Research on whole process management
This paper analyzes the present situation and existing problems of freight car maintenance management, and puts forward to control the number of maintenance cars and parking time by means of information technology.
Omni-directional, whole process monitoring, so as to achieve continuous dynamic control of maintenance vehicles and improve the use efficiency of vehicles.
Keywords: truck; Overhaul; Management; informatization
Freight car maintenance management is the index of railway transportation production and management.
An important content involved is also the focus of technical management of railway freight cars.
Want content. Maintenance vehicle management mainly considers four factors, namely, maintenance system,
Maintenance capacity and layout, number of maintenance vehicles and transportation organization.
1 Management Status of Maintenance Vehicles
In 200 1 year, the Ministry of Railways re-formulated and issued the "Iron
The Transport Bureau of the Ministry of Railways also promulgated and implemented the Statistical Rules for Road Freight Cars in 2002.
The introduction of "Working Rules for Railway Vehicle Dispatching" makes the maintenance vehicle management system more perfect.
It's time to strengthen. In terms of management means, with the development of railway freight car technology in recent years,
Management information system (HMIS), automatic car number recognition system (AEI),
AEI at the entrance of the factory has been built and applied one after another, and the management of railway freight cars
The degree of informatization has been significantly improved, and the data collection, statistics and reporting of vehicle maintenance have been improved.
This work completely changed the traditional manual way and realized automation.
Change. On this basis, from 2002 to now, the maintenance of vehicles has been quantified.
The formulation, adjustment and monitoring of maintenance vehicles have been improved.
1. 1 Maintenance of vehicles is more scientific.
The number of maintenance vehicles is mainly determined according to the maintenance tasks and downtime.
The practice of calculating the number of overhauled vehicles according to the empirical value of overhaul rate has been changed.
When formulating the maintenance task, the Railway Bureau comprehensively considers the production capacity and application of vehicle maintenance.
Factors such as quantity and management level make the maintenance quantity more in line with the actual situation.
Situation, with superior guidance. The quantitative calculation method of vehicle maintenance is as follows:
NDC =∑NDC ij =∑(∑w I×TDI/d)j =∑(w 1×
td 1/d+w2×td2/d)j
ndl =∑ndlij+nhc =∑(∑w I×TDI/d)j+nhc =
∑(w 1×TD 1/d+w2×td2/d+w3×td3/d+w4×
Td4/d)j+nhc formula: NDC, NDL—— maintenance vehicles of the repair shop and the railway bureau respectively.
Quantitative;
Ndcij and ndlij—— J-type vehicles of the maintenance factory and the railway bureau respectively.
Class I repair (1 factory repair, 2 repair,
3 vehicles for minor repairs and 4 vehicles for temporary repairs) Number of vehicles for maintenance;
W- maintenance tasks;
Td—— Rated downtime;
D-working days;
Nhc- quantity to be delivered.
1.2 quantitative adjustment of maintenance vehicles is timely.
Adjust the number of maintenance vehicles in time according to the increase or decrease of maintenance tasks,
In addition, in 2003 and 2004, by adopting working days and rest.
Japan implements different quantitative methods for maintaining vehicles and strengthens the control of maintaining vehicles.
Some useful explorations and attempts have been made in this regard.
1.3 Monitoring of Remaining Quantity of Overhauled Vehicles
Through the statistics and analysis of the number of maintenance vehicles, strengthen daily monitoring.
And control the excess in accordance with the relevant measures of the Ministry of Railways.
System.
2 Analysis of the problems existing in the current vehicle maintenance management
At present, the phenomenon of over-quantification of maintenance vehicles still occurs from time to time, indicating that it is under maintenance.
There are some uncontrollable factors in vehicle management. Through analysis,
Management system, quantitative calculation, process management and monitoring of overhaul vehicles
There are still some problems.
2. 1 The maintenance vehicle management system needs to be further improved.
In 200 1 year, the Ministry of Railways re-formulated the statistical rules for railway freight cars.
Both return inspection and stay time are included in the statistics of truck inspection.
However, the relevant forms and documents have not been modified accordingly, so they have been maintained.
The definition of car is not exact, and the definition of parking time is not complete.
2. The definition of1.1returned vehicle for maintenance is not accurate enough.
According to the current statistical rules, automobile series -23 is the basis of automobile maintenance statistics.
According to the report, the train inspector will issue it when detaining the car; Chetong-26 is a statistical return test.
The basis of repairing cars. Therefore, for the maintenance vehicles that need to be returned, the vehicles are detained at the vehicle detention place.
The point should be filled in the train system -23, and after signing, the station will be counted as the maintenance car, and then
To the railway bureau or the Ministry of Railways issued a freight car dispatching order, issued.
Car system -26, as the basis for statistical return visits to repair vehicles. But the current report
The content and usage of the document have not been modified accordingly, because the car
Tong -36 is the basis for canceling Tong -23, and the repaired vehicle is sent back for maintenance.
After the station where the land is located, the depot should also fill in the train system according to the requirements of the station-
23, therefore, in the actual operation, make the loopback maintenance car in the position of the car,
Inconsistent procedures and distribution in the return and arrival links of the station where the maintenance site is located.
If the documents are inconsistent, some of them will be sent back to the maintenance vehicle for issuance 1 time -23 (withheld).
System-23 was not filled in when driving, which violated the statistical law), and some filled in 2.
The second train system -23 (the second train system -23 is not issued by the train inspection personnel.
Release, in violation of statistical rules).
2. 1.2 The definition of parking time is not complete.
Because the current statistical rules do not clearly stipulate that the returned maintenance vehicles are
Train system -23 needs to be filled in when the car is detained, and it will be filled in when it arrives at the maintenance site.
Train system -23, and the statistical rules stipulate that the stop time is the station in the car.
From the signing time of Tong-23 to the signing time of Chetong -36 delivery station.
All along, the parking time does not include the time to return the car, but to return the car for maintenance.
The car in the detention station was changed from a used car to a non-used car, so it was time to return the car.
It should belong to parking time. Due to the incomplete definition of parking time, it is made up of
There are blind spots in the statistics, monitoring and management of pairing loopback time, which is not conducive to the progress.
Improve vehicle use efficiency in one step.
2.2 The quantitative calculation method of vehicle maintenance needs to be further improved.
The factors that affect the quantitative accuracy of vehicle maintenance mainly include two aspects.
Surface, that is, the predicted number of scheduled maintenance tasks and downtime.
2.2. 1 There is an error in the predicted number of scheduled maintenance tasks.
The number of regular maintenance tasks is the key to determine the quality of maintenance.
Element, its consistency with the number of expired and expired vehicles in the future,
In other words, the accuracy of the predicted regular maintenance tasks will directly affect the inspection.
Accuracy of quantitative calculation of automobile repair. If the number of scheduled maintenance tasks is greater than no
In order to determine the number of expired and expired vehicles, the number of maintenance vehicles will be
Larger, at the same time, it will increase the difficulty of detaining cars and completing tasks, which will promote maintenance.
Many cars are detained at the beginning of the month, which leads to the imbalance of daily maintenance vehicles; regular
The number of maintenance tasks is less than the number of vehicles due and overdue in the future.
The amount of maintenance will be small, because it is easier to detain the car, and there will be picky.
Car buckle phenomenon, resulting in a backlog of overdue cars and seriously damaged cars.
There is an error in the number of scheduled maintenance tasks, mainly because
Limitations of forecasting methods. HMIS was built and put into use after 2003.
Prior to this, the prediction of maintenance tasks can only be done manually, because it is large
Some state-owned railway freight cars have no fixed assignment, so it is difficult to check the maintenance history of vehicles.
Query, so only according to the number of trucks, vehicle composition, maintenance cycle, etc.
A rough estimate; In the early days of HMIS, recorded vehicle maintenance shoes
The calendar is incomplete, so the annual maintenance task calculated on this basis has great error.
Poor, more can't accurately predict the monthly maintenance tasks. Based on this calculation,
The number of maintenance vehicles is an average, but the actual periodic inspection of each month has expired.
The number of reserved cars is not balanced, which leads to the difference between the number of maintenance cars and the number of each month.
The actual number of expired vehicles does not match.
2.2.2 The rated downtime is an estimate, and it is not decomposed by stages.
The parking time t refers to the sign of the maintenance vehicle on the vehicle system -23 from the station.
All the time from the word to the time when Chetong -36 was handed over to the station for signature. while
When the impounding place and the repair place are not in the same station, they need to be returned in the same place.
There is no need to return at one stop. The turn-off time can be expressed as follows:
t=t
H+tn (when loopback is required);
Ts+tn (when loopback is not required).
Where: th-return time;
TN-time in the factory;
Ts- waiting time.
It can be seen that there are many factors that affect the parking time, especially for cars.
For a department, most factors that affect the return time are uncontrollable, and for those uncontrollable factors,
The same maintenance unit, different maintenance processes, different parking spaces, when returning the car.
Therefore, it is also different from time to time to determine the rated surplus of different models for different repair procedures.
It's hard.
At present, the rated downtime used to calculate the maintenance amount is an estimate.
Quantity, to a certain extent, affects the quantitative accuracy of vehicle maintenance. That is to say,
In other words, the maintenance units that mainly rely on loopback and do not rely on loopback are actually resting.
The time difference between cars is very large, if the same rated parking time is used to calculate the inspection.
Quantitative repair of the car will result in deviation.
In addition, the quota of vehicle maintenance is not based on the time when the vehicle stops running.
Further refinement of each stage is not conducive to finding problems in a targeted manner.
Improve management.
2.3 The management of each node in the whole process of vehicle maintenance lacks contact and control.
At present, during the release of Vehicle System -23 to Vehicle System -36, the maintenance vehicles are under inspection.
There is still a lack of effective links such as car detention, car return, maintenance, acceptance and handover.
Monitor and guide, and every link is out of control and it is possible to repair the car.
Overall management has an impact.
2.3. 1 The prediction mechanism of vehicle inspection is not perfect.
After the implementation of the network car detention, it played an important role in treating expired and invalid cars.
Important role, but because most railway vehicles and transportation departments do not
The enjoyment of information has been realized, but the prediction mechanism of car detention has not been established and made feasible.
In the scheme of car impoundment, the situation of car impoundment subject to traffic restrictions has not been fundamentally changed.
Cause the imbalance of train buckle.
2.3.2 In the loop-back link, the statistical sum of loop-back maintenance vehicles is not realized.
class monitor
According to the location classification, maintenance vehicles can be divided into in-segment (in-plant) inspections.
Repair the car and send it back to the maintenance car, including sending it back for inspection.
Factory maintenance, sent back to the garage (maintenance workshop). Because some of the maintenance vehicles in the factory come from the local railway bureau and some from other places.
Railway bureau, so there are quite a few factory repair vehicles need to be returned, especially
Special vehicles need long-distance cross-bureau return. For Duan Xiu, in order to meet the needs of luck.
It is also necessary to detain the car after unloading at the unloading place.
Send it back to the maintenance workshops distributed in the central area. Previously, due to limited conditions,
Due to restrictions, the vehicle department can't count, analyze and supervise the returned maintenance vehicles.
Control, this part of the data mainly comes from the statistics of the transportation department, and its accuracy is not.
Verifiable.
2.3.3 Lack of analysis and monitoring during repair, acceptance and handover.
Lack of analysis and monitoring in maintenance, acceptance and handover will lead to problems.
The maintenance vehicles have been out of service for a long time in the section (factory), and there are old and disabled vehicles, which affects the driving of vehicles.
The use efficiency of the car.
2.4 Maintenance vehicle management monitoring and early warning information level is low.
2.4. 1 The functions of the existing information system need to be expanded urgently.
In recent years, great achievements have been made in vehicle informatization construction, and some accumulation has also been made.
Tired of a lot of basic materials, but the software function is in urgent need of expansion. For example,
At present, the main function of section (factory) level and railway bureau-level HMIS system is to record
In, upload and query, as well as the analysis of the number of maintenance vehicles and downtime are mainly
Rely on various ledgers, records, etc. , if the relevant data resources are entered.
Line integration, further improving the analysis function, will significantly improve the railway administration, cars.
Management level of vehicle maintenance in rolling stock depot and workshop.
2.4.2 The enjoyment of relevant information is low.
In the current vehicle dispatching system, all kinds of data for vehicle maintenance are composed of vehicles.
Section (maintenance workshop), maintenance factory uploaded to the railway bureau, the railway bureau after the summary.
Upload to the Ministry of Railways; In HMIS, vehicles such as automobile series -23 and automobile series -36 are composed of vehicles.
Section (maintenance workshop) is uploaded to the railway bureau, railway bureau and maintenance factory to upload iron.
Daobu
A great deal of information needed to manage these maintenance vehicles has not been thoroughly studied.
Processing, comprehensive analysis and feedback processing. On the one hand, it caused a lot of letters.
Waste of information resources; On the other hand, it cannot be mentioned to the railway bureau and the factory.
And the maintenance unit does not pay attention to the input of relevant information,
Uploads, such as Chetong -23 and Chetong -26, are everywhere in HMIS.
The phenomenon of incomplete information entry.
2.5 Maintenance and repair vehicle control content has less monitoring on old and disabled vehicles.
At present, an important means to regulate and control maintenance vehicles in Japan is to overload maintenance vehicles.
In the quantitative part of the assessment, the control content focuses on the number of vehicles to be repaired, and
Ignore parking time. The monitoring of old and disabled cars is weak and can't be done.
Effectively prevent and eliminate old and broken cars.
3 Using information technology to improve the management of vehicle maintenance
It is a problem worthy of attention to realize the fine management and dynamic control of maintenance vehicles.
Moreover, it has a wide range and many working links in the system. First of all, in the management system
Face, take advantage of the recent revision of the "statistical rules for railway freight cars" opportunity, will be overhauled.
Scientifically define and improve the contents involved in vehicle management; On the other hand,
It is also urgent to establish an information management system for vehicle maintenance.
Systematic, whole process management and monitoring, so as to strengthen the railway bureau, car
The guidance of the locomotive depot and the maintenance factory not only ensures the comprehensive completion of various maintenance tasks.
Service, but also to maximize the compression of vehicle maintenance time and quantity, improve the car.
Utilization rate of vehicles.
3. 1 Scientifically define the relevant contents of vehicle maintenance.
3. 1. 1 Clearly define the return of vehicles for maintenance and improve the use of relevant documents.
It is suggested that when revising the statistical rules of railway freight cars, the return of goods should be clearly stipulated.
The maintenance vehicle belongs to the maintenance vehicle, and the returned maintenance vehicle shall be detained, returned and inspected.
The procedures and certificate issuance of the station where the land is repaired are unified.
It lays a foundation for the information management of vehicle maintenance. For documents that are not currently reported
To adapt to the status quo, the part should be modified accordingly, and the car system -36 should be cancelled.
The foundation of Chetong -23 or Chetong -26. For repairs that need to be returned.
Train system -23 should be filled in at the place where the car is detained, waiting for the railway bureau or the Ministry of Railways.
The maintenance vehicle sends back the dispatching command and issues car system-26 as statistical feedback.
The basis of vehicle maintenance, after the return maintenance vehicle arrives at the maintenance site, the depot does not
Need to fill in the train system -23.
Parking time is as stated in Article 2.2.2. Where the loop-back time refers to
At the impounding place, the time from 23: 00 to entering the maintenance unit (and
A EI's shall be subject to the time when A EI records its passage, the same below).
Ministry time; Waiting time refers to the time from issuing the train system to entering the inspection.
All the time when the unit is repaired, and the time in the period (factory) refers to self-inspection.
Time from unit repair to release of Train System -36 (accepted in HMIS records)
Subject to the confirmation time).
3. 1.2 Improve the statistics of returning maintenance vehicles, and eliminate the blind spot of maintenance vehicle management.
It is suggested that the return inspection should be made clear when revising the statistical rules of railway freight cars.
The time of car use and return is counted by the transportation department, and the time of in-service (factory) is determined by the vehicle.
Department statistics, in order to promote the traffic and vehicle departments to improve management, through compression
The downtime can reduce the number of vehicles to be repaired and improve the efficiency of vehicles.
Purpose. Among them, the number of vehicles returned for maintenance is one of the transportation reports -2.
The content is counted separately, and the return time of overhaul vehicles is used as the efficiency of freight car operation.
The indicators are included in the transportation report -5 for separate statistics, and the maintenance vehicle stay time will be sent back.
Included in the transport report -4 separate statistics.
3.2 Overall Scheme of Maintenance Vehicle Information Management System
The maintenance vehicle information management system includes the establishment and inspection of the maintenance vehicle quota.
The whole process of automobile maintenance monitoring, automobile maintenance early warning, automobile maintenance evaluation, etc.
See figure 1 for system association.
In the system, the maintenance tasks are calculated monthly and the daily scheduled departure is calculated.
Number, and then according to the calculation of the rated period (factory) time, rated return time,
Calculate the rated waiting time for the quantitative inspection and return inspection of the maintenance vehicles in the section (factory).
Quantitative repair and quantitative repair of vehicles to be dispatched. According to the workshop (factory) where the maintenance is located
Quantity, number of vehicles returned for maintenance, number of vehicles to be sent for maintenance, sector (factory) quota.
Time, rated return time and rated waiting time respectively affect the number of vehicles to be repaired.
And carry out full-process monitoring and automatic early warning. According to a certain period of time, in the period (factory) time, return time, to send.
Time monitoring results, timely correction of rated in
Section (factory) time, rated return time and rated value
Time to send, and then in the workshop (factory) for correction and maintenance.
Quantification of vehicles, quantification of vehicles returned for maintenance and waiting for inspection.
Fix the car quantitatively. Therefore, the system not only has the function of checking
The function of automatic formulation and correction of automobile repair quota,
Make the quantitative maintenance of vehicles more accurate, and
Full-process monitoring and automatic early warning of maintenance vehicles.
Function, strengthen the railway bureau, repair shop.
Guiding function.
3.3 Improve the quantitative formulation method of vehicle maintenance.
Scientifically and reasonably formulate the vehicle maintenance quota.
It is the basis of implementing maintenance management and maintenance.
The calculation of service and rated downtime is to formulate maintenance vehicles.
Therefore, the quantitative emphasis must be improved in maintenance.
Service and shutdown algorithm, establish maintenance.
Automatic prediction system of service and self-service time
Dynamic measurement system.
3.3. 1 Improve the forecasting method of maintenance tasks,
Establish an automatic forecasting system
3.3. 1. 1 Annual Maintenance Task Forecast
Use the car in HMIS at the end of each year.
Technical resume information, vehicle type.
The inspection cycle predicts whether each vehicle will undergo regular maintenance in the next year.
Measure, and then remit money according to the maintenance process, vehicle type and expected due time.
Total, that is, the number of maintenance tasks per month.
3.3. 1.2 Monthly Maintenance Task Forecast
In ord to match that number of vehicle to be serviced with the actual monthly maintenance tasks,
At the end of each month, check the information of expired cars and scheduled expired cars next month.
Test, get the expected number of tasks for routine maintenance next month, and then allocate them in proportion.
The estimated number of tasks per month of the railway bureau and each factory, and the maintenance quota formulated accordingly.
Will be more accurate.
3.3.2 Automatic measurement system for rated downtime
Automatic determination system of rated downtime based on HMIS and segmentation
An EI records a large number of information related to vehicle maintenance at the gate (factory) for statistical scoring.
Analysis, respectively, to determine the amount of regular (factory) repair time and factory repair, repair quantity.
By setting the return time and rated waiting time, you can get the factory repair and section of each model.
Rated downtime for repairs. Because it is not installed at the entrance of the station repair shop at present.
A EI, while minor repairs, temporary repairs and maintenance vehicles generally do not need to be sent back long distances, and the downtime is relatively short.
Short, the rated rest time can be mastered according to the current 24 h, and it will not be decomposed for the time being.
Determination of time in warehouse (factory)
Use automatic identification equipment at the entrance of the road section (factory), and repair it according to the vehicle type.
Cheng analyzed and counted the data of the workshop (factory) for a period of time and put it into practice.
The weighted average value is used as the rated in-service (ex-factory) time of each repair process of each vehicle type.