel with several sequels. Wilkie Collins's The Moon Stone (1868) is still one of the best English detective novels. Anna katharine green became one of the first American detective novelists. Australian Fergus Hume's The Mystery of Hansom Taxi (1886) has achieved great commercial success.
Sherlock Holmes, the greatest fictional detective, and his loyal and somewhat dull partner, Dr. Watson, made their debut in Arthur (later Sir Arthur) Conan Doyle's novel "A Study of Blood Characters" (1887), and continued to the 20th century's story collections, such as "Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes" (1894). Sherlock Holmes' detective style is so attractive that Conan Doyle's death did not end Holmes' career; Several writers, often under the circumstances mentioned in the original works, tried to continue the Holmes tradition.
In the early 20th century, many outstanding detective stories were produced, including Mary Roberts Rinehart's The Circular Stair (1908) and Father Brown's Innocence by G.K. chesterton (191kloc-0/), as well as other novels with priest detectives. Since 1920, the names of many fictional detectives have become household words: Detective French introduced in the Wooden Bucket by Freeman Wells Croft (1920); Hercule poirot in agatha christie's The Mystery of stiles (1920) and Miss Ma Puer in The Murder of the Pastor's House (1930); Lord Peter Wemsy, in whose body is Dorothy L. Sayers? ( 1923); Philovans, Benson murder in S.S. Van Dine (1926); Albert campion, Crime in Black Dudley in margery allingham (1929; Also published "Haddley Murder"); And the ellery queen conceived by Frederick Danne and Manfred B. Lee in The Mystery of the Roman Hat (1929).
In a sense, the1930s was the golden age of detective stories, and the above-mentioned detectives continued to appear in new novels. This decade is also marked by Dashiell Hammett's works. He used his experience as a private detective to create stories and novels, especially maltese falcon (1930) starring Sam Spader. In hammett's works, the role of detective has become as important as the "detective novel" of early reasoning. Thin Man (1932) is more traditional with Nick and Nora Charles, plus the discovery of a witty married couple. Hammett's successors include Raymond Chandler and Ross Macdonald, who also emphasized the characters of their tenacious but humane detectives Philip Marlowe and Lou Archer respectively. At the end of the1940s, Mickey Spillane kept the novel method of tough guy crime by hammett and others, but his emphasis on sex and sexual abuse became a formula, starting with Me, Jury (1947), which brought him amazing commercial success.
In the late1930s, the introduction of mass-produced paperback books made detective story writers rich, including earl Stanley gardner, an American, whose criminal lawyer Mason's detective stories revealed crimes in court. Rex stout and his fat orchid detective Nero Wolf and his polite assistant archie goodwin; Francis and Richard Lockridge, and another clever couple, Mr. and Mrs. North. In France, georges simenon created one novel after another at an extremely fast speed, which made his protagonist, detective McGarrett, one of the most famous detectives after Sherlock Holmes. Other writers who have inherited the tradition of Sherlock Holmes or explored new fields include Nicholas Black (the pen name of poet C Day Louis), Michael innis, Mrs Ngaio Marsh, josephine tey, Carter Dixon (john dickson carr) and P D James. After 1945, writers such as John le Carrey adapted the form of detective novels into more and more popular spy novels.
The Mystery Writers of America is a professional organization established in 1945, aiming at improving the level of mystery novels (including detective novels). The Association has exerted an important influence through its annual Edgar Allan Poe Awards. See mystery stories; A serious novel.
Famous detective novels include murder for pleasure by Howard Haycraft. ( 1968); And jacques barzun and Wendell H. Taylor's Catalogue of Crimes (197 1).
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