Momordica charantia is an annual climbing herb of the genus Momordica in Cucurbitaceae, which contains a kind of momordicoside and has a special bitter taste, but momordicoside is a glycoside, so it is bitter first and then sweet. Bitter gourd is native to tropical areas, but it has strong adaptability and is not cold-resistant. It can be widely planted in tropical, subtropical and temperate regions, and also widely planted in northern and southern China. When the ground temperature is too low, the root system grows slowly, but when it is too high, it is not easy to be wrapped by cork, and the plants are prone to premature aging. Moreover, the stem of Momordica charantia is creeping, the bud activity of organs above the main vine is vigorous, there are many side branches, the ventilation and light transmission in the field are poor, and it is easy to wilt and wither, so it can be grafted and cultivated.

Benefits of grafting bitter gourd, bitter gourd plants have the advantages of strong growth, strong growth, strong moisture resistance, enhanced temperature adaptability, prolonged harvest period, high yield and good quality after grafting. By selecting suitable rootstocks, the grafted plants can resist Fusarium wilt and Fusarium wilt, and have certain tolerance to root-knot nematodes. The rootstock of bitter gourd grafting mostly chooses loofah, especially the long loofah which grows vigorously. Why is this? Because of its developed root system, many lateral roots, deep and wide distribution and strong regeneration ability, adventitious roots are prone to occur on stem nodes. Absorbing ability and drought resistance are very strong. Cucurbits have the strongest resistance to moisture and can grow normally after a certain period of flooding. Strong disease resistance and few root diseases.

Grafting method: docking method, selecting full and disease-free seeds of Luffa and Momordica charantia, sterilizing the seeds, soaking the seeds to accelerate germination, and sowing them together in a plastic nutrition bowl for about 10 day. At this time, they grew a real leaf, and the second real leaf has not yet unfolded. On the hypocotyl of the rootstock opposite to the scion, at the position of 1.5cm under the cotyledon, gently cut off the young stem about one third or one quarter thick with a sharp knife, and the length is about 1cm. Then, the cuts of rootstock and scion are combined together and clamped with grafting pliers. After 10 days, the interface basically healed and the root of the scion could be cut off. Seeding can be done 25-30 days after grafting.

Tongue diagnosis, a grafting method with high survival rate, is now adopted by most people. The seeds of Luffa and Momordica charantia are sterilized, soaked and germinated. The first true leaf spreads out about 10 day after sowing, and tongue-shaped butt joint can be carried out before the second true leaf spreads out. When grafting, the seedlings of bitter gourd and towel gourd should be taken out of the seedbed to minimize the damage to the roots. Then insert into the incision of bitter gourd and towel gourd, and clamp the embedded part of the incision with grafting clamp. Then the grafted seedlings of Momordica charantia and Luffa are planted in seedling pots or seedbeds, and after the young stems of Momordica charantia are completely healed, they can be cut and planted.

Splitting at the top, using the splitting method, the seeds of Luffa are sown 5-7 days earlier than the seeds of Momordica charantia, and the seedlings of Luffa are grafted when they grow to three true leaves. Remove the growing point of loofah and two real leaves, leaving one real leaf. The top of the young stem of Luffa is aimed at the middle of two cotyledons and cut to about 1 cm. You can't split it completely in half, only half of the young stem. Bitter gourd seedlings take root and cut into wedges at the lower half centimeter of cotyledons. The length of incision is about 1 cm, or slightly shorter than that of towel gourd incision. Insert the cut bitter gourd scion into the towel gourd incision, and then clamp it with grafting pliers.