According to the growth of underground stems, bamboo plants can be divided into three ecotypes, namely, uniaxial scattered type, combined axis tufted type and combined axis mixed type. There are many kinds of bamboos, including more than 500 in China, most of which can be found in gardens. Common cultivated ornamental bamboos are: Phyllostachys pubescens, Phyllostachys pubescens, Phyllostachys pubescens, Phyllostachys pubescens, Phyllostachys pubescens, Phyllostachys bambusa, Bambusa bambusa, etc. Bambusauentricosa and Phyllostachys pubescens, mixed Indocalamus and Phyllostachys pubescens, etc.
Most bamboos like warm and humid climate. The average annual temperature of bamboo forests in Fuzhou Forest Park is 12C ~ 22c, and the annual precipitation is 1000mm ~ 2000mm. Bamboo needs more water than temperature and soil. It should have enough water and a good drainage system. The adaptability of scattered bamboo is stronger than that of clustered bamboo. Because scattered bamboo shoots basically in spring, bamboo has been fully lignified before winter, and it has strong adaptability to adverse climatic conditions such as drought and cold, and its requirements for soil are lower than those of clustered bamboo and miscellaneous bamboo. The underground stems of clustered bamboos and miscellaneous bamboos are shallow in the soil, and the shoot emergence period is in summer and autumn. Hsinchu could not be completely lignified and could not stand the cold and drought, so the growth in the north was generally limited, and their requirements for soil were higher than those of scattered bamboo.
Different types of bamboo species have different propagation methods. Generally, the buds on the bamboo bags, branches and stems of clustered bamboos have reproductive ability, so methods such as moving bamboo, burying bamboo, burying bamboo and cutting branches can be adopted. However, the stems and branches of scattered bamboo have no reproductive ability, and only the buds on bamboo residues can develop into bamboo whips and bamboos, so methods such as moving bamboo and whips are often used for reproduction.
Propagation of clustered bamboo and mixed bamboo;
1. Bamboo transfer method (planting by individual plants) Select vigorous 1 ~ 2-year-old bamboo poles, dig out the soil at the periphery 25 cm ~ 30 cm away from the pole body, find out its stalks, then cut off the stalks with a sharp chisel and dig them out with soil. Small bamboos can be dug out in clusters of 3-5 poles.
2. Choose strong bamboo piles by burying piles, poles and joints, leave a bamboo pile with a length of 30 cm ~ 40 cm on it, bury it obliquely in the planting hole, and cover it with soil 15 cm ~ 20 cm. When burying a bamboo pole, cut off the side branches of each node, leaving only the main branch L ~ 2 nodes as the material for burying the pole or node. When buried, the ditch is 20 cm ~ 30 cm deep. Put the buds on the nodes on both sides. The bottom of the rod is slightly lower and the tip is slightly higher. Leaning slightly in the ditch, covered with 10 cm ~ 15 cm soil. Slightly higher than the ground, then cover with grass to moisturize. In order to promote the rooting of bamboo shoots with hidden buds in each node, it can be sawed twice at the position of 8 cm ~ 10 cm above each node to reach the bamboo green part, and the seedling rate of treated bamboo nodes can be improved a lot.
China is the most important bamboo producer in the world, ranking first in terms of bamboo species, area, storage and bamboo and bamboo shoot output. There are more than 500 species of bamboos belonging to 39 genera in Fuzhou Forest Park, with a total area of about 4.2 million hm2. Bamboo forest resources are concentrated in the mountainous areas of Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Anhui, Hunan, Hubei, Fujian, Guangdong and western Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Chongqing, Yunnan and other provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions, among which Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangxi and Hunan are the most, accounting for 60.7% of the total bamboo forest area in China.
Distribution map of bamboo resources in China Due to the changes of climate, soil and topography in China and the differences of biological characteristics of bamboo species, the distribution of bamboo in China has obvious zonality and regionality. Mr. Xue Jiru and others divided the bamboo forest in China into five bamboo areas.
Bamboo is the shortest bamboo species in Gramineae, with a height of 10 ~ 15cm, and the largest bamboo species is more than 40 meters high. Mature bamboo produces transverse branches with sword-shaped leaves and petioles, and the leaves of young plants come directly from the stems. Although the stems of some species grow rapidly (0.3 meters per day), most species will bloom and bear fruit after 12 to 120 years. Bamboo blooms and bears seeds only once in its life.
The underground stem of bamboo (commonly known as bamboo whip) grows horizontally, with a little hollow and nodes in the middle. There are many dense nodes on the nodes, and many fibrous roots and buds grow on the nodes. Some buds develop into bamboo shoots that drill out of the ground and grow into bamboos, while others do not grow out of the ground, but grow horizontally and develop into new underground stems. Therefore, bamboo grows in patches and forests. Young bamboo whips and bamboo shoots are edible.
In autumn and winter, bamboo shoots have not yet grown out of the ground, so digging them out is called winter bamboo shoots; In spring, bamboo shoots grow on the ground and are called spring shoots. Due to the low temperature, these winter bamboo shoots will eventually rot. Even bamboo shoots can't grow into bamboo if they break ground in early spring. In the mountainous areas around Fujian, there is an unwritten folk agreement, that is, digging bamboo shoots casually before Qingming, and it is strictly forbidden to dig bamboo shoots in the mountains after Qingming. Winter bamboo shoots and spring bamboo shoots are common foods in China cooking. In spring, bamboo shoots wait for the spring rain in the dry soil. If there is a soaking rain, bamboo shoots will break through the ground one by one at a very fast speed. The idiom "like mushrooms after rain" is such a phenomenon.
"Crying bamboo gives birth to bamboo shoots" in Twenty-four filial piety pictures tells the story of winter bamboo shoots. During the Three Kingdoms period, Meng Zong, a native of Jiangxia, died when he was young, and his mother was old and seriously ill. The doctor told him to make soup with fresh bamboo shoots. It was winter and there were no fresh bamboo shoots. Meng Zong had nothing to do, so he ran to the bamboo forest alone and held the bamboo to cry. After a while, he suddenly heard a crack on the ground and saw some tender bamboo shoots growing on the ground. Meng Zong was overjoyed and picked it back to make soup. After drinking it, his mother really recovered. Since then, there have been winter bamboo shoots.
Bamboo thorn super family
First, the family of pears and bamboos.
1, Phyllostachys pubescens
2. Phyllostachys pubescens
3. Phyllostachys pubescens
Bamboo groves in Fuzhou Forest Park. Gangzhu
5.diabolo
6. Dendrocalamus
7. Phyllostachys pubescens
8. Phyllostachys pubescens
Second, the spiny bamboo family.
1, Hsinchu
2. Dendrocalamus
(1) subgenus Dendrocalamus
(2) Subgenus Phyllostachys pubescens
(3) Subgenus Bambusa
Three. Zhu Mu family
1, Longzhu
2. Phyllostachys pubescens
3. Dendrocalamus
(1) subgenus Dendrocalamus
(2) subgenus Dendrocalamus
4. Giant bamboo
Fourth, the Japanese bamboo family.
Zhu Gang Yake
1, Longzhu
2. Phyllostachys pubescens
3. Bamboo
4. Phyllostachys pubescens
Japanese bamboo subfamily
1, japonica rice
2. Phyllostachys pubescens.
3. Phyllostachys pubescens
4. Bamboo
Fargesia North America
1, clove
2. Phyllostachys
Zhu, a female writer and poet, is female, whose pen names are Phyllostachys pubescens and Dongfang Zhu. Phyllostachys pubescens was born in an inclined bamboo fence in Daba Mountain area, and has been "bordered" by his father who graduated from Renmin University of China on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau for more than 20 years. University graduate, Bachelor of Science (Mathematics). Now he is a reporter for China Petroleum News.
Phyllostachys pubescens 1980 began to publish mathematical papers, and 1986 began to publish songs (songs), poems, essays and novels. His works of nearly 2 million words are scattered in newspapers and periodicals all over the country. He has published many books: Lost in the West, Transparent Sexy, Transparent Woman, Transparent Passion, Transparent Delivery, Secret Life and so on.
Phyllostachys pubescens has won prizes in the National Music and Literature Grand Prix for more than a dozen times.
Phyllostachys pubescens has an indissoluble bond with Daba Mountain buried in her placenta and Qinghai, which raised her. She grew up in Qinghai University for Nationalities and went to college in Qinghai University for Nationalities. When she was a child, she learned to drink butter tea from Aunt Cuo in Kiriko, Mongolia, and sang Rye in Tibetan with Tibetan student Zhuo Ma. When she was in the middle school attached to People's Hospital, she spent Eid al-Fitr with Hui students and danced with Salar girls. When Huzhu Hongyazigou went to the countryside, she sang flowers with the sister of the Tu nationality, secretly sang Huang Ge with the educated youth, and heard the local people tell the story of the skeleton in the racecourse ... After she became a reporter of Qinghai Economic News, she went deep into rural pastoral areas. Qinghai Lake, Qaidam Basin, Qinghai-Tibet Highway, South Line of Silk Road, golden road, Minhe Cemetery, Tanghe Earthquake Site, Death Cell of Delingha Farm, Jinnong Blockade Site in Hoh Xil, and the crematory kiln of Gaya Living Buddha in Ta 'er Temple left her shadow everywhere. She has deep feelings for the ethnic minorities in Qinghai.
From 1988, Phyllostachys pubescens began to break into the "outside world" alone, with a journey of more than 300,000 kilometers. Her footprints are almost all over China: from Gulangyu Island in Fujian to Xilinhot Prairie in Inner Mongolia; From Yabuli Ski Resort in Heilongjiang to Xishuangbanna in Yunnan, from Tianchi in Changbai Mountain in Jilin to Yellow River Estuary in Dongying, Shandong, from cave dwelling in Yan 'an, Shaanxi to Jindaoxia in Sichuan, from Shaoshan in Hunan to Gaochang Ancient City in Xinjiang, from Qiankou residential building in Anhui to Jiangzhai in Fenghua, Zhejiang, from Shekou in Shenzhen to Yintan in Beihai ... She became the first female reporter in China to break into three no-man's land: no-man's land in Hoh Xil, no-man's land in Ali and no-man's land in Taklimakan Desert.
In order to write the documentary "Transparent Passion" and explore the history of shanty people in Daba Mountain, Phyllostachys pubescens ran away from the river three times in the footsteps of their ancestors, upstream and deep into Daba Mountain. This is difficult for ordinary writers to do. What an exciting root-seeking process this is! In Jinniu Town, Hubei Province, Phyllostachys pubescens was regarded as a Taiwan compatriot who had returned to his hometown by the temple owner of the local Wang Si Temple, and asked for a donation of 600,000 yuan. Without the donation, he could not leave. In Daye, bamboo was robbed by hooligans and penniless. In the Baihe River at the junction of Sichuan and Shaanxi, Phyllostachys pubescens climbed the ancient plank road walked by ancestors along the Hanshui River. In Baihe, Daba Mountain area, bamboo was torn to pieces by moisture, which was terrible. ...
Phyllostachys pubescens is a nomad of spirit and a gypsy of soul in the storm. "Look at a leaf boat, which haunts the wind and waves", but this leaf boat is based on "Literary Association" and "Music Association".
China Social Publishing House is the earliest publishing house in China's publishing history to explore women's long series, and launched the "Transparent Women" series for her. This series can be called "cross-century series" to explore women. This series is divided into two series: towards the no man's land in the sense of life and towards the no man's land in the sense of region.
The works of Phyllostachys pubescens mainly describe the true sexual experience, true sexual feelings and true sexual mentality of women in this era, and reveal the hidden worries of women's life in this era. The works of Phyllostachys pubescens reveal the secrets of women's lives in a clear social section, which is extremely precious. The works of Phyllostachys pubescens are unique to this era, with a penetrating power, which is refreshing. No wonder some critics describe the works of Phyllostachys pubescens like this: "Blow out the yellow sand to reach the gold." No wonder some people say that the works of Phyllostachys pubescens are as bright as people's spiritual tears in this era. The brighter they are, the brighter they shine with the passage of time.
Yeah, right? People in this era are tired of living and can't help looking for "helpless sky, beautiful land" written by bamboo. It is a kind of rest from the inside out, a kind of enjoyment from the inside out, and a kind of spiritual comfort from the inside out to feel the transparent atmosphere in bamboo works and accept an emotional bath.
No wonder Moso's "Transparent Sexy" is about the experience of western girls breaking into Shenzhen, and it is called the girl's Bible. No wonder this book has a lasting vitality and has stood the test of time: eight years later, Transparent Sexy has not only been reprinted many times, but also ranked among the best in the online rankings. No wonder some people predict that transparency and sexiness will become a masterpiece of the world in a hundred years, because it really belongs to our time and women of our time.
Phyllostachys pubescens is regarded as the most powerful, dynamic and competitive female writer in China.
Phyllostachys pubescens has unlimited creativity, abundant reserves and unlimited potential. After publishing five books in a row, Bamboo is currently in the second dormant period of writing. During this period of recuperation, Phyllostachys pubescens was addicted to the beautiful scenery of Lingshan and refused to accept the draft. The experience of Phyllostachys pubescens is like her inner feelings, full of inspiration. Is bamboo brewing a new round of innovation and breakthrough? Does Phyllostachys pubescens reject mediocrity and just want to cooperate with people with lofty ideals who dare to break through, innovate and forge ahead to produce a "unique book" with "unique ideas" and "unique ways"? We don't know, only that she disappeared too suddenly and mysteriously.
Whenever we see piles of Xue Hai books without originality in the bookstore, we call on Phyllostachys pubescens to cross the world again and make a sensation in the literary world again. Our hearts have unconsciously indulged in transparency and hopelessness.
Bamboo is now a reporter of China Petroleum News.
1980 began to publish mathematical papers, and 1986 began to publish songs, poems, essays and novels. His works of nearly 2 million words are scattered in newspapers and periodicals all over the country. He has published many books: Lost in the West, Transparent Sexy, Transparent Woman, Transparent Passion, Transparent Delivery, Secret Life and so on.
Phyllostachys pubescens has won prizes in the National Music and Literature Grand Prix for more than a dozen times.
Throughout the ages, literati of all dynasties have devoted themselves to the study of plum blossoms. Lu You, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, wrote a quatrain of "no intention to compete for spring, and ten thousand people are jealous", pushing plum blossom above ten thousand people. However, Mabel actually has "flowers". What about bamboo? She not only has the strong character of plum blossom smiling at the wind, frost, rain and snow, but also leaves a perfect image of quietness, elegance, modesty, enterprising, integrity and dedication. I love bamboo, appreciate bamboo, worship bamboo and praise bamboo, not only because its various customs give people artistic beauty, but also because its natural nature and unique character give me philosophical enlightenment and personality strength!
"Asserting that Qingshan does not relax, the roots are broken. A thousand blows are still strong, and the wind is east, west, north and south. " This timeless quatrain can be said to vividly describe the indomitable spiritual quality of bamboo. Bamboo grows silently in barren hills. Whether in Feng Fengling or in ravines, she can survive with perseverance in adversity. Although she has been observing endless loneliness and desolation for many years, she has been hit and tortured by wind, frost, rain and snow all the year round, but she has always been "green hills are there, not afraid of burning firewood" and devoted herself to her work without regrets. For thousands of years, bamboo's clear, solemn and upright characters are exemplary and admirable.
Bamboo is vigorous, fresh and full of vitality. When the spring breeze hasn't melted the residual cold in winter, new bamboo shoots sprout quietly on the ground. After a spring rain, bamboo shoots broke through the ground and pointed to the sky. The so-called "Grain Rain with a clear foot" is a portrayal of her youthful vigor. When the spring breeze blows away layers of bamboo shoots, she looks like a lively little girl, standing in the bright spring. In midsummer, she stretched out her long arms, shook off a piece of rich green yarn and danced in the breeze with graceful posture. When it is cold in summer, she is still lush and smiling at the wind, frost, rain and snow. No wonder Bai Juyi left such a beautiful sentence in Bamboo on the Window: "Hundred flowers and paraquat stay in the snow." Bamboo has a spring that will never disappear.
Pine trees remind people of lofty ideals; Bananas remind people of beauty; The tall locust tree reminds people of the general; Xiuzhu reminds people of hermits. Bamboo is light and delicate, with evergreen seasons. Despite all kinds of tenderness, but never grandstanding, not domineering. Modesty and simplicity are her character. Bamboo does not bloom, light and elegant, spotless. Her nature of not seeking fame was swept away by the world. Zheng Xie, a poet in the Qing Dynasty, praised: "One section after another, thousands of schools keep Chiba; I don't blossom, so I don't want to tease bees and butterflies. " Bamboo has no distractions and is willing to be lonely. She doesn't want Wenda to live in the jungle or the mountains. Thousands of years have passed, but it has finally become this vast climate.
Surrounded by a sea of bamboo, I saw the green and tall old bamboo, like a warrior wrapped in armor, and the curved new bamboo, like a young girl; Looking up, the square of bamboo forest is like a team, with rows of horses crossing the corps. However, when you walk along the paths on both sides of Zhu Mao, bamboo leaves gently brush your face, which is so gentle, quiet and elegant. Flexibility is another character of bamboo. "Don't be afraid that the snow will lower your head. As soon as the red sun comes back, you will rush to Han Xiao; Mo Tao has a short soil, green tips and dew, and it pierces the sky. " This couplet shows bamboo's broad mind and open-minded and cheerful personality.
Even in hard rocks, bamboo can survive tenaciously; She wants nothing but dedication. Bamboo's life is a life of dedication. The delicacies cooked by bamboo shoots are eaten by human beings; Cloth shoes sewn with bamboo shoots bear the humiliation and burden silently. Bamboo summer sleeping mat, bamboo furniture, bamboo plywood, bamboo chopsticks, bamboo hall and bamboo handicrafts are all available. In Chengning Bamboo Township, Su Dongpo said that "it is better to live without bamboo than to eat without meat", which revealed the inseparable relationship between bamboo people and bamboo. People in Zhuxiang play bamboo umbrellas, wear bamboo hats, live in bamboo houses, sit in bamboo chairs, sleep in bamboo beds and eat bamboo shoots ... Bamboo also uses her remaining school legs to make brooms to remove dirt for human beings, that is, bamboo foam, bamboo heads, etc., and also burns at the bottom of the stove to give full play to light and heat. There is a couplet that reads: "Although bamboo heads cook at the bottom of the kitchen, utensils should be cooked in the kitchen of small families." Bamboo has an indissoluble bond with human beings, and bamboo has dedicated itself to human beings. This is really "life is good for people, and death is proud."
Cultivate 1000 bamboo poles, love poets of past dynasties, share one with Dan, and write about the spring scenery in the world. Bamboo is a poem without words, and bamboo is a wonderful song. Bamboo spirit has written a glorious page in the history of Chinese civilization.