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Model essay on scientific and technological composition of physical innovation
Technology in Bird's Nest and Water Cube

As we all know, Beijing 2008 Olympic Sports Center is a big and beautiful bird's nest building, and the National Aquatics Center is a beautiful water cube full of bubbles. But what technologies are hidden under the behemoth? Today's essay on science and technology will lead you to unlock these buildings.

First, let's talk about the "Bird's Nest". Bird's nest architecture is based on the leading position of international architecture. It is a major breakthrough in the application of space technology in China and even the world, and it is also a major measure to apply space technology to building structural frames for the first time. It is a major project decided by many construction experts in China through feasibility verification and safety framework verification, so the Bird's Nest has become one of the main symbols of the 2008 Olympic Games in China. He will show the world a brand-new China.

First of all, in the design structure, the Bird's Nest, which uses space technology, introduces the demand for raw materials to the greatest extent, saves costs, and has a perfect and pure image, which is a highlight of the Olympic Games.

"Water Cube" and "Bird's Nest" embody China's harmonious cultural concept in the form of square buildings. The water cube steel structure adopts a new polyhedral space steel frame system based on bubble theory, which is the first at home and abroad and is a high-tech building. Structural design is facing many unprecedented problems at home and abroad. The final results will be directly applied to the design and construction of the National Swimming Center to ensure the safety, economy and rationality of the project, and will be incorporated into the new national grid structure technical regulations through the geometric composition and optimization research of the new spatial structure, the overall analysis and design of the structure, the ice and snow test of the structure, the calculation methods and tests of various nodes and components, the acousto-optic electrothermal research of the indoor environment, and the study of ETFE facade assembly system.

You know that the Water Cube and the Bird's Nest are both like this. I hope you can think more in your life and have a pair of innovative eyes. I believe you can also create some valuable ideas in the future.

Observe the growth process of corn.

Planting jade rice

It will be sunny on Thursday March 20th.

In today's science class, Miss Li came into the classroom with a bag of pink seeds and said with a smile, "Students, today we are going to plant corn in the experimental base." The teacher pushed his glasses up and said, "This kind of corn is different from other corn. Everything else is golden yellow, but the corn to be planted now is pink. "

"Why?" The students asked incredulously.

"That's a good question! In order to prevent insects from eating, this corn seed is mixed with pink insect repellent. "

Miss Li took us to the flower plantation, picked up a flowerpot and showed us how to grow corn. While doing this, he said, "There are three points to pay attention to when planting: First, loosen the soil; Second, don't insert the seeds too deep; The third is to wait for the seeds to be planted before soaking in water. "

It's our turn to do it ourselves. According to the teacher's method, I first covered a small tile on the hole at the bottom of the flowerpot, then knocked the mud into broken soil the size of beans and put it into the flowerpot, then gently inserted three corn seeds into the soil in the flowerpot (the smooth oval end is up and the flat end is down), and finally slowly dipped the flowerpot into water for a while to let the soil soak. When all this was done, we moved the flowerpot into the plastic shed according to Teacher Li's instructions.

In a class, the jars containing corn seeds were neatly arranged. Can it germinate? We are looking forward to ... (Wang)

(Comment: The author described in detail the process of planting corn seeds: covering holes-breaking ground-sowing-soaking in water-moving pots, and expressed the action appropriately with some words. )

The seeds of Bai Weiling germinated.

It will be sunny on Friday March 28th.

At noon, the teacher said, "Now let's go to the greenhouse to see if the corn seeds we planted have sprouted."

We came to the greenhouse happily, "Wow, it's so hot!"

"It's really boring."

"This is a thermometer, 30 degrees!"

"No wonder it's so hot." ……

We chattered like birds.

"Come on, everyone, the corn seeds are sprouting!" I don't know who shouted, so we immediately ran to the flowerpot to see it. Really, some corn seeds have sprouted, and the buds have been pushed out of the soil like purple round columns. We measured it with a ruler. One centimeter tall, about half a centimeter tall, and some have not sprouted yet. The teacher said, "It will sprout in a few days."

After a while, we were all sweating, and some even unbuttoned our clothes. Seeing this, the teacher said, "Wait a few days to observe, and there will be greater gains next time." So, we all walked out of the greenhouse and prepared to observe again next time. (Yang Chen)

(Comments: In the exercise, I wrote the surprise of students seeing seeds germinate, and through discussion, I hinted at the temperature needed for seeds to germinate in the greenhouse. )

Bai Weiling is growing taller.

It will be fine on Monday, March 3 1 Sunday

The shadow of "stick" often appears in my mind. Have you grown up? Today we decided to see them again.

You can see a small piece of green in the distance, and the leaves are swaying gently under the breeze. The original "stick" disappeared and was replaced by thin and tender green leaves. We were really surprised and happy. The teacher told us that these are two real leaves. We squatted down and observed carefully, and saw that their stems were as thin as ballpoint pens, their skin was as purple as before, and the edges of their leaves were also purple. The big leaves outside wrap the small leaves inside, just like a mother holding a baby. The students all took out a ruler to measure its length. The longest leaf is six centimeters, about two centimeters wide, which is incredible.

"They have sprouted healthily in the greenhouse, so we have to let them go out to bask in the sun. Let's move the flowerpot outside the shed now. " The teacher ordered. We moved out the flowerpots one by one.

"Corn seeds grow so fast?" We can't help admiring. (Tian) according to

(Comment: The author can compare the thickness of corn seedling stem with the familiar ballpoint pen refill; Compare a big leaf wrapped in a small leaf to a mother holding a baby; The length and width of leaves are illustrated by specific numbers. These three methods accurately describe the observed corn growth. )

Bai Weiling Miao is thick and strong.

It will be fine on Tuesday, April 15.

I haven't cared about corn for more than half a month.

Before the writing class at noon, the teacher took us to observe the corn. So we happily followed the teacher to the garden area.

"Have you noticed any changes in the corn seedlings?"

"Growing taller."

"It's thicker than before."

"There are more and bigger leaves." Students have said.

"Look, white' thin lines' have emerged from the small hole under the flowerpot." I wonder who gave a cry. The students picked up the flowerpots one by one and looked up at the bottom of the flowerpots. They really saw a white silk thread sticking out.

We asked the teacher with these questions, and the teacher told us that the corn seedlings have grown up and grown very strong. That "white silk thread" is the root of corn seedlings. It seems that this flowerpot can't adapt to the growth of corn seedlings. We must build a new home for the corn seedling at once, so that it can grow freely and better. (Jiang Lu)

(Comment: This paper describes the growth of corn observed by myself through dialogue: it is tall, thick and leafy, especially the description of roots and whiskers, which is more exploratory. )

Give Yumimiao a new home.

It will be fine on Thursday, May 8th.

This afternoon, our class decided to give corn seedlings a new home.

Transplanting began, and we picked up the flowerpot and froze: how did you move the corn seedlings out? If you pull it, it will break the leaves; If I dig, I may pull out the root. At this time, I really didn't know what to do, so we rushed to the teacher and asked, "Teacher, how can we pull out the seedlings?" The teacher touched his head on purpose and said, "I don't know. Find your own way!" " "Just when I was scratching my head and couldn't figure out a way, we happened to see the old gardener in our school changing pots to grow flowers. So, we took a closer look: he raised his finger from the small hole at the bottom of the flowerpot, and a lump like a flowerpot emerged from the flowerpot. We tried, but the corn seedlings just wouldn't come out. At this time, we asked the old man what he could do. Grandpa found a small stick, clamped the tiles in the hole at the bottom of the flowerpot, and then pressed the flowerpot down. This method really worked, so we took the corn seedlings out of the flowerpot one by one like gardeners.

The teacher found another clearing, let's dig a hole. We stuck the shovel into the soil, pried it up and finally lifted it. In this way, we dug a shovel and a small hole. First, we carefully put the corn seedlings into the pit, then cover the soil flat. Finally, we picked up a small bucket and poured water on the corn seedlings. In this way, the transplanting of corn seedlings is completed.

We looked at the newly transplanted corn seedlings and said softly, "Corn seedlings, grow up quickly and grow big and sweet corn cobs for us to eat!" " "

(Zhu Muyun)

(Comment: The author's topic is very attractive to children and interesting. First write about the difficulties encountered in the process of transplantation, then ask the old gardener for advice, and finally write about the process of transplantation, which is very well written. )

Pick corn

It will be sunny on Friday, June 20th.

Today, the teacher said that we were going to break corn, and the students jumped three feet high with joy.

In the corn field, corn looks like a security guard from a distance, protecting the field. Look at those tall and thick corn carefully, just like the guards holding several shells.

The students ran around in the corn field, looking for the biggest breakthrough. The teacher said, "The corn with brown beard is not ripe yet. It will take a few days." I finally found my own plant and stared at a big, fat corn. I pressed the leaves down, holding the stalks in my left hand, twisting them down with my right hand, and then breaking them off.

Then, we began to peel the corn. It wore several thin layers of light green "clothes", just like a timid little girl wrapped herself up. I carefully took off one piece of "clothes" for it. The deeper I went, the thinner and more tender it became, and there were clusters of tender beards like fans inside. Ah! The beige corn grains are fresh and round, neatly arranged in several columns. It's so tempting that I can't wait to take a bite.

In a short time, we broke a bucket full of corn and looked at the harvested fruit. We can't tell you how happy we are. Miss Li gave us a sweet smile. (Zhuang Yu)

Enjoy a bumper harvest

It will be sunny on Friday, June 20th.

"Eat corn!" "Eat corn!" Everyone cheered.

The teacher came into the classroom with two baskets of steaming and delicious corn, which we just picked and cooked. We look like cats one by one. When we saw the fish, our mouths were watering, and we really wanted to take it away and eat it. Seeing that we couldn't wait, the teacher said, "How do we divide it?" "One for each person." "Take it with your eyes closed, don't pick it." Everyone has expressed their opinions.

We lined up in order to get them one by one, and some students touched one in the basket and left without hesitation; Some tossed and turned there, not knowing which one to choose; Others tilt their heads, close their eyes, choose left and right, put them in their hands, and finally make up their minds. It's my turn I wanted to pick a big one, but I didn't want to stand there and pick it slowly, so as not to affect others. Then I touched a thick one and left. When I opened my eyes, I saw orange corn kernels. What good luck.

I began to taste it. I have corn in my hand and stare at it. Although it is only a corn, it has poured my sweat for a semester. I hold it like a baby A Jin. With a gentle bite, corn seeds entered my mouth and were sweet to my heart. I am very happy, because I am no longer the little princess at home. I finally learned to work and tasted the fruits of my work ... "Why do you eat so little? I have already eaten half. " The deskmate reminded me that I suddenly realized and ate it. "Ah, so tender and delicious!"

All our classmates are enjoying the harvest with relish!

Chinese curriculum should be rooted in reality. It is necessary to broaden the field of Chinese learning and application, pay attention to interdisciplinary learning, and let students broaden their horizons, improve their learning efficiency and initially acquire the Chinese practical ability needed by modern society through the intersection, infiltration and integration of different contents and methods. "

This semester, the science class of our class carried out the practical activity of "planting corn". Therefore, I seized this opportunity to use the Chinese activity class, composition class, science class, comprehensive practical activities and school-based courses of science and technology education offered by our school to guide students to practice, observe, enrich composition materials, and cultivate students' ability to pay attention to the surrounding things and be willing to express in writing, thus writing a series of observation diaries of Planting Corn.

References:

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Interviewee: llfxw- Manager Level 4 10-5 07:5 1

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Viewing the same topic: middle school students' scientific papers

Other answers *** 1

1. Small color projection needle

A magnetic needle is a compass. Compass is one of the four great inventions in China. In the present physics teaching, a small magnetic needle can be used to judge the direction of the magnetic field. However, it is very inconvenient to use magnetic needles sold in the market or investigated and dialed by higher authorities. When the teacher is doing the demonstration experiment of magnetic field direction, the students can't see clearly below, so the teacher has to take the instruments down and show them to the students one by one, which is very time-consuming. What shall we do? After trying their best, the students finally made a simple color projection magnetic needle, which can be used as a compass and projected on the projector, so that the whole class can see the direction of the magnetic field, which provides great convenience for teaching experiments. 、

Simple projection needle has simple structure and common materials. It is made of card pins, pins, plexiglass strips and transparent projection film materials. The manufacturing method is: put two steel needles on the two steel needles respectively, and pay attention to the balance of the two steel needles. Then cut the transparent film into sharp long pieces, stick it on the steel needle with 502, one at each end, pay attention to symmetry, and then paint it red and green respectively. So as to complete that upper part of the magnetic needle. Saw the plexiglass strip into a block, then grind it into a round base of the magnetic needle, and iron it in the middle of the round plexiglass. Please note that the pin should be perpendicular to the base. The inner groove of the small snap button is used as the bearing support hole for rotation. Put the bearing on the needle tip, so that the magnetic needle will rotate on the needle tip. The last one is to wipe the S pole of the bar magnet from the middle part of the magnetic needle to the green side, and magnetize the small magnetic needle, that is, the N pole. So that the small magnetic needle is magnetized.

Put the self-made small magnetic needle on the projector, and you can see the direction of each point of the magnetic field at a glance from the curtain.

2. Why can clothes keep people warm?

First of all, you should ask yourself: Can clothes really keep people warm?

You know, it's not leather that keeps people warm. On the contrary, people keep fur coats warm. Right? You know a fur coat is not a stove. "What?" You will ask. "Is that man a stove?" Yes, man is a stove! We already know the food we eat-this is chopping wood, which burns in our bodies. At this time, we didn't see any sparks. We say it is burning only because we feel that there is heat in our body.

This heat needs to be protected. In order to prevent the heat in the house from spreading to the street, we built thick walls, installed double windows in winter, and wrapped blankets on the doors. We wear clothes for the same reason. Instead of letting our body's heat radiate to the indoor air or the street, we keep our clothes warm, which keeps our heat around our bodies. Of course, our clothes also give off heat, but it is much slower than our bodies.

3.[ Scientific Papers] Energy-saving street lamps

The Chinese nation has a fine tradition of thrift, and the people of China have maintained this good style since ancient times. This feature is also reflected in productive labor and daily life. We should always try our best to do everything well in the most economical way. It is because of this good idea that we know how to save energy. The energy problem is of extraordinary significance to a populous country like China. With the development of economy and the large-scale exploitation of resources, the problem of energy shortage has become more prominent, which has greatly affected the modernization of China. Up to now, our country still advocates thrift. In the major construction of Olympic venues, the state put forward the slogan of "running the Olympic Games frugally" according to the actual needs. On the 55th anniversary of the National Day this year, the slogan "Save the National Day" was put forward one after another. Our country is proceeding from the overall situation and achieving the diligent style from the aspect of energy conservation. Saving energy can reduce expenses, promote economic growth and protect the natural environment, which is also a prerequisite for taking the road of "sustainable development" and for our future generations.

At night in the city, there are dense and neat street lamps on both sides of the road, which looks like a dragon flying. Although this is a beautiful scenery, many times the lights of these street lamps are wasted because the road is empty for a large part of the time, especially in areas with underdeveloped economy and transportation. The huge waste of power resources has brought negative effects on the economy of these areas, which is not beneficial, but harmful. Then, is there an automatic control device that is convenient for pedestrians and vehicles to pass at night and saves energy?

Saving energy is actually to reduce energy loss as much as possible. On remote roads, the traffic flow is very small, and turning on street lamps for a long time, whether there are cars, no cars, pedestrians or no pedestrians, will cause great waste of energy. You shouldn't turn on all the road lights even if a car passes by. You should only turn on the street lights within the effective range of the vehicle, otherwise it will cause great losses! So do pedestrians walking on the road. Only turn on the street lamps within the corresponding range for pedestrians to meet the lighting needs. This problem can be compared with the common voice switch now. As long as someone walks in the stairwell and makes a sound, the light will light up when the vibration generated by the sound is transmitted to the voice control switch, and the light will only light up within the pedestrian's walking range and will not light up for a long time. From this, we can know that when vehicles and pedestrians pass on the expressway, don't they exert pressure on the pavement? If there is an inductor that can automatically control the switch under the pressure and control the lights on and off within the corresponding range, the purpose of energy saving will be achieved.

Then this sensor can not be controlled by air vibration generated by sound, but by road vibration generated by the impact and pressure of vehicles and pedestrians on the road. These two kinds of vibrations are different, otherwise it is a mistake, which may be the barking of animals. The noise outside the road will turn on the lights, and it will also fail to achieve the purpose of energy saving. If the noise from vehicles and pedestrians is very small, the lights will not light up? That's useless. It doesn't work at all. The driving of cars and the walking of pedestrians will naturally produce impact and pressure on the ground, which will make the road surface vibrate, so that the road surface vibration can be used to control the opening and closing of street lamps. If there is such a device, it can be installed in the light box of a street lamp, and each device is connected to the road surface with a metal bar. When the road surface is impacted and vibrated by pressure, the corresponding street lamps will light up, and the lights will light up where there are vehicles or pedestrians, and the vibration will stop, and the lights will automatically go out within a certain time limit. This device uses vibration and pressure to control street lamps, which can play a very good role in energy saving. Of course, in order to reduce the number of installed devices, such a device can control multiple street lamps, and multiple devices are connected in parallel in a circuit, that is, one device is installed at intervals, and then these devices are connected to the corresponding street lamps through wires. We might as well name it "vibration sensor" first. Let's first look at the working principle of the "vibration sensor": First, the metal bar is used to sense whether the road surface vibrates. When a car or pedestrian passes a certain road section and exerts pressure on the road surface to generate vibration, the metal bar transmits the vibration to the "vibration sensor", which is stimulated by the vibration and commands several street lamps it controls to turn on the switch. Vehicles and pedestrians continue to pass the next road section, and the "vibration sensor" of the next road section is also stimulated by vibration, which also lights up the corresponding street lamps, and so on. At the same time, the "vibration sensor" on the road section after vehicles and pedestrians passed by turned off the switch because it did not continue to receive the vibration information transmitted to it by the metal strip, so that the corresponding street lamps did not continue to emit light. But this kind of "vibration sensor" requires high sensitivity and can also identify the vibration source. For example, under special circumstances, lightning weather or high-decibel noise generated by factories will make the air vibrate violently, and it will also be transmitted to the "vibration sensor" through metal bars. The "vibration sensor" mistakenly thinks that the vibration comes from the road surface, which makes the street lamp shine. Therefore, we need to use science and technology to study and develop a novel. Huh? Don't say that. Apricot ζ ao is out of danger? Visit? Blow molding? So the sheath is charming? Hey? Scratches? Blow?

Well, as long as this "vibration sensor" is installed on the road with street lights, it doesn't need a lot of manpower to control the power supply, and all the work will be automatically controlled by the machine. We can imagine that there are cars or pedestrians passing by on the road, and the scene of street lamps flashing and going out for the second time is dazzling and overwhelming. Isn't evening a unique and beautiful scenery? At the same time of convenient transportation, the biggest advantage is that it saves energy greatly.

This kind of "vibration sensor" is designed to save energy. I hope this device can be applied to practice and play a great role. While developing the economy, we must not ignore the importance of energy conservation, save energy and take the road of sustainable development, which has become the common sense of mankind.