In the process of reading, I feel deeply about the following two things. First, in the preface of Selected Papers on Yang Kuan's Ancient History (Shanghai People's Publishing House, 2003), one thing happened when he was studying in his early years. 1928, when Mr. Yang was in high school, he began to explore Mozi and. "Because I have seen many scholars change the words of the Mohist Classics at will and make various new explanations regardless of the context, in order to correct this bad style of study, I wrote a paper entitled" A Study on the Collation of the Mohist Classics ",which was published in the Yanjing Journal in yenching university, Beiping. At that time, I received a personal reply from Rong Geng, the editor-in-chief of the magazine. He thought the paper was insightful and pertinent, and was ready to adopt it. However, since the next issue, it has been changed by Gu. I was very happy after receiving the letter. I thought that I was a middle school student after all, and there might be something inappropriate in the article, so I immediately wrote to Teacher Gu to explain that I was a middle school student. If there is anything wrong, please correct me when publishing. There was no reply after the letter was sent, and it was not published until the new issue of the magazine was published. For the sake of solemnity, I wrote a registered letter to Mr. Gu, saying,' If you can't publish it, please reject it because I didn't leave it', but I haven't got a reply for a long time. I feel very sorry that the paper I wrote for the first time disappeared like a stone. Since then, I have never asked this matter further. I think Mr. Gu will regret it in the future. " Later, Mr. Yang said: "I think it may be that Mr. Gu is worried about publishing an article by a middle school student in Yanjing Journal to comment on the mistakes of many famous scholars, for fear of problems;" Because Rong Geng has written back, it is inconvenient to reject the manuscript ... Today, I mention this matter again, because now I have compiled a collection of essays, but I don't have my first academic paper. I can't help but feel a little sorry. "Second, Mr. Wang's Collection of Ancient History (Zhonghua Book Company, 2002) has a passage entitled" A Little Turning Point "in the preface, which means that Mr. Wang entered the School of Literature of Peking University after graduating from the General Assembly in 1940. According to the school regulations, a paper must be handed in. When Mr. Wang was a sophomore in the spring of 1938, he chose Mr. Wang's Zhuangzi class and made a reading report entitled "Who is the author of Mr. Wang's Homogeneous Matter Theory?" Mr. Wang thinks that "The Theory of Everything" is a work of Shinto, not Zhuang Zhouzhi's theory, and raises an objection. Mr. Wang said, "At that time, it was appreciated by Mr. Liu Wendian ... My article was circulated in the classroom of the conference. Mr. Feng Youlan, Mr. Wen Yiduo and other conference teachers have read my manuscript and praised it very much. Mr. Gu Jiegang once agreed with Mr. Fu. After reading my article, he also changed it and actively recommended it to Yijing magazine. Because Mr. Fu is one of my most respected scholars, I won't publish it without his consent. So, I asked Mr. Gu to take the manuscript back. Mr. Luo Changpei is editing Reading Weekly and needs a manuscript. He told me that he wanted to give Mr. Fu Sinian an answer to my article and publish it at the same time. I agreed. But teacher Fu was very angry after reading my article. Not only did he not reply, but he also had a lot of complaints about me. "Because of this article, it has brought a lot of trouble to Mr. Wang. When Mr. Wang applied for a postgraduate degree at Peking University College of Literature, "I heard that when Mr. Fu was reviewing my thesis, he put forward my application thesis as soon as he saw my name, telling other students that we could not admit such a student. His city flavor was too strong, so he was not at ease to study hard and write articles to refute others." "Later, I heard that at the admission meeting, Teacher Fu originally advocated not accepting me. In order to take care of the opinions of other gentlemen, he finally recorded me as a candidate. "Since the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, it has been another admirable golden age in the academic history of China. The academic thoughts of middle school and western learning collide fiercely. In the process of the evolution of old and new academics, a large number of master scholars have emerged. They constantly explore new fields of academic research with their comprehensive and personalized academic methods. Mr. Yang Kuan's Regret and Mr. Wang's Storm are directly related to Mr. Gu Jiegang, although they are recognized as two master scholars in academic circles. At the same time, we have to mention another thing in the academic history of the Republic of China. As early as the 1930s, Mr. Zhang Gongliang criticized the textual research of Mu Zhuan, arguing that "although the quotations are detailed, it is inevitable to draw lessons from them", "his words are pedantic and not based on the canon" and "whether Mu Zhuan is true or false, whether the ancient traffic is vast or not, and how to change it, we will generalize ancient and modern times". In order to study, you must be naughty, stupid, and dazzling "(No.6, Volume 2 of Yugong Semimonthly," Muchuan Edition and Works on Muchuan ",1934). 1935 published a comment on Gu's Biography of the Western Expedition (No.4, Volume 3, bimonthly), commenting on Gu's research on the geographical problems of the Western Expedition in Mu Biography: "This kind of' East Lai Bo Yi' style may not be enough for the' East Lai Bo Yi' style. It is simply showing off pen and ink and desecrating ancient books. Express one's prison worries by asking questions from the ancients. This is not based on historical events at all, but empty talk. It is about adding a very civilized human society in the twentieth century to a very uncivilized human society two thousand years ago. Clarifying ancient nationalities and cultures is neither a scientific attitude; Telling ancient legends and myths is not an artistic attitude. We can't criticize this. "Mr. Zhang added:" We can name Mr. Gu's view of history as micro-view of history, which is not only because there is no positive and reasonable explanation in the Biography of Wood, but also negatively increases the unexpected kudzu vine, which has brought countless troubles to future generations. "When Mr. Zhang Gongliang published the above paper, he was still a young student of Peking University. His criticism of Mr. Zhang and Mr. Gu's" Biography of Wood "on the geographical study of the Western Expedition can be described as sharp words, which can be described as" hard to see ". Mr Zhang is luckier than Mr Yang and Mr Wang. Today, when people carefully read this well-known masterpiece of Mr. Zhang, it will naturally lead to more academic thinking. If it happens today, even if Mr. Zhang's masterpiece can be published, it will definitely be revised "seriously" in the text. The law generally followed by academic circles is often that what is broken must be established. Although Mr. Zhang's macro article can also be said to be "to the point" and "very insightful", academic criticism full of gunpowder is naturally unacceptable to today's academic circles. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), China made a breakthrough in the study of ancient history. Among them, Mr. Guo Moruo is a great historian who has made extraordinary achievements in the study of ancient history after the founding of New China. In his academic research, Mr. Guo Moruo constantly combined with new materials to modify and supplement previous academic viewpoints. One of his two companion pieces on the history of thought, Ten Books of Criticism, is entitled Criticism, and the first article of the book is Self-criticism of Ancient Learning. Mr. Guo said: "I published the book" Research on Ancient China Society "in 1930. Although it has won many readers, it is too hasty and impatient. There are many immature and even wrong judgments, which have left a profound impact until now. Some friends also followed my wrong quotation, which led to another wrong judgment and caused a lot of new confusion about ancient faces. This responsibility is now solved by myself. I think it is very suitable and quite suitable. " (The Complete Works of Guo Moruo's History, Volume II, Ten Critical Books, People's Publishing House, 1982, p. 3) In the following section, Mr. Guo said: "The Book of Changes is undoubtedly a historical material of the pre-Qin period, but it has always been regarded as a work at the end of Yin and the beginning of Zhou Dynasty. According to my research in recent years, I know that it really belongs to the early years of the Warring States period, and the time has been delayed by five or six hundred years. I used Zhouyi as the data to study the late Yin Dynasty and the early Zhou Dynasty, which is of course completely wrong. " (The Complete Works of Guo Moruo, Volume II, Criticizing Ten Books, People's Publishing House, 1982, page 4) In the section "On Oracle Bone Inscriptions's Handling", Mr. Guo said: "I have to admit that I was rash and led the wrong way from the beginning. First of all, we should know that the value of yin-yang system theory can no longer be overestimated. Although the historical materials that Wang relied on belonged to the Yin Dynasty, he failed to reach home despite new discoveries, and his views on the Zhou Dynasty were completely based on the old concept of "the original intention of Zhou Gong's production". In this case, there is basically a big problem. The long-term conclusion is that the theory of rites and music of Zhou Gong is partly the reform of Confucianism in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. In this way, the paper is basically wrong. According to it, ... this should be strictly liquidated. " (The Complete Works of Guo Moruo, Volume II, Criticism of Ten Books, People's Publishing House, 1982, page 7) All self-critical words can be seen everywhere in Mr. Guo Moruo's works. By reading the above words, we can appreciate the broad mind of a historian who dares to constantly correct his mistakes and constantly approach the truth in self-criticism. In our view today, academic criticism is not a new term. Mr. Liang Qichao once summarized the style of study of the prosperous young scholars into ten characteristics, of which the seventh and eighth articles are related to the academic criticism mentioned today: "If you disagree with what you see, argue with each other." Although the disciple refutes the teacher, he will not avoid it, and the recipient will never feel embarrassed. " The theme of debating this topic is honest and gentle. Although we refuse to waste our own opinions, we still respect others' opinions. Those who are arrogant, involved, or sarcastic are considered immoral. (Introduction to Academic Research in Qing Dynasty, Zhu Weizheng's Notes on Liang Qichao's Two Comments on Qing History, Fudan University Press, 1985) According to Mr. Liang's explanation, the "debate" knowledge of Qing people follows the following principles: First, the objects of mutual "debate" are not eclectic, even teachers and students can argue with each other as long as their academic views are inconsistent; Second, the content of mutual debate should not abandon the theme of "debate"; The third is to fully respect each other's opinions. So far, the above principles have not been followed by academic circles, but have become academic norms generally recognized by scholars. But at present, there are indeed worrying phenomena in academic circles. The mutual flattery and malicious attacks between scholars not only violate the basic norms of academic criticism, but also seriously pollute the sacred academic atmosphere and do great harm to academic research. As some scholars have said, in real life, cultural circles often play a disgraceful role. Honest scholars are collectively aphasic, but celebrities who suddenly appear are shocked from time to time. Academic corruption has reached a worrying level. Under this background, the Social Science Review, a comprehensive large-scale periodical mainly focusing on academic reviews of philosophy and social sciences, jointly sponsored by Shaanxi Academy of Social Sciences and Shaanxi Normal University, came into being. "Social Science Review" has repeatedly stressed that "this journal respects science, advocates individuality, opposes academic superstition, and welcomes the opinions of one family. This journal will create a positive and rational commentary atmosphere with a high starting point and new viewpoints. "There is no doubt that the publication of Social Science Review is a great event in the academic history of contemporary China. In recent years, Social Science Review has published the academic contribution of the author, Mr. Tang Jiahong, Perspective of "He Guangyue Phenomenon" in Ancient History Research, and Out of the Misunderstanding of Summer History Research —— Comment on Shen Changyun's Summer History Research and Contemporary Ancient History. Mr. He called the author soon. Although he didn't talk about anything, he said he would write an article to fight back. Later, I heard from the editor of the editorial department of Social Science Review that Mr. He did send a reply, but it was not published because of the discussion. However, it didn't take long for the author to see a long article published by He Laoshi on Baidu Post Bar entitled "Don't pretend to understand if you don't understand-refuting the theory of history and its fragile foundation". Mr. He's counterattack really achieved the purpose of venting personal anger. Later, some personal attacks on him appeared on the Internet, such as "Shucan Zhou of Soochow University is an illiterate punk, but he is very speculative in academic circles. Our university management system and academic system are so bad that this punk got a doctorate and a professorship. It's really hard! " , "Shucan Zhou's knowledge and character are very poor! Knowledge is not solid, specializing in opportunistic, fish in troubled waters. Self-righteous, arrogant, arrogant, Smith, making enemies everywhere. Now even his tutor, Mr. Zhu, denies that he is a student. He has been in Hebei Normal University for several years, which has offended everyone. He also made an erotic news with a female student, and his reputation was ruined. He stayed in Xiangtan University for several years and had a bad reputation. We undergraduates are unwilling to attend his class. It is said that many graduate students call him a hooligan. Wherever such people go, they will be unlucky! Comrades, don't be fooled by him! " "The fox's tail is finally exposed. Shucan Zhou's character is too bad. As we all know, wherever he goes, he will arouse public anger. "Shucan Zhou is a rogue, a rogue. Whether the above remarks are true or not, naturally only knowledgeable people will accurately comment on them, but at least it can be explained that Mr. He's counter-criticism has seriously violated the basic academic norms that the academic community should follow, that is, "taking this topic as the scope of argument, words should be honest and gentle", which is the kind of "arrogant, fragmented or innuendo ridicule" criticized by Mr. Liang Qichao. From this point of view, the trouble caused by the author's article "A glimpse of He Guangyue's phenomenon in the study of ancient history" is far greater than Mr. Yang Kuan's "Regret" and Mr. Wang's "Storm".