Common sense: 1KN is equivalent to the weight of 100KG, and 10KPa is approximately equal to 1t/m? (i.e. 1m? The pressure generated by an object weighing 1t) Step 1: Look at the architectural drawings.

It mainly depends on the axis size, column position, wall position, stair position, building elevation, indoor and outdoor height difference, story height and cornice height. The story height is determined according to the elevation view, the load is determined according to the building plan and use function, and the seismic grade is determined according to the total building height.

Obtain information from architectural drawings, estimate the height of outer ring beam, column section size and plate thickness, and determine the standard story number of the model to be built. Usually, the side column and the center column are the same size. The height of the structure is the building elevation minus the surface height.

The cross-section size of the beam shall meet the following requirements: the cross-section width shall not be less than 200mm；; Section height-width ratio should not be greater than 4; The ratio of clear distance to section height should not be less than 4 (code 6.3. 1 page 60). The economic span of frame beams is generally 6 to 8 meters. The cross section height of the main girder of the frame structure can be determined from115 to110, and the cross section width of the main girder can be determined from 1/2 to13. The main beam is at least 50 mm higher than the secondary beam.

When the distance between the beam bottom and the outer window top is small, the height of the beam should be increased to the window top.

Try to avoid short beams with length-height ratio less than 4. When using stirrups, the whole beam should be encrypted, and the reinforcement on the beam should be longer, and the longitudinal reinforcement of the beam should not be too large. When the beam width is greater than 350, limb hoops should be adopted.

The section size of the column shall meet the following requirements: 1. Grade 4 or no more than 2 floors, the width and height of the section should not be less than 300mm, and should not be less than 400mm 1, 2 or 3 floors and more; The diameter of the cylinder shall not be less than 350mm in case of level 4 or no more than 2 floors, and it shall not be less than 450mm in case of 1, level 2 or 3 and above 2 floors. 2. The shear span ratio should be greater than 2 (the ratio of the minimum distance a from the concentrated load point on the simply supported beam to the edge of the bearing to the effective height h of the section). 3. The ratio of the long side to the short side of the section should not be greater than 3. (Counter-regulation 6.3.5,61page).

The reinforcement of all frame columns should be optimized and merged, and the types of columns and steel bars should be reduced. The reinforcement amplification factor of each side column should be at least 1.2, and the results automatically generated by pkpm cannot be adopted.

Thickness value of slab: the short side of slab span is 1/35- 1/40, the thickness of general cast-in-place slab is 100mm, and the thickness of roof slab is120 mm. The thickness of special-shaped slab is11. ..

The difference between opening holes and zero slab thickness: if the whole room is open, there will be no load on the slab; If the plate thickness is zero, the load can still be transmitted.

Step 2: Build the model.

Establish working directory, input PMCAD in PKPM software, set axis network and arrange beams and columns. Step 3: Load Input

Stairwells are usually defined as zero slab thickness.

If the automatic calculation of cast-in-place floor weight is checked, just enter the additional dead load, which is 1.5KN/m? , the store takes 2.5 KN/m? Stair 7 KN/m? . Code for checking live load, 2KN/m for general civil residence, dormitory and office building? , canteen restaurant 2.5KN/m? , the master roof 0.5KN/m? , 2.5KN/m on the roof? , fire stairs 3.5KN/m? .

Can the roof dead load reach 4KN/m?

The load guide mode of stairwell is that the load on the side guide beam is mainly the effect of wall self-weight and the load on the beam, and the load value is defined and arranged on the beam, and there is no live load on the beam.

SATWE parameter setting

The bulk density of concrete is plastering. , and the general frame structure is 26KN/m? Frame-shear structure 27KN/m? , pure shear wall structure is 28KN/m?

Thickness of protective layer of beam-column slab: 25mm； for general beam; Column is generally 30mm；; General plate is 15mm.

It is generally believed that the number of calculated modes should be greater than 9, and the number of multi-tower structures should be more, but it should be noted that the number of calculated modes specified here cannot exceed the number of calculated modes inherent in the structure.

Period reduction factor, because the infilled wall connected with the frame structure will reduce the natural vibration period of the structure, so the period reduction should be carried out; The pure frame structure takes 0.6 ~ 0.8 according to the actual situation, and the less infilled walls, the greater the coefficient.

The basic periods of X-direction and Y-direction structures take the program default values when the parameters are set for the first time, and will be revised after calculation.

Accidental eccentricity should be checked in the initial modeling (A: When the displacement ratio exceeds 1.2, the bidirectional earthquake action is considered, and accidental eccentricity is not considered. B: When the displacement ratio does not exceed 1.2, accidental eccentricity is considered, and bidirectional earthquake action is not considered. ) After the supplementary definition setting of analysis and design parameters is completed, the supplementary definition setting of special components is carried out, and corner columns are defined for the first, second and third level frames (the seismic measures of internal force amplification are adopted, and the internal force amplification coefficient of corner columns is not specified in the frame structure specification with seismic grade 4, which has little influence on the calculation results of the program), and each standard floor is defined.

Then the sixth step is to generate the SATWE data file and check the data, and then calculate the internal force and reinforcement of the structure.

Note the first translation period (1, 2,3 mode). According to the counter-adjustment, the ratio of the first torsion period value (i.e., the period value corresponding to mode 3) to the first translation period value (i.e., the period value corresponding to 1 mode) is less than 0.9.

The structural displacement value shall meet the value specified in the limit value of elastic story displacement angle listed in Table 5.5. 1 of the anti-code, and the X and Y directions shall meet the requirements at the same time. After the first modeling calculation is completed, the period, seismic force and vibration mode in the graphic file inspection are output to the file generated in the file, and the vibration period (seconds), translation coefficient in X and Y directions and torsion coefficient are listed in the vibration model 65438.

Drawing of beam-column construction drawing

G0.4-0.4 indicates the reinforcement area of stirrup encryption zone and non-encryption zone, and the unit is bungalow centimeter.

10-3-0 indicates the reinforcement area of the right end of the reinforcement of Liang Zuo upper beam (unit cm? ), you can choose the reinforcement 8-8- 12 to represent the reinforcement area of the lower part of the right end beam in Liang Zuo.

VT2-0.2 represents the torsion bar of the beam, 2 represents the area of the torsion bar, and 0.2 represents the design process of the area foundation of the torsion stirrup.

Generally, JCCAD main menu 1 is executed in the design of friction pile foundation for detailed input of geological data, otherwise JCCAD main menu 2 is directly executed for basic human-computer interaction input, and the geological data file that comes with the program is called for basic design.

If the foundation settlement is not calculated, there is no need to input geological data (geological survey report is required for data input of geological data). The width correction coefficient of national foundation bearing capacity is 0 (i.e. no correction), and the depth correction coefficient is 1 (i.e. correction). The concrete of foundation slab should not be larger than C30, which is useless and prone to cracks.

On the premise of meeting the requirements of foundation stability and deformation, the foundation should be buried. Except for rock foundation, the buried depth of foundation should not be less than 0.5m, and the buried depth of raft foundation and box foundation should meet the requirements of foundation bearing capacity, deformation and stability. The buried depth of box foundation and raft foundation on natural foundation should not be less than115 of the building height; The buried depth of pile box or pile raft foundation (excluding pile length) should not be less than118 ~1/20 of the building height.

After the man-machine interaction input of the foundation is completed, if the average bearing capacity of the modified foundation beam is greater than the average reaction force of the bottom plate (including the self-weight of the foundation), the foundation design is reasonable.

Stairs:

Generally, the thickness of stair steps is between 1/25 ~ 1/30, and the stairs should provide a deflection calculation book, and the deflection should not be less than 1/200.