Hangzhou Xixi National Wetland Park is located in the west of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, five kilometers away from Hangzhou West Lake. It is a rare secondary wetland in the city, the first "national wetland park" in China and a national five-year tourist scenic spot. Once called Hangzhou "Three Wests" with West Lake and Xiling.
Xixi National Wetland Park covers an area of about 1 1.5 Li, which is divided into eastern wetland ecological protection and cultivation area, central wetland ecological tourism and leisure area and western wetland ecological landscape enclosure area. About 70% of the park consists of rivers, ponds, lakes and swamps, and is called "the song of streams and the song of smoke". Six rivers in the whole park intersect vertically and horizontally, with waterways like lanes, rivers like nets, fish ponds like scales and islands dotted around, forming a unique wetland landscape of Xixi.
Generally speaking, the history of Xixi Wetland can be summarized into six stages: the embryonic form of ancient times, the formation of Han and Tang Dynasties, the development of Song and Yuan Dynasties, the prosperity of Ming and Qing Dynasties, the atrophy of the Republic of China and the rebirth now. Four or five thousand years ago, if the low-humidity land of Xixi was washed away by the flood of Tianmu Mountain in spring and summer, it became a lake, and when it dried up, a wetland appeared. Wetlands are accompanied by hidden phenomena, so they can be called embryonic stage. From the construction of Nanhu Lake in the first year of Xiping in the Eastern Han Dynasty (172) to the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, Xixi Wetland was formed for about 1000 years.
During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, Xixi Town was formally established here, which is the beginning of Xixi entering a new stage, and it also shows that Xixi is a thousand-year-old town. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, social, economic and cultural progress was made in many aspects on both sides of Xixi River, and agricultural and sideline products such as fish and sericulture, bamboo and bamboo shoots, tea, fruits and vegetables developed, which became the characteristics of suburban agriculture. After the Republic of China, wetlands were shrinking. In 1950s, the establishment of many towns and the development of factories and enterprises in Xixi area gradually narrowed the scope of Xixi wetland.
Xixi Wetland has formed an attractive wetland landscape tourism resource with its unique scenery and ecological environment. The importance of Xixi lies in ecology. In order to strengthen ecological protection, five ecological protection zones and ecological restoration zones have been established in the wetland: Feijiadong, Xialongtan, Chaotian Shepherd, Baojiadai and Hejian Port.
Xixi culture has a long history. Xixi has been an isolated place since ancient times and is regarded as a pure land on earth and a paradise by scholars. Xixi folk customs, simple. The annual Dragon Boat Festival in Shentankou has a long history and a unique form, and is called "dragon boat with patterns".
There are mainly three scenic spots, namely, Fudi, Qingdi and Shoudi, and ten scenic spots, namely, Autumn Deer Flying Snow, Fire Persimmon Reflecting Wave, Dragon Boat Winning Race, Lotus Beach Heron Shadow, Red Garden Afterglow, Jianjia Panyue, Fishing Village Yanyu, Qushui Xun Mei, Gaozhuang Jeffery Ji and He Zhu Listening to Songs.
Xixi Wetland is known as the "kidney" of Hangzhou. Compared with the water samples collected from the water inlet of Hangzhou and the water samples collected from the west exit, Xixi Wetland has a very significant water purification function. For thousands of years, under the long-term interaction of high-intensity human activities and wetland ecological process, Xixi has formed an artificial wetland with large water surface and many fish ponds as the main body, which embodies the unique ecological characteristics of the artificial wetland.
With the passage of time, the architectural culture of wetland is disappearing, and the poems, plaques and inscriptions of predecessors are also losing. With the development of surrounding areas, the artistic conception of "cold, wild, light and elegant" in Xixi Wetland has been constantly annihilated.