Teachers' teaching serves students' learning, and the fundamental purpose of teachers is to teach students to learn. Fundamentally speaking, the teaching of classical Chinese is essentially to guide students to read classical Chinese.
Therefore, the reform of classical Chinese teaching method is to explore or create scientific and efficient reading methods. Here, combining with my own teaching practice, I introduce a more practical and programmed reading method of classical Chinese-five-step reading method.
First, the main objectives of pre-reading are: to read the pronunciation correctly, pause accurately and grasp the rhythm; Understand the common sense of writers' works; Grasp the basic content of the article as a whole. The specific method is: (1) refer to reference books and add notes to new words.
(2) Read the text clearly and accurately according to the teacher's model essay reading or text recording. (3) To understand the common sense of writers' works by combining written notes with Chinese reference books.
(4) Combine preview tips or self-reading tips to understand the text as a whole. (5) Grasp the basic content and stylistic features of the article by solving problems and reading the full text.
Second, the main goal of copying is: to be familiar with the text, to learn by yourself when in doubt, and to clarify the key points and difficulties of learning. The specific method is: (1) Tick out or copy the new words and famous sayings in the text.
(2) Tick or copy difficult sentences in the text. (3) Record the difficult problems when reading the text.
(4) Read or extract (or make a summary or catalogue) auxiliary materials related to the text. (5) Combine unit learning summary, text preview tips, thinking and practice to determine the key and difficult points of children's learning.
Thirdly, the main goal of interpretation is to perceive the content of the text through language analysis and grasp the author's views, attitudes or ideological tendencies expressed in the article. The specific way is: (1) Combining with the context, deeply understand the meaning of difficult words and sentences from the sentence structure and context.
(2) Using the common sense of ancient Chinese to analyze the special language phenomena in the text. (3) Translate (orally or in writing) the text or text fragments, so as to deeply grasp the article as a whole.
(4) Classroom discussion, implementation of key and difficult points, after-class analysis and answer the language training questions in Thinking and Practice. Fourthly, the main goal of reading is to appreciate the article from the aspects of ideological content, organizational structure, expression, language art and artistic style.
The specific approach is: (1) Starting from the stylistic features, grasp the basic features of the article as a "type" as a whole. (2) Comparative reading, analyzing the specific characteristics of the article and the author's artistic personality from the aspects of content and form.
(3) Guide students to consult literature, write Chinese compositions on important notional words, function words and grammar issues, consolidate knowledge and strengthen ability training. The main purpose of reading aloud is to deepen understanding, strengthen memory, enrich language, accumulate materials, train language sense and cultivate quality.
The specific way is: (1) On the basis of understanding, read aloud repeatedly and try to be familiar with it. (2) Read the taste aloud, recite famous articles, paragraphs and sentences, and remember them accurately.
(3) Expand reading, study the materials related to the article, and expand knowledge, so as to understand the text more comprehensively and deeply. (4) Organize study notes, write study summaries, and highlight key and difficult points.
(5) Guide reading or writing comments to cultivate sentiment.
2. How to master the writing method of classical Chinese as the carrier of traditional culture has played an important role in promoting the inheritance and development of national traditional culture. However, at present, there is a single and passive phenomenon in the way of Chinese students learning classical Chinese. Students lack the opportunity and ability of independent exploration, cooperative learning and independent acquisition of knowledge, which leads to difficulties in the learning process. How can we talk about the beauty of reading classical Chinese? At present, the new curriculum puts forward higher requirements for students' reading of classical Chinese, emphasizing that in the process of Chinese teaching, students should "know the richness and broadness of Chinese culture and absorb the wisdom of national culture". Therefore, it is really urgent to let students contact classical Chinese from junior high school, stimulate their interest in learning classical Chinese and improve their enthusiasm and autonomy in learning. Faced with this situation, what strategies can be adopted to meet the needs of "autonomous" learning? \x0d 1。 Pay attention to reading aloud, perceive the text, and change passive acceptance into active learning. \x0d "Chinese Curriculum Standard" requires that reading teaching in each learning period should attach importance to reading aloud: through reading aloud, students can directly and truly perceive the content of the text and understand the author's thoughts and feelings, which is an effective way to change students' learning from passive acceptance to active discovery. The seventh grade students first came into contact with classical Chinese in the first unit. They have some difficulties in implementing the meaning of words, phrases and sentences in the text, so it is particularly important for students to perceive the whole content of the text without literary translation and understand classical Chinese through repeated reading. In teaching design, teachers' analysis and explanation are no longer used to replace students' independent perception of the text, but reading aloud is regarded as an important means for students to learn and understand. According to the students' situation, the teaching level of classical Chinese reading is designed, and different requirements are put forward for each reading, so that the main problems such as emotional theme can be solved through reading, thus improving students' overall perception of the article. \x0d For example, Teaching Children Fun (the first volume of the seventh grade of People's Education Edition) can be designed as follows: \x0d 1 Reading: Students are required to be free to read the text, and they are required to recognize the glyphs and pronounce them correctly. For example, the events are (Wei), (Jiang) and (He). X0d 3 Reading: Students read the text together, thinking and understanding the author's childlike interest. Students look for sentences that express childlike interest, and then the teacher guides them to implement the meaning of classical Chinese. \x0d 4 Reading: Retell the contents of two pictures in the text in your own words. \ x0d 5 Reading: Look at the blackboard and try to describe the contents of these two pictures with sentences from the text. At this time, students can recite in class. It can be said that the most basic way to learn classical Chinese is reading. The best way is to read aloud, with emphasis on reading and difficulty in reading. However, reading is not an end. We should pay attention to the changes in reading, so that students can finally achieve the effect of "seeing what they mean" through the strategies of initial perception, aesthetic reading comprehension, reading evaluation, reading comprehension and using group reading. Reading is the starting point of learning classical Chinese. Reading is used to understand the text, combine one's own experience and background, and the openness of reading materials. Different students will make different interpretations of the text. Because they read the text clearly and think deeply, they will have the impulse to talk and communicate with others, and autonomous learning will naturally come. \x0d Second, provide a platform for interaction and cooperation, so that the awareness of autonomous learning can be maintained for a long time. \x0d The new syllabus and new curriculum reform require respect for students' individual differences, attention to students' personality development and permission to learn. Therefore, in the teaching process, teachers must avoid "concentrated learning" and carefully organize learning activities to provide students with an interactive learning platform. Through student-student cooperation, teacher-student cooperation, deskmate cooperation, group cooperation and class cooperation, every student's interest in learning and active participation can be maintained for a long time. In the specific classroom operation, we can use questioning-independent thinking-group discussion-representative speech to achieve *. X0d Third, expand reading and strengthen students' interest in reading extracurricular classical Chinese. \x0d 1。 Accumulate some ancient literary phenomena and historical knowledge. \x0d Ancient cultural phenomena refer to ancient etiquette (utensils, tools, customs, names, place names, etc. ), such as "Looking at the Stone" in "Looking at the Stone" (debate). These words are ancient cultural phenomena. For example, the story of Yueyang Tower can understand why Fan Zhongyan wrote the words "Let the government be harmonious and let everything prosper" before rebuilding Yueyang Tower. If students don't have basic historical knowledge, it is difficult to understand Fan Zhongyan's "difficulties", so it is particularly important to supplement this knowledge in class. \x0d 2。 Pay attention to the effective cohesion of ancient and modern meanings. X0d We can use modern Chinese to help students better grasp the meaning of classical Chinese. For example, we can talk about ancient Chinese knowledge in combination with students' favorite idioms: the word "fake" in "Preface to Dongyang" is translated into "borrow", and we can contact "Smith" to deepen students' impression. \x0d 3。 Pay attention to the cultivation of knowledge transfer ability. \ x0d3 Students should get. It is far from enough to rely on a few classical Chinese exercises in the textbook in class, so teachers should encourage students to read classical Chinese after class on the one hand, and let them do some classical Chinese exercises with appropriate difficulty related to the text on the other hand, so as to get twice the result with half the effort. \x0d 4。 There are many ways to improve the reading level of classical Chinese through writing. \ X0d can guide students to write "classical Chinese", give them certain materials, and let them express themselves in the form of classical Chinese. They don't pay attention to how clever the writing is, but only ask them to use the classical Chinese vocabulary they learned at school as much as possible. For another example, students are required to graft the artistic conception of ancient Chinese into the familiar reality in modern language, and organically link ancient Chinese with modern Chinese to realize the transformation of life.
3. What is the best way to recite classical Chinese? In junior high school, although students have mastered some classical Chinese and classical Chinese knowledge, after entering senior high school, they still have to be afraid of the long and complicated classical Chinese in senior high school textbooks, and they still can't learn.
So, how to learn classical Chinese, or what are the effective ways to learn classical Chinese? Generally speaking, to learn classical Chinese well, you must meet the following conditions: (1) recite a certain number of excellent classical Chinese paragraphs or chapters; (2) Master a certain number of notional words and commonly used function words in classical Chinese, and be familiar with special sentence patterns in classical Chinese; (3) Understand the reading methods of classical Chinese and some characteristics of writing; (4) Understand some ancient cultural knowledge and ancient stylistic knowledge. To achieve the above conditions, efforts must be made in the following aspects: 1. Cumulative 1. Accumulate rich knowledge of literature and history.
The selection of classical Chinese in the new textbooks can be said to be all-encompassing and ubiquitous, with equal emphasis on literature and aesthetics. From the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period to modern times, from Confucius to Sun Yat-sen in modern times, from quotations to biographies, from hundred schools of thought's essays to travel notes, it provides good materials for students to learn classical Chinese.
It is necessary to accumulate writers' works, historical books, cultural knowledge (ancient official positions, calendars, customs and habits) and historical allusions in order to better solve the problems in reading and learning. 2. Pay attention to the practice design of "discriminating the meanings of the following polysemous words" after the text, and accumulate words in classical Chinese.
The Chinese text of the new textbook is equipped with an exercise design of "distinguishing the meanings of the following polysemous words" Most of them train students to master the meaning, usage and ambiguity of content words from the perspective of content words in classical Chinese. For example, in the third exercise of the first volume of The Hongmen Banquet, the ambiguity of "cause, such as, lift, thank and meaning" is distinguished. The practice design of these polysemy phenomena can not be ignored in learning. On this basis, we can recognize, compare and identify one by one, grasp the rules, and summarize the meaning and usage of notional words.
3. Use examples of function words in the text to summarize and sort out the meaning and usage table of function words. The new syllabus lists *** 18 "Common Function Words in Classical Chinese", the number of which is obviously less than that in Classical Chinese, but the usage rate is very high. Although it has no practical significance, its grammatical function cannot be ignored.
Therefore, we should use the examples of function words in the text to sort out the meaning and usage of several function words in classical Chinese one by one, so as to use them flexibly in reading. For example, make a "short list of function words commonly used in classical Chinese", list several columns of "function words, part of speech, meaning and example sentences", fill them in carefully, and fill in the examples you see in your study at any time.
However, it should be noted that you should never memorize the meaning of the dictionary, because it is unfamiliar, but the words are familiar to us, so why give up familiarity and live? 4. Series of text examples, summarizing the rules of flexible use of special sentence patterns and parts of speech. When reading classical Chinese materials and translating sentences, you may encounter special sentence patterns and parts of speech.
If you can't understand some special usages in ancient times, such as attributive postposition, adverbial postposition, prepositional object, etc. It is possible that some sentences can't be read or translated smoothly. Therefore, we should also understand this point.
Second, reading aloud is the basic skill of learning classical Chinese. Only through repeated reading can we gain a relatively solid and rich perceptual knowledge.
The ancients said well: "If you are familiar with 300 Tang poems, you can recite them if you can't recite them." It means that if you read more and become familiar with it, you can enhance your sense of language, gradually understand the content of poetry, master the language rules of poetry, and then you can write your own poems.
Similarly, it is the same for us to learn ancient classical Chinese. Although the requirements for learning to write classical Chinese are not very high, regular reading will be of great benefit to improving the reading ability of classical Chinese.
The so-called reading means reading aloud and reading the text repeatedly on the basis of initial understanding, and gradually deepening understanding until you can recite it. This is an effective and good way for the ancients to learn classical Chinese.
So, how can we read and learn classical Chinese well today? 1. With the help of notes, complete the rough reading task when previewing the text. The primary task of rough reading is to dredge the text, and then perceive the text on this basis, and grasp the structure of the text as a whole.
Combined with notes, read it two or three times according to the context, or even guess it blindly, you should be able to understand the text. In rough reading, you should draw difficult words for discussion in class.
2. Use reference books to question and solve difficult problems. Through intensive reading, we should be able to pronounce, make sentences and break sentences correctly, use reference books to solve difficult problems encountered in rough reading, analyze the structure of the article and improve our understanding of the content of the article. 3. Read the text intensively and try to read the tone, intonation and rhythm when you are familiar with it.
Through intensive reading, we can deeply comprehend and understand the work, feel the emotion of the article and grasp the characteristics of the article. We should be familiar with reading, strengthen the learning effect of classical Chinese vocabulary, and deepen our understanding of the content and structure of the text.
We should consciously improve our literary appreciation and evaluation ability. Third, understanding is the analysis, identification and comparison of oneself, even including speculation.
Senior high school students can understand a simple classical Chinese with annotations, which is basically understandable, which has a basis for understanding; If you are not sure about something at the moment, you might as well assume an explanation according to the context, and then consult a reference book or ask a teacher for advice. This method was originally called "opposing will with will" or "understanding will with will".
Learning classical Chinese should focus on understanding. After forming the habit of understanding, picking up classical Chinese is like entering a familiar language environment. Even if you encounter some difficult words and sentences, it is not difficult to solve them as long as you spend a little effort to look them up.
The key to understanding is to master the usage of a large number of notional words and some commonly used function words, and to be good at using the context to deduce its meaning in this sentence from the original meaning or common meaning of the word. Understanding can't be completed at one time, but there must be new content every time. It is necessary to correct the incorrect components in the previous understanding and go further on the basis of the original correct understanding: from dredging the context of the text and asphalt articles to accurately grasping the main idea of the full text, the author is good at understanding originality.
The above three complement each other and are interrelated. They are not only the unity of perceptual knowledge and rational knowledge, but also the unity of memory and understanding.
Their unity lies in: understanding and accumulation are helpful to be familiar with reading and reciting.
4. A good way to read classical Chinese is to open a library member at least 0.27 yuan to view the complete content > Original Publisher: Zhao (2) The method of comparing reading and problem-solving skills in classical Chinese. The study of classical Chinese should enable students to "read ancient poems, read simple classical Chinese, and understand the basic content with notes and reference books.
Pay attention to accumulation, perception and application, improve your taste, and recite 80 excellent poems (paragraphs). Classical Chinese test questions should pay attention to students' memorization accumulation, and whether they can understand the theme of poetry with the help of notes and reference books.
? 1. In-class and out-of-class extension, comparative reading has become an important examination form. ? From 2004 to 2006, it is not difficult for us to find its development track-at the beginning of the entrance examination of the new curriculum standard, we often use the way of in-class paragraphs to test the implementation of knowledge and ability in classical Chinese teaching from the aspects of words, sentences and word meaning understanding, with the aim of guiding us to lay a solid foundation; Then use extracurricular reading of classical Chinese to guide the study and application of classical Chinese, and gradually transition to the direction of using the knowledge and skills mastered in class to solve the problem of extracurricular reading of classical Chinese.
This shows that the new curriculum examination attaches importance to examining the development direction of our ability to transform knowledge into problem solving. In this transformation, comparative reading is an important form to connect knowledge in and out of class and promote transfer. It can be a comparative reading of two (paragraphs) of classical Chinese materials in class, or a comparative reading of one (paragraph) of classical Chinese materials inside and outside class.
2. The content of the exam is still based on words, and it also tests the understanding of the content. ? The contents of the examination are: (1) the original word, pronunciation and meaning of the interchangeable word; The meaning of notional words commonly used in classical Chinese; The usage of common function words in classical Chinese: the translation of important sentences and the understanding of the main content of paragraphs.
There are three main types of questions:? Classical Chinese exams are generally subjective questions, and there are many open questions. There are several forms of open proposition: ① Appreciation of famous sentences.
For example, "think everything.
5. A good way to recite classical Chinese. Many classical Chinese texts in junior high school Chinese textbooks are required to be recited.
These words are written by celebrities and are very representative. Proficient recitation is of great benefit to us in learning the text, improving our writing ability and cultivating our sense of language. When many students recite the text, they just read it mechanically from beginning to end, and it takes a lot of effort to recite it. When they want to recall one of the sentences, they often have to start from scratch. Or memorize it temporarily, and after a long time, you will forget it all and you will not be able to use it.
How can we quickly remember, firmly remember and get twice the result with half the effort? This is an effective way to improve the efficiency of memory, in addition to tenacious learning perseverance, pay attention to scientific recitation methods. First, grasp the key words and recite the key words here. First of all, it refers to the leading word of a sentence. Reciting often encounters such a situation: a classical Chinese text that can be memorized is often stuck at the beginning of a paragraph when it is recited again. At this time, if someone prompts the guide word, it can be recited quickly.
This shows that guiding words can induce thinking and help memory. Second, it refers to the key verbs that are easy to associate with the supporting points of reciting content.
For example, by reciting the sentences in Born in Worry and Died in Happiness, we can grasp the words "bitterness", "tiredness", "hunger", "emptiness" and "confusion". According to this idea, it is not only helpful to remember, but also beneficial to the extraction and application of materials in the future.
Second, use words and pictures to recite some words. The scenery is picturesque and the characters are vivid. After reading the text, the pictures in the text naturally appear in your mind like a focal plane, thus producing associative memory.
6. Guidance on Reading Methods of Classical Chinese 2009-06-04 20:5 1 The lecturer Xiao Classical Chinese plays an important role in cultivating students' love for the language and culture of the motherland, improving their self-cultivation, cultivating noble sentiments and inheriting traditional culture.
In recent years, the basic articles in class are mostly used as reading materials for the selected passages of classical Chinese reading questions, and the easy-to-understand articles are used as reading materials for extracurricular reading. Generally speaking, whether in class or after class, we pay attention to the examination of reading transfer ability.
The knowledge examined mainly involves the following aspects: ① Read the text thoroughly and master the sentence reading of the text. ② Understand common notional words and function words, and understand the general idea of the sentence.
③ Understand the thoughts and feelings contained in the text. ④ Understand the main artistic features and expressive techniques of the text.
How to read classical Chinese? The methods are as follows: First, clear the obstacles and understand the meaning. Reading the full text of classical Chinese after class is particularly important, because it is the premise of doing well in the examination questions. So how can we do this step well? The first is the overall reading. Read through, browse or skip the full text first, and get a general understanding of the style of classical Chinese excerpts.
If it is a narrative, it is necessary to find out "when, where, who and what, and what is the result." At this time, don't expect to read the whole text at once and get entangled in some difficult words, but put it down temporarily and circle the marks in the corresponding places in the text.
Then we should be good at using it and try to figure out the meaning. The proposer of classical Chinese will give some notes, which can often bring great help to solving problems.
For example, in the senior high school entrance examination in Yangzhou in 2006, there was a saying, "You can get the shape by touching the candle, and you will think it is tomorrow." With the help of the notes in brackets, it is much easier for candidates to understand the meaning of the text.
To understand the meaning of the text, you can also quickly browse the requirements of the test questions, especially the multiple-choice questions in the content summary category. After careful reading, you can understand the general content of the full text, because one of these questions is often inconsistent with the original text, and the other three are all correct. Even if there are mistakes, it is often a detail problem. Then, by reading such questions, you will immediately understand the content of the full text, and then read the original text, which will be more effective and easier.
The third is to reread the text. After the first two steps, candidates have been able to understand 70% to 80% of the articles and have a direction of thinking. Therefore, when reading again, they can recognize the full text from a higher level and correct the deviations in the first two steps.
When you encounter a difficult paragraph, you should read it through repeatedly, so that "words can't be separated from sentences, sentences can't be separated from texts, and you can grasp it as a whole", and use various means to deduce before and after to complete the interpretation process. Second, lay a solid foundation and apply what you have learned to word interpretation and sentence translation, which are all required questions in classical Chinese. To answer these questions well, we must rely on daily accumulation.
In recent years, the classical Chinese test questions have examined the interpretation of typical notional words. When encountering these notional words, candidates should first recall whether there is this word in the classical Chinese they have studied before. If so, does its meaning make sense here? For example, in the examination questions of Weifang Middle School in 2006, there was a request to explain the word "Jue" in "Moonlight You Ching". Although this sentence comes from extracurricular, it has been learned in class, and candidates should think of "oral scene". In 2006, the interpretation of the word "yes" appeared in the senior high school entrance examination in Jiangxi Province. Looking back on what we have learned, there are two explanations about "Shi", one is the judgment verb, and the other is the pronoun "this", such as "Shi Nian" and "Shi Ri". Obviously, the definition of "yes" here is "this".
If it doesn't make sense in class and it is difficult to judge, we should infer its exact meaning from the perspective of judging the part of speech by using glyph analysis or syntactic analysis of the sentence where the word is located according to the specific context. The meaning of some notional words cannot be correctly explained according to their own usage, so we should consider their usage or flexibility.
For example, we have learned two meanings of the word "pawn" in the sentence "because of pawn", which is translated as "finally" in "pawn depends on the man" (Zhao Pu) and "all pianists are dead" as "died a month later", but it is meaningless to use it in this sentence, and it is obviously not a noun "soldier". Sometimes, the mid-term exam topics will also involve the usage of commonly used function words. Although there are many function words, they are nothing more than "zhi", "qi" and "er", which requires us to remember the basic meaning and main usage of commonly used function words, such as "zhi". There are "structural auxiliary words, de", "pronouns, referring to people or things" and "used in the subject" in junior high schools.
The translation of classical Chinese sentences should be mainly literal translation, supplemented by free translation, grasping the key words in sentences, translating word by word, and doing well in leaving, supplementing, deleting, modifying and adjusting. The translation methods of classical Chinese generally include: ① Stay.
That is to say, people's names, place names, official names or words with the same meaning as modern Chinese are retained. 2 make up.
That is, to supplement monosyllabic words with disyllabic words, or to supplement ellipsis. 3 delete.
That is, delete function words that do not need to be translated. 4 change.
That is, replace ancient Chinese words with modern Chinese words with the same meaning. ⑤ Tuning.
That is, adjust the word order or word order to make it conform to the habits of modern Chinese. Third, the overall perception, trying to figure out the highlight of the classical Chinese test questions is the general analysis of the paragraph content and the inquiry test questions. This kind of test questions are mainly investigated from the following aspects: 1. Fill in the blanks with the original sentences. For example, in the examination questions of Fuzhou Middle School in 2006, "Zou Ji first used personal experience as a metaphor, then compared family affairs with state affairs, and finally came to a conclusion, which made Wang Qi accept his suggestion with conviction.
Since then, the King of Qi has made great achievements in opening up roads and improving politics. "This kind of question is relatively simple, as long as you grasp the overall situation, grasp the key points, grasp the central sentence, find the key sentences according to the stylistic characteristics, and clarify the level of the article.
On the basis of grasping the main points and centers, it is enough to analyze and judge the details and find the main information. The second is to understand and remember the feelings expressed by the author.
7. Is there any good way to recite classical Chinese? Personally, I think we should read more endorsements, but how to read them?
& lt 1 & gt； ; When reading, try to associate the scene with the method of association.
& lt2 & gt； You can read it sentence by sentence. Of course, if you have a better memory, you can recite it paragraph by paragraph. If the article is too long, it will be solid bit by bit, that is, a paragraph by paragraph. After reciting two paragraphs, you can recite it again. .. and so on. Recite it all, and you can recite it after reading it a few more times.
& lt3 & gt； It is best to find something you think can be related in the main text and then expand it.
& lt4 & gt； We should grasp the main points or central ideas.
8. A good way to read classical Chinese Original Publishing House: Zhao
(B) Classical Chinese comparative reading methods and problem-solving skills
Grasp knowledge points
The study of classical Chinese should enable students to "read ancient poetry and simple classical Chinese with the help of notes and reference books, and understand the basic content." Pay attention to accumulation, perception and application, improve your taste, and recite 80 excellent poems (paragraphs). Classical Chinese test questions should pay attention to students' memorization accumulation, and whether they can understand the theme of poetry with the help of notes and reference books. ?
1. In-class and out-of-class extension, comparative reading has become an important examination form. ?
From 2004 to 2006, it is not difficult for us to find its development track-at the beginning of the entrance examination of the new curriculum standard, we often use the way of in-class paragraphs to test the implementation of knowledge and ability in classical Chinese teaching from the aspects of words, sentences and word meaning understanding, with the aim of guiding us to lay a solid foundation; Then use extracurricular classical Chinese reading to guide the study and application of classical Chinese, and make inferences from others, and gradually transition to the direction of using the knowledge and skills mastered in class to solve the problem of extracurricular classical Chinese reading. This shows that the new curriculum examination attaches importance to examining the development direction of our ability to transform knowledge into problem solving. In this transformation, comparative reading is an important form to connect knowledge in and out of class and promote transfer. It can be a comparative reading of two (paragraphs) of classical Chinese materials in class, or a comparative reading of one (paragraph) of classical Chinese materials inside and outside class.
2. The content of the exam is still based on words, and it also tests the understanding of the content. ?
The contents of the examination are: (1) the original word, pronunciation and meaning of the interchangeable word; The meaning of notional words commonly used in classical Chinese; The usage of common function words in classical Chinese: the translation of important sentences and the understanding of the main content of paragraphs. There are three main types of questions:? Classical Chinese exams are generally subjective questions, and there are many open questions. There are several forms of open proposition: ① Appreciation of famous sentences. For example, "think that everyone