Discussion on safety management of chemical enterprises
While chemical enterprises create a lot of economic benefits, the safety management of chemical enterprises is also facing new challenges. The most effective means to reduce the accident rate is to control, supervise and manage the chemical production in advance. This paper discusses the safety management of chemical enterprises around the aspects of management according to law, people-oriented, equipment supervision and process management.
Keywords: chemical safety management
China Library Classification Number: C93 Document Identification Number: A
With the continuous development of economy, the demand for chemical products is increasing, the scale of chemical production is expanding, and the technological process is becoming more and more complicated, which greatly increases the probability and harm of accidents. Accidents will lead to serious casualties and huge property losses, as well as damage to the surrounding and even regional ecological environment [1]. Therefore, it is very important to establish a good safety management system to ensure the scientific development and virtuous circle of chemical safety production.
One is management according to law.
Chemical enterprises should establish and improve the relevant systems, technical standards and operating procedures of enterprise safety management according to the relevant laws, regulations and operating procedures of chemical safety supervision and management, combined with their own characteristics, so that there are laws to follow. At present, government departments have formulated a series of laws and regulations on chemical safety and management, such as the Law on Safe Production, the Regulations on the Safety Management of Hazardous Chemicals, the Law on Environmental Protection and the Law on the Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases. These laws and regulations elaborate the principles and policies of safety management, and stipulate the process of chemical safety production, especially focusing on the management of dangerous chemicals. Such as the safety production license system, the main person in charge of the unit and safety management personnel must participate in regular training, special operations personnel must hold relevant certificates, and enterprises should conduct regular internal training and education. [2]
How to promote the real implementation of these laws and regulations is a key issue to be discussed in the control of chemical safety management system.
Chemical enterprises must have their own operating rules and safety rules, which is an indispensable link to ensure the safety of chemical enterprises and one of the important symbols to measure the scientific safety management of chemical enterprises. Carry out safety management in strict accordance with the established rules and regulations, conscientiously implement relevant systems, effectively improve the emergency response ability and practical operation level of employees, and avoid? Theoretically? . At the same time, in the process of supervising the implementation of safety rules and regulations, chemical enterprises should focus on education, supplemented by punishment. But whether it is punishment or reward, you must be able to fight. Point to face? The effectiveness of the system should be based on rules, laws and clear rewards and punishments, so as to ensure that the established rules and regulations can be implemented in the daily safety management of enterprises, keep pace with the times and be updated and improved in time according to the actual situation.
Second, people-oriented
The subject of safety management is people, and one of the important objects of safety management is also people. Strengthening the management of relevant personnel is the core work of safety management and the key control point of chemical safety management. Establish a people-oriented management concept and improve it in an all-round way? People? Strengthening human safety education is an important link in safety production management. [3]
The illegal behavior of personnel is a difficult problem in site safety management. According to the statistical analysis of accident cases, most accidents are caused by unsafe behaviors of personnel [4]. This is because everyone's way of thinking, personal quality, mood and environmental impact are different, which leads to people becoming uncertain factors in safety management. The HSE punishment records on site also show that most of them are aimed at on-site violations. Only by doing well the anti-violation work on site can we prevent accidents and ensure safe production.
When managing people's safety, we must put an end to it? Three violations? The occurrence of phenomena, namely: illegal command, illegal operation, violation of labor discipline. And then what? Three violations? More than 80% of safety accidents are caused by luck, so they are being eliminated? Three violations? In the process of safety management, first of all, we should eliminate the lucky psychology of personnel, sound the alarm at all times, and do every step of work seriously; Secondly, we should put an end to habitual violation, which is a bad habit formed in production and life. These bad habits are potential safety hazards and must be eliminated one by one. Here we go again. Come? Safety first, prevention first? For this purpose, pay attention to the management of daily inspection, supervision and assessment, and nip in the bud.
Third, equipment supervision.
With the expansion of production scale, the continuous improvement of technology and the increase of output, it is inevitable that the equipment and instruments that run all the year round will not operate normally, and the sound and vibration will be abnormal, and the instrument instructions will be inaccurate; The newly put-in-service equipment and instruments are unstable, and the operators are unfamiliar with them, which will also lead to misoperation of the operators, thus causing various production accidents. Chemical enterprises should attach great importance to equipment safety management [5]. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the management of various safety devices, anti-electricity, lightning protection and explosion-proof facilities, and safety facilities cannot be dismantled at will.
For example, this year's Qingdao gas leakage incident was caused by inadequate management of aging equipment, so it is very important to strengthen the safety management of chemical equipment. First, do a good job of equipment safety management plans and countermeasures, equipment maintenance needs to do a good job of maintenance safety plans, provide detailed security measures; Second, before the operation of the equipment, the personnel should be specially trained, and professional construction personnel should be reasonably equipped according to the characteristics of the equipment to create reliable preconditions for the safe installation and production of the equipment; Third, strictly implement process control management, comprehensively improve the safety and reliability of equipment, and ensure the stable, long-term and safe operation of chemical equipment; Finally, monitor the running status of the equipment in real time, and repair the instability in time. If necessary, stop production and overhaul, overhaul thoroughly, and restore the scheduled function of the equipment to achieve the purpose of improving the reliability of chemical equipment.
Fourth, process management.
Maximizing the interests of chemical enterprises means safe and stable production. Once the chemical reaction is out of control, the consequences are unimaginable. For example, the reactor explosion accident is a common accident caused by chemical reaction out of control.
The safety guarantee of chemical process should be the most basic. Therefore, strictly controlling the chemical process parameters, reaction temperature and pressure, controlling the feeding speed, ratio and sequence, as well as the purity and side reactions of raw materials, so as to keep them within the safety limits, is one of the fundamental measures to prevent fire and explosion accidents in chemical plants. In the design, construction and actual operation of chemical process, it should be considered that even employees can avoid accidents under improper operation. In the explosion accident in Jihua, when the operator makes mistakes, if the safety links in the process are handled in place, it should not cause a small-scale explosion or a larger explosion.
Fifth, strictly control the operation.
The safe operation of chemical production posts is very important to ensure safe production. Safe operation in chemical production process includes safe start-up, safe operation, safe shutdown and safe maintenance. In the specific work, we must do the following:
(1) Strictly implement process technical regulations and observe process discipline. Smooth operation? .
(2) Strictly implement safety operation procedures. Operating rules for safe production are a summary of production experience and a magic weapon to ensure safe production and protect employees from injury.
(3) control? Run, run, drip, leak? . Cases of fire and explosion accidents caused by combustible leakage are not uncommon. There are many reasons for leakage, such as equipment system defects, technical or maintenance management reasons, human operation reasons and so on.
(4) Don't disassemble safety accessories and safety interlock devices at will.
(5) Wear and use personal protective equipment correctly.
(6) When an emergency is found or occurs, we should do our best to properly handle it to prevent the situation from expanding and report it in time.
Abstract of intransitive verbs
The work of chemical enterprises is complex and has a long way to go. Only by adopting a scientific, standardized and standardized management model can it be truly implemented? Safety first, prevention first and comprehensive treatment? Policy, do a good job in safety management. We should continue to actively explore, use new methods and new thinking, keep pace with the times and do a better job in safety management.
refer to
[1] Gao Jun. Safety management strategy of chemical enterprises [J]. Modern economic information 2009.8
[2] Yuan Xin. Three-dimensional discussion on chemical safety management. Chemicals management.2013.8
[3] Deng Desheng. Implementing people-oriented chemical safety management. Chemical management
[4] Chen Du Guangneng. Safety inspection and hidden danger management of chemical construction projects. Fertilizer Design.2008,46 (10)
[5] Zhang Wu Chunjiang. Four points should be done in the management of chemical safety production? Check? Zhejiang Chemical Industry .2006,37 (8)
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