I have been learning Chinese for more than two years, and now I can have some daily communication with people around me. Think about the reasons for learning Chinese at the beginning, starting with a TV series. In South Korea, I like watching China's series Princess Zhu Huan best, because you can not only hear the language like singing, but also see all kinds of beautiful cheongsam. Every girl wearing cheongsam is so beautiful and slim. At that time, I thought that every girl in China should wear cheongsam. I dreamed that one day I could wear a beautiful cheongsam and speak a beautiful language like singing. Finally, I had the opportunity to come to China. When I was on the plane, I imagined that the streets were full of girls wearing cheongsam, but when I got off the plane, I found that this was not the case. The girls didn't wear beautiful cheongsam, and their clothes were similar to those of our Korean girls. And in the next two years, I found that girls in China generally don't wear cheongsam, except some hotel waiters. I like cheongsam very much, but I dare not wear it alone, which will definitely make people feel strange. After I came to China, I didn't often see the cheongsam that I missed so much, but I was deeply impressed by the diligence of the overseas students in China. In Korea, students seldom go to the library as long as they have passed the college entrance examination. In China, however, the situation is completely different. There are many students studying in the school study room from morning till night. I really admire their studious spirit. Besides, I found an interesting thing in China. China people like to say "right away" and "wait a minute", but China people's "right away" doesn't really mean right away in a few minutes. I remember that once there was something wrong with the dormitory network cable, I called the administrator and asked her to send someone to repair it. On the phone, the administrator said, "Please wait a moment. I'll be right there. " . But after 30 minutes, no one knocked at the door. So I called again, and they still said, "We'll be right there." . Later, I waited in the dormitory for three hours before two people came. Then I asked them, didn't you say right away? It took three hours to get here! They smiled and said to me, don't worry, aren't we here? Later, I told my friend in China about it, and he said that some people in China are really slow. But I think sometimes it's not good to move too slowly, because that will affect work efficiency. These are the China in my eyes now. China is a big country. Besides Beijing, there are many interesting places. Moreover, different places have different characteristics, and there are many places that attract me in language, diet, customs and habits. So I also hope to have a chance to know more about China and China in the future ... When I was in Grade Two (1), the streets became more and more noisy, and the silence in the morning vanished at this moment. There was a long queue in front of the vegetable and fruit stalls on the road, bargaining, being underweight, swearing for no reason ... Inadvertently, the urban management department came. As a result, the customs should be closed, the escape should be escaped, and the punishment should be punished ... Suddenly, the noise disappeared. On the street, only a few rotten leaves are telling the hardships of life journey ... how many days of hard work, how many days of sweating, sowing seeds, fertilizing and watering, fighting against nature and disasters in the scorching sun. Always looking forward to their own sowing can be harvested, a hoe hit the earth, so that seedlings grow little by little. It's finally autumn, and I'm glad that my long-term work has finally paid off. The whole family finally has the capital to solve the problem of food and clothing, and I'm glad that I can keep my mouth shut all night. The next day, I rushed into the city with a donkey cart full of vegetables, and the bustling city was full of eyes, looking for an open space to set up a stall, looking for a stall in the vegetable market, and all kinds of payments were waiting for them ... This is the farmers in China, rushing for the continuation of life and working hard to solve the problem of food and clothing. Poverty in life is the root of sorrow, and poverty in spirit is the root of sorrow. The secularization of farmers in China is a very gentle and peaceful life. They dedicated their whole lives to a piece of loess under their feet. They don't care about their knowledge, don't know or care about news events, and don't feel sad for themselves and the social situation. Because they only know that the essence of life is to live, and coming into the world is nothing more than walking through and then returning to the world. They don't care about nature, they care about the weather, the market price of vegetables, and the growth of seedlings in the fields ... If they can stick to the ordinary best, I'm afraid they are only farmers. In Europe and America, farmers represent the middle class. In China, once they are mentioned, people will scoff and dismiss them. When it comes to farmers, the words "vulgar, inferior, uneducated and uneducated" are the most "perfect" evaluation of them by the people of China. Did they really do it? Are they willing to do this? In other words, they are not unwilling, but forced. We often wonder, what makes our attitude towards farmers worse? In the once unfair feudal society, it seems that this is not the case. There is a poem saying, "Who knows that every grain is hard?" But today, with the development of socialism, people treat farmers like this. The eyes of the business people in the store suddenly changed, the passengers in the car disliked, and the customers in the restaurant disdained … Why? I think the reason is not only related to the cultural literacy of farmers themselves, but also caused by people who think their status is higher than farmers themselves. Farmers' children are thrifty because they know that money is hard to come by, and they know that money is condensed by sweat. However, we regard this as stingy and spend money like water, as if they were different from us and despised by others. As we all know, we are transforming in the process of the development of the times, not like before, so the scale of judging beauty is also changing. We will think that the magnificence in our eyes is beauty, but we ignore the magnificence of farmland under the scorching sun. We envy other people's material wealth, but ignore whether our hearts are full or not. It is a blessing to work in a spacious, bright and well-equipped office, which is what we hope in our hearts. It seems that it is a contribution to our country and an honor. Who let those white-collar workers pick up hoes and work in the fields? Most of them will think that farming is a poor job and unworthy of their status, but have they thought about where their daily food comes from? Farmers' responsibilities, farmers' persistence, farmers' diligence and farmers' helplessness ... have we experienced these? Farmers are the cultivators of the land on which we live, and at their feet, they are the source of the earth. What they produce is the foundation of our life. I really want to appeal to all the people in China. Today, with the improvement of the quality of life and material life, we should never forget the equality of all beings, never bring the hierarchical concept of feudal society to today, and never ignore the hard work of physical strength because of too much ink in our minds. Today, when the economy is striving for the upper reaches and trying to compete with European and American powers, should we also learn their attitude towards farmers while learning advanced western technologies? Some people may say that China people's concept of farmers is long-term and unshakable. However, social patterns can be changed, so why not think backwards? I earnestly hope that in the quiet village, there will be no more thirsty and helpless crying. I sincerely hope that in the bustling city, there will be no despair of soul withering and thought corrosion!

General situation of natural resources in China

Rich and diverse, with great potential, China is rich in natural resources and is known as "vast territory and abundant resources".

① Land resources. China has a land area of 9.6 million square kilometers, accounting for 22. 1% of the land area of the Asian continent and 6.4% of the land area of the world. It is one of the countries with a vast land area in the world. China's rich land resources have two remarkable geographical features: First, the mountainous areas with relatively high altitude (including hills, mountains and plateaus) occupy more areas than the plain areas (plains and high plains), accounting for 2/3 to1/3; Second, in the complex and diverse ecological environment, there are many grasslands, less cultivated land, a small proportion of forest land and a large proportion of hard-to-use land. At present, grassland accounts for about 37.4% of China's total land area, cultivated land accounts for about 10.4%, woodland accounts for about 12.7%, and hard-to-use land such as desert, Gobi, alpine desert, rocky mountain, glacier and permanent snow accounts for about 20.5%. Nevertheless, there is still great potential for China to further make full and rational use of land resources. In addition to the existing grassland, cultivated land and woodland, it is estimated that there are about 33 million hectares of wasteland suitable for agriculture, more than 60 million hectares of grass hills and slopes, and more than 90 million hectares of barren hills, wasteland and sparse woodland suitable for forest to be developed and utilized.

2 energy. China has a full range of conventional energy sources and is one of the major energy countries in the world. Rich in coal resources, the coal reserves at the end of 1990 reached 90 1453 million tons, ranking first in the world; Hydraulic resources are particularly rich, with a theoretical reserve of 676 million kilowatts, ranking1in the world; In addition to the proven oil reserves, the national land and sea prospective reserves are optimistic.

3 minerals. China is one of the few countries in the world with many kinds of minerals, wide distribution, large reserves and self-sufficiency in most mineral resources. By the end of 1990, there were 148 kinds of minerals with certain reserves in China. Among them, non-ferrous metals are the main ones, and tungsten, antimony, tin, mercury, molybdenum, zinc, copper, bismuth, vanadium, titanium, rare earth and lithium rank among the top in the world. For example, the reserves of tungsten are more than three times that of all countries in the world, rare earth metals account for more than half of the world's total reserves, and antimony accounts for 44% of the world's reserves. The reserves of lead, iron, silver, manganese and nickel are also of world significance. Although the reserves of iron and manganese rank third in the world, there are many poor minerals and few rich minerals. Besides, there are many associated minerals. For example, Panzhihua iron mine is accompanied by vanadium, titanium and nickel. Pyrite and magnesite in nonmetallic minerals also rank first in the world, followed by phosphate rock and asbestos.

④ Water resources. The preliminary estimate of water resources in China is 2711500 million cubic meters. The average annual runoff of Chinese rivers is equivalent to 5.8% of the world's total runoff.

⑤ Forest resources. China's existing forest area is124 million hectares, ranking eighth in the world, but the forest coverage rate is only 12.98%, ranking 12 1 in the world. The forest stock is 965,438+0.465,438+0 billion cubic meters, ranking fifth in the world, among which there are many trees with excellent materials and high economic value.

⑥ Biological resources. China is rich in biological resources, with 24,500 species of seed plants alone, ranking third in the world, second only to Brazil. Among a wide variety of plants, economic plants (one at a time, single use) reach 24 1 1, which not only provides various industrial raw materials such as food, medicinal materials and fiber, but also protects and improves natural environmental conditions. There are more than 2,400 species of fish in aquatic resources, of which marine fish account for about 3/5, and the rest are freshwater fish. In addition, there are crustaceans, shellfish and seaweeds.

The per capita resources are low. The absolute amount of natural resources in China is considerable, but the per capita possession is lower than the world average. For example, China's total land area is the third in the world, but its per capita is less than 1 hectare, while the per capita in the world is 3 hectares; The cultivated land area ranks fourth in the world, with a per capita of about 0. 1 hectare, and the per capita of the world is about 0.36 hectares. Grassland resources rank third in the world, with a per capita of about 0.35 hectares and a per capita of 0.76 hectares in the world. The per capita forest area is 0. 107 hectares, and the world average is 0.65 hectares. The total surface runoff per capita is less than 2700 cubic meters, which is only1/4 of the world average; At the same time, in the comparison of the reserve value of 45 major mineral resources in the world, China's total mineral output ranks third in the world, while its per capita ranks 10 in the world.

The regional distribution of major resources is unbalanced. The regional distribution of natural resources in China is very uneven, especially water, energy and minerals. The distribution of water resources in China is more in the south and less in the north. Among them, the Yangtze River basin has the largest water volume, accounting for 37.7% of the total water volume in China, followed by the Pearl River and the coastal basins of Guangdong and Guangxi, accounting for17.2%; On the other hand, to the north of Huaihe River, although the Yellow River is a big river, its water volume only accounts for 2% of the national runoff, while Haihe River and Luanhe River account for 1%. The cultivated land area of Henan, Shandong and Hebei provinces in the lower reaches of the Yellow River and Haihe and Luanhe River basins accounts for about 2 1.25% of the total cultivated land area in China. In contrast, the imbalance of water and soil resources is obvious. In terms of energy, nearly 80% of the proven coal reserves are distributed in North China (64% of which are concentrated in North China), and 10% is distributed in Southwest China, while 8 provinces in the south of the Yangtze River only account for 2%. 98% of the proven oil reserves are in the north; The proven reserves of natural gas are limited, with 67% in Sichuan; The southwest, northwest and south-central regions account for 90% of hydraulic resources, and the rest 10% is distributed in northeast, north and east China. In the six provinces of Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Hunan, Jiangxi and Guangdong in the southeast of China, the reserves of tungsten, tin, antimony, zinc, mercury and lead rank second in the world 1 and second respectively, which has become a major feature of the distribution of mineral resources in China. The unbalanced distribution of natural resources has great influence on economic development, people's life and transportation.

The regional combination of resources has its own advantages, and the regional combination of natural resources is related to the development of regional economy. Due to the unbalanced regional distribution of natural resources, the regional combination of natural resources in six regions of China has its own advantages. Now briefly described as follows:

① Northeast. All kinds of natural resources are rich and well combined. The cultivated land area is extensive, and Heilongjiang Province alone accounts for 9.23% of the whole country's cultivated land area, with a large area of wasteland suitable for agriculture. Yves is rich in forest resources, accounting for 33% of the country. Oil is the most abundant energy resource, and its proven reserves account for 45-50% of the whole country. The shortage of coal resources, which accounts for 9% of the country, depends on transportation. Iron ore reserves account for 1/4 of the whole country, and Heilongjiang and Liaoning provinces are better than Jilin.

② North China. As a major coal-producing province (region), Inner Mongolia and Shanxi rank first in the country, followed by Hebei. The proven reserves of coal and oil in the three provinces (regions) account for 1/2 and 1/3 of the whole country respectively. Iron ore reserves are large, which matches well with coal. The rare earth mines in Inner Mongolia are world-famous. However, water and forest resources are seriously insufficient, and the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources is particularly prominent. There are vast grasslands in the north of this area, which is an important animal husbandry production base in China.

③ East China. As the most densely populated and economically developed area in China, the cultivated land area accounts for about15 of the whole country, and the agricultural production level is relatively high. The energy is mainly coal, concentrated in the border area of Shandong, Anhui and Jiangsu, and Anhui has a certain amount of iron ore to cooperate with it. Shandong is also rich in minerals, while Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Fujian provinces are poor in minerals. South of Huaihe River is rich in water resources. Although the south of Hangzhou Bay is rich in water, the river is short. The water resources in the whole region only account for 4% of the whole country. East China has a vast sea area, especially rich in fish resources. Forest resources are famous for timber forests such as Chinese fir, bamboo and masson pine.

④ Central and South China. Cultivated land accounts for 22.82% of the country, ranking first in the country. Except for the abundant water resources in the southern area, most of the other areas are multi-water belts. Forest and aquatic resources have a certain scale. Although the forest area is slightly smaller than the northeast and southwest regions, its volume is much smaller than these two regions. The region is dominated by non-ferrous metals, and tungsten in Hunan and Gannan, antimony in central Hunan, lead and zinc in southern Hunan and western Hunan, and copper mines in northeast Jiangxi are famous all over the country. In terms of energy, hydropower is abundant, accounting for 13.8% of the whole country. Coal is concentrated in Henan Province.

⑤ Southwest China. Metal minerals, water power and forest resources are very important. Metal minerals such as iron, manganese, copper, tin, lead and zinc all have a certain position in China, and there are nonmetals such as salt and phosphorus. Hydraulic reserves account for 68% of the country. There are considerable coalfields in the border area of Guizhou, Yunnan and Sichuan, among which Guizhou is a major coal-producing province, ranking among the top provinces in the south of the Yangtze River. Sichuan and Guizhou provinces are also rich in natural gas. Southwest China is the second largest forest region in China, and its timber storage accounts for more than 20% of the country, second only to Northeast China. There are many mountains in this area, and the proportion of cultivated land in the country is the smallest.