The basic characteristics of the paper are to discuss, clarify the truth and reveal some laws and characteristics. Therefore, academic papers should be scientific, theoretical, creative, academic and normative.

(1) science

It means that academic papers should respect facts and science, and should not be made up subjectively. Mainly in the following three aspects:

① Scientific content of the paper: the content of the paper is true, the data is reliable, the calculation is accurate, the experiment is repeated, and the conclusion is objective. It is a mature theory that can be replicated or a mature technology that can be popularized and applied.

(2) The scientific expression of the paper: the language of the paper should be accurate, the symbols should be standardized, the words should be fluent, and there should be no omissions, errors or ambiguities; Choose appropriate scientific terms when expressing concepts; When expressing numbers, there must be accurate values that meet the requirements.

(3) Scientific structure of the paper: the structure of the paper should be logical, the context of the article should be clear, the structure should be rigorous, the inference should be reasonable, and a comprehensive method should be used to draw conclusions from the mastered materials.

(2) Theoretically

Refers to academic papers not only have application value, but also have theoretical value, mainly in the following two aspects:

① Analyze and summarize the results obtained through experiments and observations. From a certain theoretical height, form a certain scientific opinion, and then draw a scientific conclusion;

(2) Starting from the questions raised in the paper, we use facts and theories to demonstrate and analyze or logically explain, and turn practice into theory.

The writing process of academic papers is also the deepening process of the author's understanding. The paper should not only have practical value, but also have theoretical value, that is, academic value.

(3) Innovation or originality

The research results of academic papers should be found, invented and innovated. If there are no new viewpoints, viewpoints, achievements and conclusions, it is not an academic paper.

A paper, no matter how innovative it is, should be original, which will play a certain role in enriching the treasure house of scientific and technological knowledge and promoting the development of science and technology. Innovating on a certain issue and developing a certain point belong to the category of innovation.

(4) Academic nature

Academicism is the basic feature that distinguishes academic papers from other styles. Academic papers should have a certain theoretical height, analyze problems with academic value, study some specialized and systematic knowledge, and cite various facts and truths to demonstrate their new views, which are reflected in the author's research on the nature and laws of the research object and the scientific expression of the research results or findings.

(5) Normality

The purpose of academic paper writing is to exchange, disseminate and store new scientific and technological information for the convenience of others. Therefore, it should be written in a certain format, which is readable. The language is required to be accurate, concise, fluent, clear, hierarchical and rigorous. The use of terms, numbers and symbols, the design of charts, the use of units of measurement and the description of documents must meet the requirements of standardization.