Summary generally includes the following parts: (1) topic; (2) the author's work unit and name; (3) Abstracts (required by some periodicals), keywords and classification numbers (convenient for computer storage and retrieval); (4) Preface (introduction, introduction, introduction); (5) text (main body or core part); (6) summary (conclusion); (7) bibliography.

(1) title

Often expressed in noun phrases, generally no more than 25 words. The basic requirement is to be able to accurately and clearly express the central idea or main content of this review. According to the characteristics of timeliness, it is suggested to add "research status (recent situation)", "research progress", "research status and progress", "re-evaluation" and "re-evaluation" after the main content of the article.

(2) the author

Unless there are special provisions in individual magazines, the author's signature of general periodical reviews is the same as that of articles.

(3) Preface (Introduction)

That is, the first paragraph of the summary, briefly state the content of the summary in less than 200 words, and emphasize the purpose and necessity of writing. On the basis of summarizing the history and present situation of topic selection, this paper puts forward a "title" that summarizes the main contents, so that readers can have a preliminary understanding of the content of the article and stimulate their interest in reading the full text.

The preface should include: the purpose of writing, the exact definition of related concepts, the content and time range involved, a brief introduction to the current situation and focus of related issues, and lay the foundation for the writing of the text. As a beginner, we must carefully scrutinize the preface and consider every sentence, and we must not be hasty and dull.

(4) Text

The text is the main or core part of review, and it is also the part with the largest amount of information and the highest value.

1. composition: the text includes two parts: argumentation and argumentation. Generally, questions are raised first, and then analyzed and discussed around the questions raised. For content with multiple levels or viewpoints, according to the purpose of writing, you can list subheadings separately to form several small parts, and then discuss the content of an opinion, an event or a side under each subheading. No matter what form you list and discuss, you must explain the theoretical or experimental basis of both sides of the argument, explain the context of the point of view, and reveal the essence of the problem. The necessary tables can be used to compare data vertically or horizontally.

2. Writing method: it can be different according to the number of words, content, scope and the author's writing skills. Commonly used methods: (1) According to the internal scientific laws of the discipline, that is, the conventional thinking procedures of people in this discipline and their inevitable connections, elaborate at different levels; (2) According to the focus of the current debate, put forward questions and discuss them respectively; (3) Discuss by stages according to the progress of the discipline (time sequence); (4) According to the clinical diagnosis and treatment procedures.

3. Basic requirements: No matter what writing method is adopted, the main content of the text should focus on the history and present situation, development trend, main viewpoints and basis of various schools, focus of debate, new discoveries and main problems in current research, existing weak links and prospects for future development. The quoted materials should be accurate, and the arguments and arguments should be sufficient and convincing. We should objectively and truly reflect different views and even opposing views. The author's own views can be expressed or implied, but they should not be dominant.

(v) Conclusion

The conclusion should be briefly stated, mainly including: summarizing the main contents of the text, pointing out the main research results, development trends, application value, practical significance, existing main problems and differences, and future development trends and prospects in this field. For those who have been engaged in this research for many years and have rich experience, it is best to put forward their own views, such as what to approve of, what to oppose, and what to pay attention to in the future. Basic requirements for the conclusion: (1) Summarize the main contents briefly, mark the main facts and highlight the key points; (2) Put forward the future development direction, a hypothesis or new problems to inspire new scientific research topics; (3) Generally speaking, the conclusion is a separate item, but it can also be put into the text, depending on the specific situation.

(6) References

References are an important part of the review and cannot be omitted. The number of references is a sign to measure the quality and level of this review. References are an important basis for writing abstracts, providing readers with clues to find the original papers, and also respecting the work of the original authors.

1. Basic principles of citation: citation is an important part of peer review, so six basic principles must be adhered to: (1) It must be the latest and most valuable original work read by the author himself, and snowball citation should be avoided; (2) Try to choose the literature published in core journals; (3) Cite disposable literature; (4) Select the literature published by authoritative and well-known scholars; (5) Cite the documents in recent 5 years (preferably in recent 1 ~ 3 years); (6) Non-publicly published documents should not be selected, and materials from textbooks or special books (secondary documents with poor timeliness) should be avoided.

2. Citation format: Vancouver format, which is internationally accepted, is adopted at present. Except for special requirements of individual magazines, the description format of periodicals, precipitation documents, works, conference papers, patent documents, etc. Generally, the above-mentioned international general format is adopted.

3. Arrangement: There are two common ways: (1) coding arrangement according to the citation order of articles, and marking corner codes in the upper right corner () or [] of cited documents in the text; According to the first letter of the author's name. General periodicals adopt the first form.

4. Citation requirements: Mark the corner codes in the text according to the citation order and list them according to the national standard (GB77 14287). Foreign documents are written in the original language, so there is no need to translate them into Chinese. The number of cited references is not limited as required. Due to the limitation of space, some domestic journals can be called the main references because of the limited number of cited documents.