Yan Jici (1901.1.23—1996.1.2), with the word Mu Guang, is the Buddha on the shore. People from Dongyang, Zhejiang. Physicist and educator, one of the founders of modern physics research in China. He used to be President, Honorary President and Dean of Graduate School of China University of Science and Technology. Academician of Academia Sinica, Academician of China Academy of Sciences. People respect him as a "master of education and science". 19 14 studied in dongyang middle school, 19 18 graduated with the first place in four years. 19 18 summer participated in the joint entrance examination of teachers' colleges in six major school districts in China, and was admitted to Nanjing Normal College with the first place in Zhejiang Province (1920 was transformed into National Southeast University); Nanjing Normal University was the highest institution that young people in the south yearned for at that time. As he was the first student admitted to a famous university in his hometown, Dongyang Middle School was listed as a key middle school by the Zhejiang Provincial Department of Education. When I entered Nangao, I studied business at first, and a year later I switched to industrial courses. In the second year, I transferred to the department of mathematics and physics to read the second grade. I studied under mathematicians He Lu and Xiong Qinglai, physicists Hu et al. 1923 In the summer, he graduated with the first place from the Department of Mathematics and Physics of Nanjing Normal University, and obtained the Bachelor of Science degree from the Department of Physics of National Southeast University for completing the required credits, becoming the only graduate in the first phase of National Southeast University. In the same year, Nangao was merged into Dongda University, and 1927 was renamed Fourth Sun Yat-sen University, 1928 was renamed National Central University, and 1949 was renamed Nanjing University. I taught myself French during my college years, and worked in the Chinese Science Society. I have compiled teaching materials such as Junior Middle School Arithmetic and Geometry Proof Method, which were published by the Commercial Press. 1923 After graduating from university, he took the manuscript fee as a reward for the teachers of the High School Attached to Nangao Dongda and the summer school, as well as the funding of three teachers, He Lu, Hu and Xiong Qinglai, and went to Paris University to study. In a short period of one year, I got the certificates of general physics, calculus and theoretical mechanics from Paris University, and got a master's degree in mathematical science, which is unprecedented in the history of Paris University and highly appreciated by French professors. Previously, the French did not recognize the validity of the China University diploma. Starting from Yan Jici, France began to recognize that China's university diploma has the same effect as France's university diploma. Then he studied under physicist c fabry. 1927, Fabry, a tutor who was just elected as an academician of French Academy of Sciences, read a doctoral thesis "Experimental Study on Time-dependent Deformation and Optical Properties under Electric Field" for the first time at the regular meeting of French Academy of Sciences, which was not his own research result. This is the first time that the French Academy of Sciences has read a paper from China. As a result, Yan Jici became the first scientist in the world to accurately measure the "anti-phenomenon" of the timely piezoelectric law, and also became the first person from China to receive the French national doctorate in science. /kloc-returned to China in 0/927, and served as a professor of physics and mathematics in Shanghai Datong University, Zhonghua College, Jinan University and the Fourth National Sun Yat-sen University (now Southeast University and Nanjing University). Lu Xueshan, Qian, Gu, Yu, Wu and others were all students in this period. 1in the winter of 928, Zhang Zongying and his wife went to France for investigation again, during which they went to Curie's laboratory to help install and debug the microphotometer and used it for testing and research. At the end of 1930, he returned to Peiping and became a full-time researcher and director of the Institute of Physics of Peiping Research Institute. A year later, he was the director of the Radium Institute. Great achievements have been made in the study of continuous spectrum. 1932 participated in the establishment of the Chinese Physical Society. 1935, Aurio Curie, a French scientist, and Kapitza, a Soviet scientist, were elected as directors of the French Physical Society. During the period of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, he carried out social salvation activities and made important contributions to the production of radio transmitters, pentagonal ranging mirrors and telescopes in scientific research and manufacturing. 1946 won the National Government Medal of Victory. 1948 was elected as an academician of Academia Sinica, and served as the chairman of the Chinese Physical Society and the chairman of the Beiping Scientific Workers Association. 65438-0949 participated in the preparation of China Academy of Sciences. He used to be director of the Institute of Applied Physics of China Academy of Sciences, dean of Northeast Branch of China Academy of Sciences, vice president of China Academy of Sciences, executive chairman of the presidium of China Academy of Sciences, honorary chairman of China Association for Science and Technology, vice chairman of the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), honorary chairman of the Central Committee of Jiu San Society, and editor-in-chief of Science Bulletin and China Science. At the same time, he participated in the establishment of the Chinese University of Science and Technology in 1958, taught general physics for 6 years, and served as the vice president, cultivating many talents. From 65438 to 0978, he became the president of China University of Science and Technology, and put forward the school-building goal of "building a universal university and cultivating talents in the world", and later became the honorary president of China University of Science and Technology. 1978, the first graduate school in new China was established, the graduate school of China University of Science and Technology, which was later divided into the graduate school of China Academy of Sciences and the graduate school of China University of Science and Technology. 199 1 was awarded "honorary legion officer" by the French government. Yan Jici has made great contributions to China's education and science and technology all his life, and has trained several generations of scientific and technological talents for China. He is an important founder of optical research and the development of optical instruments in China, and has made outstanding achievements in piezoelectric crystallography, spectroscopy, atmospheric physics, the effect of pressure on photographic emulsions and the development of optical instruments. Yan Jici's wife, Zhang Zongying, graduated from China Literature Department of National Southeast University (now Southeast University and Nanjing University) and was admitted to Nanjing Normal University on 1920. She is one of the first eight female college students in China, and the daughter of Zhang Heling, an old educator who once taught in Liangjiang Normal School (changed from 19 14 to Nanshi Normal University). There are five sons: Yan Youguang, Yan Shuangguang, Yan Siguang, Yan Wu Guang and Yan Luguang.

Main thesis

General Physics (Zhong Zheng Bookstore, 1947), First Law and Second Law of Thermodynamics (People's Education Press, 1966), Essays on Science in Yan Jici (Science Press, 1986), Electromagnetism (Higher Education Press,/.

Opinions on public affairs

As a scientist, if your published paper has not been cited within 10 years-because scientific research is always continuous, that is to say, whether you can do this work is dispensable and has nothing to do with the whole science. It is not difficult for a scientist to become a news figure in magazines and newspapers, but it is not easy to become a figure in books. At least it will take decades, and his research results will be mentioned in books. ..... For these historical figures who have made great contributions to science, the simpler the textbooks, the more their names are mentioned. ..... It is in this sense that I think a scholar should not be satisfied with being a news figure, but should do research work in a down-to-earth manner, make achievements in the development of science, and strive to be a character in books.

The little-known story of Yan Jici.

Yan Jici (1900- 1996) was born in Dongyang, Zhejiang. 1923 graduated from Nanjing Normal University and Southeast University with a bachelor's degree. After studying at the University of Paris, he specialized in physics and obtained the French National Doctor of Science in 1927. In the same year, he returned to China as a professor at Central University and chairman of the Chinese Physical Society. 1948 was elected as an academician of academia sinica. 1955 was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences. Very accomplished in optics. He has served as vice president of China Academy of Sciences, president of China University of Science and Technology, vice chairman of the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), vice chairman and honorary chairman of China Association for Science and Technology, and vice chairman and honorary chairman of the Central Committee of Jiu San Society. Yan Jici was smart and studious since he was a child, and took the primary and secondary school graduation exams. He is the first in the school and the first in the county. The Education Department of Zhejiang Province held the national joint examination of six normal universities, ranking first in the province. When he was admitted to Nanjing Normal University for the second interview, he was still the first. The year is 19 18, and Yan Jici is 18. Yan Jici entered this university, which is neck and neck with Peking University-when people are good, it is called "Peking University South High School"-an institution of higher learning, specializing in advanced business, and transferred to industrial college one year later. 1920 transferred to the second year of the Department of Mathematical Physics, studied under famous teachers such as Xiong Qinglai and He Lu, and began to learn French under the influence of these two professors studying in France. At that time, under the auspices of Dr. Guo Bingwen, Liu Boming and Tao Xingzhi who were studying in the United States, some departments were set up as the second national university in China-Southeast University, and other departments were still managed by Nanjing Normal University, with two parallel tracks, until 1923 Normal University merged into one university. After Yan Jici was transferred to the Department of Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry of Normal University (later changed to the Department of Arts and Sciences), he also took a part-time course at Southeast University, so 1923 graduated from Nanjing Normal University, and also got a diploma and a bachelor's degree from Dongda University. Interestingly, the dual-track system of NTU and NTU made Yan Jici the "last disciple" of NTU and the "first student" of NTU. At school, Yan Jici, who is intelligent and studious, compiled and published two books, Arithmetic in Junior High School and Geometry Proof, under the guidance of professors such as Xiong Qinglai and He Lu. Later, the cost of studying in France mainly depended on the remuneration of these two books. Yan Jici, whose personality and study are excellent, not only won the admiration of teachers and classmates, but also won the favor of a beautiful and refined girl. She is Zhang Peiying, a student of Southeast University and Yan Jici's lifelong companion. After studying in France for only one year, Yan Jici got a master's degree in mathematics and science, which is very rare in the history of Paris University, and celebrated it for a period of time. Two years later, his creative research greatly broke through the doctoral thesis project originally drawn up by his tutor Fabry, and he won the national doctor of science in France with his graduation thesis of "Experimental study on time-dependent deformation and optical characteristics under electric field". At the ceremony held after being elected as an academician of the French National Academy of Sciences, Fabry proudly read out the papers of his China students. The next day, the Paris Morning Post published large photos of Fabry and Yan Jici in a prominent position. At that time, Yan Jici became famous and became a news figure in Parisian academic circles. In this regard, many China people living in France are encouraged. Among China people who share this honor, there is a Xu Beihong, who studied at the National Academy of Fine Arts and later became a great artist. /kloc-in the summer of 0/927, Yan Jici returned to China. On the boat, he met a compatriot who was three or five years older than him. The man greeted him warmly: "Hello, Dr. Yan Jici, I saw your photo and name in the morning paper. By the way, my name is Xu Beihong. " Although it was the first time they met, they hit it off immediately and hit it off particularly well. On the way, Xu Beihong drew a portrait sketch for Yan Jici and wrote a small line in French: "Light of Science, 1927, Xu Beihong". This not only includes the optics studied by Yan Jici and his font size (wood light), but also expresses Xu Beihong's hope that Yan Jici will become a scientific light to illuminate the dark China. After returning to China, they were successively employed as professors of Central University, with Yan Jici in the Physics Department and Xu Beihong in the Art Department. Since then, the relationship between the two has become closer.