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Problems that middle school students may ask in the defense of English pronunciation papers
Li Yang is the founder of Crazy English. His book contains the pronunciation of American English, that is, the phonetic code. Pronunciation dictionary is the pronunciation rule of American English, and the biggest feature of American English is the consistency of spelling and pronunciation. For example, brother has a letter R when spelling, so it should pronounce the letter R. For example, fast is a stressed closed syllable word, so the letter A should pronounce its short sound. Another example is clerk. American English is pronounced according to the pronunciation law of er in stressed R syllables, so we should pay attention to tongue rolling. Another example is American English, where the word theater is written as theater instead of theater because its original spelling and pronunciation are inconsistent.

Basic concepts: vowels and consonants. American English has 26 letters, among which A, E, I, O and U are vowels, and the remaining 265,438+0 are consonants, among which W and Y are sometimes used as vowels, and they are semi-vowels, such as crwth Cruiser and my.

There are two main pronunciations of vowels in words, one is long vowel and the other is short vowel. The consonant r has a special property, because it has a rolling tongue sound, so when it appears after a vowel, the vowel will roll into a long vowel.

Absolutely open syllables-vowels are the last letters in syllables. If this syllable is stressed, this vowel letter will become a vowel.

E me I be he she she ye this, that (old English definite article) we.

Me, me, me, Pai, dead, lying down, tied up.

Oh, go, no, no.

U mu Greek letter μ nu Greek letter v Sue Su Blue Blue Glue

Y sky sky flies dry. Spy spy is shy and crying my mine.

Pronunciation book one, a relatively open syllable. A vowel letter is followed by a consonant letter and a silent vowel letter E. If the syllable is stressed, the vowel letter will grow into a vowel.

Cape cloak, cape name tape tape era sage

these

I am a kite that bites five kites.

O-e rose rising nasal cord note note note note

U-e tube cube June (note that the long sound of U is /ju/, but U should read /u/ after the alto on the tip of the tongue. This is another pronunciation book, which is put in pronunciation book 7: Light Light Blue, Flute).

Y type typing

Pronunciation book 2, closed syllable. A vowel letter is followed by one or more consonants. If this syllable is stressed, vowels are pronounced as short vowels.

A mat map map package cat fan hat bat racket apple

Egg egg well red hen pen pen bed Rinrin

I licked the six-necked pig and sold it to kiss Moshan Moshan

Oh, Bull Bull ... Octopus socks deal in octopus box socks, and ostriches deal in ostriches.

U sun umbrella bus gun nut walnut uncle, uncle, uncle is down …

Pronunciation dictionary 3, L, M and N are the longest consonants in English, and the pronunciation of the vowels in front of them tends to lengthen and grow into vowels.

Only curly and non-curly hair can't be combed.

Al huhu high autumn ball wall wall.

Semi-calf salmon

Al Palpal calmed down.

Pronunciation collection four. Pronunciation of vowel combinations. Two vowels are juxtaposed, and only one vowel is pronounced, such as:

Ai Wei Yu Yu Wei Yu lacquer pain firmly nailed the maid.

Ay bay Bay ray Ray road said hay Hay Hay pay paid May lay placed.

Ee reed reed eel bee peeling jeep jeep feel feel see teeth.

Ea sea meat peanut walnut peach eagle leaf pea pea

Ey bond

Oa Road Toast Toast Toad Toad Coal Goat Boat Coat Soap Soap

Ow Rainbow Pillow Yellow Window Pillow Window Hollow Bowl Row Low

Ui suit is suitable for fruit juice.

The pronunciation of five and six, the letters C and G are hard and soft;

C hat hat counting car coffee cat cow cake cup

C circle center one-minute cycle period

G Garden Gate Garden Goat Goose Goose Golf Gold

Gentle giant gymnasium

Sometimes, in order to make C and G pronounce /k/ and /g/, a letter U is added to a word, and then U is silent:

Guess, guess, guess, guess, guess, guess, guess, guess, guess, guess, guess, guess, guess, guess, guess, guess, guess, guess, guess, guess, guess.

S sun sofa sofa silver sink, sink logo marked soap soap 67.

Song question question quarrel quarrel quilt quiet after a quarter of an hour.

When there is que at the end of the word, e is silent, and it is pronounced /k /k/: the technique of ancient physique

H hat hat hen hen head home hammer hammer house horse

H is sometimes not pronounced in words: hour, ah, oh, blah and so on.

R syllable-a vowel letter is followed by a letter R. When this syllable is stressed, this vowel letter will grow into a vowel.

Or porches, pork, Ma Jiao Bao breakwater, corn fork in the morning.

Armrest armchair armchair car card trolley two-wheeled carriage farm park garden garden

Ur Turtle Turtle Surfing Turkey Turkey Turkey Fur Fur Injury Pain Wallet Nurse

Mermaid mermaid

Birthday Birthday Circus Circus Dirty Dust Bird Circle Girl, Daughter

Sh sheep shirt boat boat fish dish shoe spatula

Th brothers, brothers, feathers, feather leather, father, mother

Th Thumb Thumb Three Bathroom Non-slip Cushions Bathroom Bath Thirst Thief Thirst Thief Bathtub Mouth Teeth

Ch Beach Lunch Lunch Cheese Bench Bench Church Cock Chair Cherry Cherry

Ch is pronounced sh in French, such as chef machine chalet farmhouse Chicago

Ph photo photo phone phone trophy pharmacy alphabet

Gh's right and right eyes saw the tight lights at night, sighing lightly and sighing high.

When gh is silent, the vowels in front will emit long vowels.

Coffee Committee been is (past participle)

In order to avoid the difficulty in recognizing handwritten documents, it is stipulated that whenever the letter U is adjacent to M, N, V and W, the vowel letter U should be rewritten as O, and the O at this time is a short vowel.

The son of the son who got nothing, tons, tons of won, and the monks of Hanyuan covered with pigeons to become some sponges.

Similarly, the vowel letter o should be rewritten as a, so the a after w is a short vowel.

Watch the swamp wetland quantity quantity quality what?

Ei88 Rule Neighbors pretend to be venous vessels.

Ei receive accepts the reception, and captures either (not) or.

(Note that the /i/ sound after C and S, or the /e/ sound, are all represented by ei, and the /i/ sound after other letters is represented by ie. )

Au August August Sausage Sausage Sausage Naughty Naughty Naughty Clap

Au sometimes makes a short sound. Laugh, laugh, laugh, aunt.

Long vowels with standard instruments

Aw paw paw draws saws and saws on straw straw strawberry lawns.

There is hardly any scenery. He cut the newspaper of his new nephew.

Pronunciation of ou and oi in diphthongs;

Oujia's house is outside ... Mouth, mouth, mouse, fountain, fountain mountain, shouting.

Ou sometimes pronounce monosyllabic or diphthongs /o/, such as:

You, you, silhouette, development route.

Shoulder, shoulder, soul, soul

Touch touch

Keke

Maybe it should, it should, it should.

Note that when there is an r behind ou, you will roll your tongue, for example:

Four-four inverted courtyard source

Our time is sour.

Tourism gourd tourism gourd

Courage Courage nourishes politeness.

Oor is a vowel combination with/or/sound, such as:

Door floor

Owl Tower Crown Clown Cow Towel Cow Towel Flower Brown Brown Brown

Oi coin COINS oil OIL point means boiling soil poison around the noise coil.

Oy oyster boy cowboy cowboy soybean toy

Oo moon moon zoo roof rooster rooster boots boots food spoon medicine spoon roof

Oo book Books cookies Cookies woods Wool Wool Hook look See foot Cook Chef

Oo blood blood flooding

Oo brooch brooch

Note that there is a double-written rr at the boundary between the two syllables, which belongs to the front and back syllables. Pre-syllables belong to stressed closed syllables, not stressed R syllables, with short vowels and not long vowels, such as:

A mirror of marriage and happiness.

When there is -r- on the boundary between the two syllables, the stressed vowels also send short vowels, such as:

Paris Paris is very spiritual. Bury is buried (here u is short vowel e).

There is no consonant between the two syllables, and vowels belong to different syllables, such as:

Peony, peony poetry, peony poetry, peony poetry, peony poetry, peony poetry

The pronunciation of stereotyped writing is syllabic, and the L, M and N at the end of the word often form syllables with another consonant, which belongs to unstressed syllables. There is the letter e in these syllables, but the letter e is silent at the end of the word.

Pronunciation book nine, the pronunciation of C and sc, and sometimes the sound of sh. Such as fascism in a fascist society.

Pronunciation book 10, pronunciation of t, ss, s, sh, etc. are discussed in ethnic discussion and review.

Pronunciation collection 1 1. Pronunciation of t, such as ch, such as sculpture of nature.

Pronunciation book 12, pronunciation of eau. Eau is usually pronounced as /ju/

Eau beauty is beautiful

Eau beau Midea (France) Wardrobe, Wardrobe

Five vowels and their combinations form weak vowels in unstressed syllables.

Yrain rainy sunny sunny puppy pony baby happy.

The vowel letter is followed by r, and weak vowels are pronounced in unstressed syllables.

Sister, sister, brother, brother is under the rooster, rooster in winter, rooster in winter, marker, mother.

As long as you study hard, you can learn English well. I hope I can help you.