According to Huang Cheng's Record of Bearded Ornaments, the Qi Diao technique in China appeared in the Tang Dynasty: "Red painting means red painting. The thickness of the paint layer, the lightness of cinnabar color and the fineness of carving are also very clever. There are many printing plates made in the Tang Dynasty, which are used to carve brocade and cinnabar. The carving method can be appreciated by Gu Zhuo. Those who fall into the rain will be rewarded. " Later, Yangming added: "The Tang system is as above, and the knife method is quick and sharp, which is beyond the reach of future generations. Those trapped in Huang Jin, such as the thin hook cloud, are very different from the picking method since the Song and Yuan Dynasties. " These two records undoubtedly prove the existence of Qi Diao and its basic characteristics in the Tang Dynasty, but so far there is no real thing. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the technology of Qi Diao in China was developed, and it had been perfected in the Yuan Dynasty. In "The Record of Shi Zhuan", it is commented as follows: "The system of Song and Yuan Dynasties is clear, round and delicate. Some people have no brocade. " Qi Diao's skills in Song and Yuan Dynasties have reached maturity, and Qi Diao products handed down from generation to generation in Yuan Dynasty are represented by the works of Rizo and Yang Mao. "Zhang Chengzao" Red Gardenia Stripping Disk "Zhang Chengzao" Red Gardenia Stripping Disk, Yuan, 2.8 cm high, with a diameter of 16.5 cm. Old collection of Qing palace. The plate is made of yellow pigment, and a huge double-petal gardenia is realistically carved on the plate, and four buds are in bud. The branches and leaves are freely curled, plump and round, and covered with the whole organ. The back of the dish is engraved with vanilla patterns, which are deep and round. Close enough to have details, there is the word "Zhang Chengzao". "Zhang Chengzao" carved red gardenia plates, painted very thick, thick and round knife method. It was not only the exquisite Qi Diao in Yuan Dynasty, but also the highest level of technology in Qi Diao at that time. "Yang Maozao" takes a red view of waterfalls. Eight directions "Yang Maozao" picked up the red waterfall. The height of Yuan Dynasty was 2.6cm, and the diameter was 17.8cm. Old collection of Qing palace. The disc is octagonal, with light on all sides of the inner wall, and carved with three kinds of brocade land, representing different spaces of heaven, water and earth. On the brocade floor, a temple pavilion is carved. The pine tree stands upright beside the pavilion. An old man is on the sill, overlooking the piedmont waterfall, with an attendant behind him, one in the pavilion. The edge of the plate is carved with a reclining pattern of flowers. Black paint on the bottom of the plate is enough to engrave the words "Daming Xuande Year System" in gold, engraved on the back. The fine handwriting of "Yangmaozao" is faintly visible on the left side of the foot, which is a standard Yangmaozao body. In the Ming Dynasty, when Xuande proclaimed himself emperor, there was a phenomenon of engraving and filling in the lacquer paintings of the previous generation, which was recorded in The Scenery of the Imperial Capital co-authored by Dong Liu and Yu Yizheng in the Ming Dynasty. Most of Yang Mao's and Zhang Cheng's Qi Diao works are about flowers and landscape figures. Works with landscape figures as the theme are good at sparse, spacious and far-reaching pictures, highlighting the activities of characters and expressing them in extremely delicate ways. These works are decorated with geometric patterns, which represent the sky, the water and the ground respectively. Tianjin uses a single line that turns back, similar to a narrow palindrome, like a thin cloud floating in the sky; Water brocade with smooth curves, such as undulating waves; Parthenocissus tricuspidata has many petals, such as flowers, which are diagonal squares or squares. The overall style of this disc is exactly the same as the above features. This dish is a masterpiece of Qi Diao in Yuan Dynasty, with exquisite carving, skillful knife work and smooth polishing. "Zhang Minde" made a round box for picking red flowers and enjoying them. The round box made by "Zhang Minde" for picking red flowers and enjoying flowers is 7.5cm high and 20.4cm in diameter. The lid of the box is engraved with two brocade patterns, namely, long and narrow palindromes and plaid flowers, which are pressed on the figures in the hall. The courtyard is fenced, carved with bamboo and surrounded by lakes and stones. Two boys in the pavilion are going to eat and drink, and two in the yard are enjoying flowers. The cover wall and box body are carved with various flowers on the yellow painted floor. On the inside of the cover, there is a four-word fine section by Zhang Minde. This box has perfect composition, exquisite knife work and realistic shape, just like a meticulous painting. Its engraving and carving style are in the same strain as that of Qi Diao in Rizo. According to documents, the basic characteristics of Qi Diao in Yuan Dynasty are "clear hidden front and smooth hidden front". This work fully embodies this feature and is a masterpiece of Qi Diao in the late Yuan Dynasty.