The examination and conception of fable material composition requires candidates to choose their own angles, conceive their own ideas and draw up their own topics, and do not leave the scope of material content and significance for the composition. Compared with other types of material composition, it is not difficult to examine the topic and conception because of its characteristics of concealment, implication and profound meaning, and it will be off topic if you are not careful. So in the face of this kind of composition, what aspects should we start with when reviewing the topic? First, the clear center is to understand the meaning of the material. When the meaning is clear, the train of thought will have a direction. (1) Get to the point. The key here refers to both keywords and key sentences. By grasping these, we can grasp the center of the material and achieve accurate thinking. In the dark, Stone said indignantly to the diamonds around him, "I don't know why everyone usually holds you so high and regards you as a treasure." What is the difference between you and me now? Aren't they all bleak? "The diamond said," Yes, I can't shine like you. But I know how to look at the light of others. " At this time, a glimmer of starlight appeared on the horizon. When the stone was discovered, the diamonds around it immediately shone, and its light was even brighter than the starlight. The key sentence of this material is: "But I know how to treat other people's light", and the key word of this key sentence is "other people's light". The third paragraph further explains how diamonds treat other people's light-borrowing and using it. Intention: Know how to borrow money; Those who make good use of people get the world; Because you shine, you shine; Good is false to things; Absorb the strengths of others, use them for me, and achieve myself; Know yourself correctly, be good at achieving yourself (showing your value) with the help of external forces and so on. (2) Cleverly summarize some moral materials, mainly narrative and description, and hardly find the key words that reveal the center. At this time, it is necessary to analyze the hierarchy, screen the information, refine and integrate, and skillfully summarize the center of the material. An old man selling straw hats, lying under a big tree for a nap one day, woke up and found that the straw hat around him was gone. When he looked up, all the monkeys in the tree were wearing straw hats. So he took off his straw hat and threw it on the ground. When the monkey saw it, he took off his straw hat and threw it on the ground. He picked it up, went home happily and told his son and grandson about it. Many years later, the grandson inherited the family business. One day, I fell asleep under the big tree like my grandfather, and the straw hat was taken away by the monkey. He suddenly remembered the story told by his grandfather, so he took off his straw hat and threw it on the ground. As a result, the monkey in the tree not only did not follow suit, but gave him a mocking cry. He was wondering when the Monkey King came out and said, "You still play with us. Do you think you are the only one who has a grandfather? "This material does not reveal the key words of the center, so it is necessary to analyze the hierarchy, screen and integrate relevant information for summary. The material is divided into two layers. On the first floor, an old man selling straw hats used the imitation characteristics of monkeys to outwit the straw hats snatched by monkeys. On the second floor, he wrote that his grandson had a similar experience and still adopted his grandfather's practice. The result was unexpected and was laughed at by all the monkeys. The center of the material can be summarized as: innovation based on imitation. Intention: critical inheritance; Empiricism is unacceptable; To innovate and so on. Second, finding objects, meaning materials, and composing objects are relatively simple, and some are more complicated. Generally speaking, when several objects are involved in the material, there may be ideas from several angles. (1) materials such as single object often have only one object, which can be extracted by analyzing its main behavior around it. For example, a snail really wanted to do an earth-shattering thing at first. It wanted to travel east to Mount Tai and climb to the top of the mountain, but once calculated, it would take at least 3000 years to realize this plan, so it had to reluctantly give up this plan. Later, it wanted to climb south to the edge of the Yangtze River and have a look at the fast-flowing river, but it would take at least 3,000 years. The snail knew that his life was short, so he was very sad, refused to do anything, and finally died in the weeds. The object of this material is snails. The main behavior is: I wanted to travel to Mount Tai in the East, but I gave it up because it took too long. Later, I wanted to go south to the Yangtze River, but I gave up because it took too long. From then on, I was devastated and finally died in the grass. Intention: set goals appropriately, be brave in struggle and pursue persistently; How can you sweep the world without sweeping a house? You have to start with small things to do big things, and so on. (2) This kind of material has at least two or more objects. First, find out the objects in the material in turn; Secondly, we should carefully analyze the main behavior of each object; Then refine the ideas accurately; Finally, according to the material description, grasp the main object and determine the intention. When the whale meets a thin sardine, it opens its mouth to chase it. It is getting closer and closer to the beach, but the whale doesn't notice it. When the whale rushed to the beach at an extremely fast speed, it was too late to avoid danger. The huge body rushed to the beach because of inertia and got stuck in the sand. Sardines can survive or even escape with little water. There are two main objects in this material. One is a whale, whose main behavior is: chasing after it, unaware of it, unable to move when entering danger, and facing death as a result; One is sardines, the main behavior: escape, rush to the beach, get a chance, and the result is a successful escape. Starting from different objects, there are the following ideas: Whale: the strong rely on their own advantages unscrupulously, which often leads to serious consequences; The strong must see the potential danger to be invincible; Can't just focus on immediate interests; Knowing how to advance and retreat is a wise man; Give up when it is time to give up (learn to give up) and so on. Sardines: use wisdom to defeat strong enemies; Be good at using your own conditions; Don't panic in the face of strong enemies, calmly deal with them and so on. III. Cause Analysis Everything has its internal or external reasons for its emergence, change and development. Therefore, it is usually a practical method to analyze the causal relationship of materials and extract ideas from causal factors. (1) If this kind of material has a single plot, the reason can be inferred from the results. There is more than one reason for this result, and each reason can be the direction of conception. There is a stump of a big tree on the hillside, which is said to be over 400 years old. At the beginning, it was just a small sapling, which experienced numerous wind, frost, rain and snow. It was struck by lightning 14 times, but stubbornly turned into a giant tree. But then a group of bugs flew in and ended the life of the tree with a small but endless attack. Through analysis, the result of the material is that "the giant tree is not afraid of lightning, but it is destroyed by insects". The main reasons for this result are as follows: First, trees do not pay enough attention to insect attacks. Intention: Disasters are often accumulated in small amounts; Prevent micro-duration; A levee of a thousand miles, collapsed in an ant nest and so on. One is that bugs keep attacking. Intention: water drops wear through the stone, and rope saws the wood; Stick to the goal and don't relax, and so on. (2) This kind of material consists of many people, many events or many things, with twists and turns, complex levels and rich connotations. First, we should clarify all kinds of causal relationships; Then refine ideas; Finally, determine the angle suitable for writing. God held a meeting to understand how animals have been used since they were given wings. The eagle said: I fly in the sky with my wings. At this height, all the prey can't escape my eyes, so I am alive. The ostrich said: I ran in the desert with my legs and my wings were never used. This became a heavy burden on me. Penguin said: I turned my wings into fins, which enabled me to move freely in the depths of the ocean like a fish. ..... God suddenly found a man sitting at the scene, so he asked strangely: What are you doing here without wings? People say: God, although you didn't give me wings, my soul can fly. It takes me where there are no steps to reach. After hearing this, God was sad for a long time and said: I gave you the most precious wings, but you wasted them; I didn't give people wings, but they have flying souls, which are the noblest wings of all flying! There are many objects involved in this material: gods, eagles, ostriches, penguins and a person. The results are very complicated, and each result has a corresponding reason. Results 1: God gave the eagle wings, and the eagle flew with wings. Reason: Eagles need wings. Result 2: God gave the ostrich wings, which the ostrich never used. Reason: Ostriches don't need wings, but they become a burden. Result 3: God gave the penguin wings, but the penguin turned them into fins. Reason: What a penguin needs is to move freely in the depths of the ocean, and its wings are useless to it. From the perspective of eagle, ostrich and penguin, different animals have different uses for the same wings, that is to say, the same thing (tool) will have different uses in different people's hands. Result 4: People can fly without wings. Reason: You can fly with your soul. Intention: Let the wings of the soul fly; Don't rely on the gifts of others; The road is artificial; Destiny is in your own hands and so on. Result 5: God gave eagles, ostriches and penguins wings, but not people. Reason: there is a preference. Intention: Be fair and just to people, things and things. Fourthly, when describing, explaining or commenting on a phenomenon, some moral materials clearly reveal the author's emotional tendency, either praise or derogatory, or joy or anger, or love or hate. And you can't turn a blind eye when reviewing the topic, otherwise it will lead to digression. (1) The only material with emotional tendency, the author's attitude is clear, what to praise and what to oppose can be known with a little analysis, but generally there is no multiple understanding. For example, there is a fable in Zhuangzi: Zhu Pingman likes fencing and always wants to practice a stunt. He heard that there was a man named Fenyi, who was good at killing dragons, so he quickly worshipped Fenyi as a teacher and made up his mind to learn this rare fencing in the world. He studied hard and practiced hard for three years, even at the expense of losing everything. Finally, his swordsmanship of killing dragons reached perfection, so he bid farewell to his master and began to fight for dragons in the Jianghu, hoping to kill all the dragons in the world and make a name for himself. However, he looked everywhere, but he couldn't find the shadow of the dragon. Its so-called stunt, in the end, is useless at all. The emotional tendency of this material can be inferred from words such as "I have been thinking", "so-called" and "finally". The author obviously holds a negative attitude towards Zhu Pingman. If we think that Zhu Pingman won't give up at any cost in order to learn technology, it's beside the point. The following ideas all meet the requirements: blind dreamers accomplish nothing; A theory divorced from reality is worthless; Simply studying hard without thinking, practicing hard, and not paying attention to actual results are bound to be futile and so on. (2) The author's attitude is not blindly praising or criticizing the material of this multi-dimensional emotional tendency, but we can have different understandings from different angles. An eagle swooped down from the summit of the vulture and took a lamb. A crow saw it and was very envious, thinking: If only I had such a skill! So the crow imitated the eagle's dive posture and practiced hard. One day, the crow thought he was practicing well, so he rushed down from the tree and jumped on the back of a goat, trying to catch the goat and fly, but its body was too light, and its claws were entangled in wool, so no matter how it flapped its wings, it could not fly. The result was caught by the shepherd. The shepherd's child saw it and asked what kind of bird it was. The shepherd said, "This is a bird that has forgotten its name. "The child touched the crow's feather and said," It's cute, too! " "The crow in the material failed to learn from the eagle because it did not have the objective conditions of the eagle and could not know itself subjectively. The material shows the attitude towards crows with the help of shepherd's words. Intention: find your own position; Do what you can; Blind imitation will inevitably lead to failure; People are self-aware; Never get carried away; Everything should proceed from reality and so on. But the material also says that crows envy eagles, not just "fishing in the forest", but "practicing hard" to realize their dreams, and this emotional tendency is mainly expressed through children's words. Based on this, there are new ideas: have the courage to challenge yourself; Dare to try and so on. You can also combine the words of shepherds and children to understand the emotional tendency of the material and carry out dialectical conception: valuable courage and scientific attitude; The spirit is commendable, the practice is not desirable and so on. 5. Seeking differences and seeking common ground This method is generally applicable to materials with multiple meanings. When examining and conceiving questions, we should make a comprehensive, accurate and thorough analysis of the materials, find out the internal relations between the materials, and thus extract appropriate ideas. (1) The connotations of many materials in the method of seeking common ground are similar. Firstly, analyze the connotations of materials one by one, and then compare the connotations of several materials to find out the similarities. This similarity is the intention of composition. Example 1: In the arid and harsh desert environment, we found that cactus will curl its leaves into needles to reduce water evaporation and camp in the desert. Material 2: In the same harsh environment, rhubarb in the desert spreads its fat and green leaves in all directions, and through many scrawny textures on the leaves, every drop of water falling on the leaves is diverted to the roots to produce beautiful flowers. The above are some moral material compositions. The first is that cactus rolls up its leaves in an unfavorable environment in order to survive in the desert; The second is about desert rhubarb stretching its leaves to produce beautiful flowers. Although cactus and rhubarb adopt different ways in the face of arid desert, they have one thing in common in order to adapt to the environment and survive better. Intention: survival of the fittest (wise); Know how to change yourself to adapt to the changed (bad) environment and so on. (2) The method of seeking differences has many opposite connotations, which constitute a sharp contrast. First of all, we should analyze the connotation of each material, and then compare the differences. This is the intention of the composition. Taking the above two materials as examples, we can also use the method of seeking differences to make ideas. In order to survive, facing the same unfavorable environment, cactus and rhubarb have different ways of life. One is introverted and defensive. Intention: In a bad environment, it is wisdom to keep your edge. One is to put it outside and defend it with attack. Intention: In the harsh environment, it is a challenge to the limit and a full bloom of life. You can also combine these two ideas: you would rather put it inside than outside; Would rather not restrain; Restrain when it is time to restrain, and release when it is time to release. In particular, it should be emphasized that sometimes all the above methods can work with one of them, and sometimes a multi-pronged approach is needed. Everything should be based on the actual materials, suitable materials and needs, and learn from the literature. When examining questions, we should not only base ourselves on the text, but also be good at association and imagination, from things to people, from nature to society; When writing, you should also contact yourself and the real life of society, and you can't talk about things. Only in this way can we write a composition that conforms to the meaning of the material and has strong pertinence and appeal!