Mulberry leaf, scientific name: Mulberry leaf. The name of traditional Chinese medicine is the dried leaves of Mulberry, a family of Moraceae, which is the daily food of silkworm. Also known as Mulberry, Jingsang, Mulberry and Yellow Mulberry. The following is my understanding of the medicinal value of mulberry leaves. Welcome to reading.
Medicinal value
Mulberry leaves are dry leaves of mulberry trees. After the first frost, it was harvested, impurities were removed and dried in the sun. It is a medicine for dispelling wind and heat, which can be taken orally or applied externally. It is cold in nature, sweet and bitter in taste, and has the effects of dispelling wind and clearing heat, clearing lung and moistening dryness, clearing liver and improving eyesight. Can be used for treating wind-heat common cold, lung-heat dry cough, dizziness and headache, and blurred vision.
Modern Chinese and western medicine regards mulberry leaves and mulberry leaf biological agents as drugs to improve diabetes and other intractable diseases, and thinks that their curative effects are extremely extensive. Has the functions of clearing away lung heat, moistening dryness, relieving cough, clearing away heat, resolving phlegm and treating night sweats; Tonify and clear liver, improve eyesight, treat dizziness and insomnia, and eliminate eye fatigue; Reduce swelling and clear blood? Treat dysentery, abdominal pain, lose weight, remove beriberi, relieve constipation and small intestine; Anti-stress, cooling blood, lowering blood pressure, reducing blood fat, preventing myocardial infarction and cerebral hemorrhage, and eliminating headache and long hair; Lowering blood sugar and resisting sugar diseases.
Anticoagulant effect
Mulberry leaf extract can obviously prolong the coagulation time of whole blood in mice and the activation time of partial thromboplastin (APTI), prothrombin (PT) and thrombin (TT) in rabbit plasma. Because the coagulation process is initiated by exogenous and endogenous links, APTI reflects the activity of endogenous coagulation pathway, PT reflects the activity of exogenous coagulation pathway, and TT reflects the same pathway, namely thrombin activity, indicating that mulberry leaves have a direct inhibitory effect on thrombin fibrinogen reaction.
Hypotensive effect
Rutin, quercetin and quercitrin in mulberry leaves can increase the contractility and output of frog hearts in vitro and in vivo, and reduce the heart rate. Rutin can contract the blood vessels of toad's lower limbs and rabbit's ears, while quercetin can dilate coronary vessels and improve myocardial circulation. ? -Aminobutyric acid, rutin and quercetin can lower blood pressure. ? Aminobutyric acid is a neurotransmitter, which can promote the metabolism of brain tissue and restore the function of brain cells. At the same time, it can improve cerebral blood flow, enhance the activity of angiotensin converting enzyme ⅰ, and promote the decline of blood pressure.
Reduce blood sugar, blood lipid, cholesterol, thrombosis and atherosclerosis.
Mulberry leaves can inhibit the formation of fatty liver, reduce blood lipid and inhibit the formation of atherosclerosis. Active ingredients include DNJ, phytosterol, flavonoids and so on.
Mulberry leaves contain flavonoids that strengthen capillaries and reduce blood viscosity, while mulberry leaf tea contains LDL- lipoprotein oxidation in antibodies, so mulberry leaves can prevent myocardial infarction and cerebral hemorrhage while losing weight and improving hyperlipidemia. Kadaika Doi, a Japanese expert, confirmed that mulberry leaf extract has inhibitory effect on the increase of blood lipid and atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemia. Mulberry leaf tea can significantly increase serum high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) and HDL-C/ total cholesterol (P
Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects
Mulberry leaf juice has a good inhibitory effect on most gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria and some yeasts (Fan, 200 1). Moreover, the required bacteriostatic concentration is low, the pH value range is wide (4~9), and the thermal stability is strong. Rutin in mulberry can significantly inhibit traumatic edema in rats and prevent the development of conjunctivitis, otitis externa and pulmonary edema. Mulberry leaves have a strong anti-inflammatory effect, which is consistent with the effect of expelling wind and clearing heat (Chen Fujun et al., 1995).
Antiviral and antitumor effects
Mulberry leaves can prevent the formation of cancer cells and improve human immunity. The main functional components are DNJ, flavonoids, morin,? -Aminobutyric acid and vitamins can inhibit chromosomal mutation and gene mutation. DNJ has remarkable anti-retroviral activity (Tierney, 1995). Its IG30 is 1.2~2.5? G/mL, and with the increase of DNJ dose, the inhibitory effect is enhanced (Ouyang Zhen, 2003). The inhibition rate of DNJ on tumor metastasis is 80.5%, and its inhibition mechanism may be that DNI produces immature sugar chains on the surface of tumor cells by inhibiting the activity of glycosidase, which weakens the tumor metastasis ability.
Korean scholar Kim(2000) discovered two flavonoids quercetin -3-? -D glucopyranoside and quercetin -3-7- dioxygen-? D- glucopyranoside has a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of human promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL-60). Morin in mulberry leaves has anti-cancer activity, and vitamins in mulberry leaves have the effect of inhibiting mutagens.
Anti-aging and anti-fatigue effects
The Institute of Clinical Pharmacology of Zhejiang University has proved that mulberry leaves have nourishing and anti-aging effects similar to ginseng through four-year experiments (et al., 2004). Ginseng is a hot tonic, and mulberry leaves are a tonic, which is suitable for all ages.
In addition, quercetin, phenolic compounds, vitamin C and other components contained in mulberry leaves can prevent oxidative damage by inhibiting or scavenging free radicals. Mulberry leaves have nourishing, anti-aging and nervous system functions similar to those of ginseng, which can relieve emotional excitement caused by physiological changes, improve the activity of superoxide dismutase in vivo, prevent the production of harmful substances in vivo, and reduce or eliminate lipofuscin that has been produced and accumulated in vivo (Huang Dong et al., 2000). Mulberry leaves can improve the tolerance of mice to high temperature stimulation and prevent the adrenal cortex function from decreasing due to stress stimulation. When the adrenal function decreases, mulberry leaves can make it return to normal. Mulberry leaves can prolong the swimming and flip time of mice, enhance the endurance of the body and prolong the life span of fruit flies. It can effectively remove superoxide anion produced by biological oxidation and has the effect of delaying aging (Tang Fadi et al., 2000).
Anti-filariasis effect
Mulberry leaf injection has anti-filariasis effect. Mulberry leaf can be used to treat filariasis elephantiasis and chyluria (Yao Lianchu,1996; Wang Peiyi, 1999), its mechanism may be the result of the comprehensive anti-inflammatory, detumescence, tissue softening and antibacterial effects of rutin, quercetin, isoquercetin, coumarin and chlorogenic acid contained in mulberry leaves.
Spasmodic and anti-ulcer effects
Quercetin in mulberry leaves can reduce the tension of intestinal and bronchial smooth muscle, and its antispasmodic effect is stronger than rutin. Rutin can reduce gastric motility in rats and relieve small intestinal smooth muscle spasm caused by barium chloride. Subcutaneous injection of 5~ 10 mg/kg rutin can significantly reduce the number of gastric ulcer lesions caused by pyloric ligation in rats (Xu et al., 2005).
Mulberry leaves are rich in amino acids, cellulose, vitamins, minerals and a variety of physiologically active substances, which have many health-care effects such as lowering blood sugar, lowering blood pressure, lowering blood fat and delaying aging. It has adjuvant therapeutic effect on patients with diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia. These effects are related to the active ingredients contained in mulberry leaves.
The production and processing technology of mulberry leaf tea needs to go through the processes of picking mulberry leaves, cleaning and drying, cutting leaves, deactivating enzymes, kneading, deblocking, drying, making incense and so on. Traditional mulberry leaf tea is processed by thermal processing methods, such as high-temperature frying and drying, which will lead to the loss of active components in mulberry leaves and fail to achieve the effect of lowering blood sugar. In order to improve this problem, modern diabetic scholars have been studying and trying, and found that the freeze-dried mulberry leaf tea processed at low temperature retains the polysaccharide, flavone and alkaloid DNJ components in mulberry leaves to the greatest extent, and has obvious hypoglycemic effect after drinking.
Beauty function
Mulberry leaves are frosted leaves of Mulberry, a Moraceae plant. Chinese medicine believes that mulberry leaves are bitter, sweet and cold, and have the effects of dispelling wind and clearing heat, clearing liver and improving eyesight. Studies have proved that mulberry leaves also have a good skin care effect, especially for acne and brown spots on the face.
Acne, commonly known as acne, is an inflammatory skin disease common in young people. When young men and women enter puberty, the level of sex hormones in the body increases, which promotes the proliferation and hypertrophy of sebaceous glands and increases the secretion of sebaceous glands, leading to sebum deposition, blocking the mouth of hair follicles, and the increased sebum can not be discharged in time, forming acne. Although acne is mainly caused by endocrine changes in adolescence, male hormone secretion is relatively higher than female hormone. But high fat, high sugar diet and long-term constipation are important reasons for acne. Chinese medicine believes that overeating greasy and spicy food will lead to accumulation of heat and dampness in the spleen and stomach, and exogenous pathogens will lead to acne. Because mulberry leaves have the effect of clearing away heat and toxic materials, some people tried mulberry leaves decoction to treat 258 cases of acne, and the effective rate was over 89%.
The specific method is to take 50 grams of fresh mulberry leaves every day and decoct them for three times, which usually takes effect in fifteen days. Someone pounded fresh mulberry leaves and applied acne for 30 minutes every day, and achieved satisfactory results.
detoxify
Mulberry leaves have antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, heat-clearing and detoxicating effects. DNJ minerals contained in mulberry leaves can relieve constipation and reduce the accumulation of toxins in the body.
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