At the end of the Warring States Period, wei ren, a former Qi man, liked reading and fencing. Wei people called it "Qingqing" and later swam to Yan State, calling it "Jing Qing". Later, Tian Guang, a brave and profound "chivalrous man" in Yan State, recommended it to Taizi Dan and worshipped it as Shangqing. After the assassination of King Qin, he was killed by accident.

(1) profile

Get to know Gao Jianli.

When Jing Ke arrived in Yan State, he hit it off with a dog seller and a Gao Jianli who was good at building. Jing Ke likes drinking. He drinks with dog butchers and Gao Jianli in the market of Yan State every day. In a good mood after drinking, Jing Ke and Zhu Qu entertained themselves by singing opera in the market. After that, I cried relatively, and no one looked. So he and Gao Jianli became bosom friends.

Tian Guang is knowledgeable.

When Jing Ke arrived in Yan State, he met Tian Guang, who knew that he was not a mediocre man and admired him very much. It happened that Yan Taizi Dan fled back to the State of Yan after being held hostage in the State of Qin, seeking revenge on the King of Qin. Juwu recommended Tian Guang, and Tian Guang recommended Jing Qing. But Taizi Dan doesn't trust Tian Guang. He thinks that the elderly should not doubt what they do. A person who works alone is suspicious, not even a chivalrous man with integrity, so he commits suicide.

Meet Yan Dan

In order to assassinate the king of Qin, Yan Taizidan entrusted Jing Ke with the great post and begged Jing Ke not to refuse humbly, so he addressed Jing Qing as Shangqing and invited him to stay in a high-class hotel. Every day, the prince comes to meet him, prepares the most abundant banquet, and presents rare items and mounts every few days. Jing Ke felt the sincerity of Taizi Dan and cooperated with him.

Fan Yuqi's conspiracy

Fan Yuan was a general of the State of Qin, and fled to the State of Yan for offending the King of Qin. Only when General Fan's head and the map of Duke Kang of Yan State are presented to the King of Qin, will the King of Qin be happy to see Jing Ke and have a chance to assassinate him. Jing Ke knew that the prince had pity on himself, so he went to see Fan Yuqi privately behind his back and persuaded him with reason. Fan committed suicide and died.

Xiaoshui Mix

The prince and the guests who knew that Jing Ke was going to stab the king of Qin all wore plain clothes to bid farewell to Jing Ke. Above the small water. Gao Jianli strikes the floor, Jing Ke and sings. All the scholars shed tears at the rebellious voice. He walked in front and sang: "The wind is rustling and the water is cold, and the strong man is gone forever!" Hou Yu was generous, and the philosophers filled in and watched the crown. So Jing Ke drove away, regardless of himself.

The plot of Mongolia

Jing Ke brought thousands of dollars worth of gifts to Meng Jia, the son of Qin Wang's favorite. Jing Ke, the representative of Meng Jia, said in front of the King of Qin: "The Prince of Yan was really frightened by the majesty of the King of Qin. He dared not send troops against the king's soldiers. He would rather be a vassal of Qin from all over the country. I'm here to cut off Fan's head and present a map of Du Kang, the State of Yan, sealed in a box. The prince also held a farewell ceremony in the imperial court and sent envoys to inform the king of this situation. Please indicate. " The king of Qin was very happy to hear the news.

Solve the crisis wisely

The king of Qin arranged nine guests' etiquette and met the envoy of Yan State in Xianyang Palace. Jing Ke took a box with General Fan's head, and Qin Wuyang took a box with a map and walked down the steps in turn. Qin Wuyang was afraid, and his face suddenly changed, which made the ministers of Qin indecisive. Jing Ke smiled back at Qin Wuyang and went forward to apologize to the king of Qin, saying, "The common people in the remote areas of the north have never seen the son of heaven, so they are afraid. I hope the king will forgive them."

When the map is unfolded,

On the Qin Temple, Jing Ke took out a map and presented it to the King of Qin. When the map was finished, the dagger suddenly appeared. Jing Ke grabbed the sleeve of the king of Qin with his left hand, and quickly picked up the dagger with his right hand, stabbing the king of Qin in the chest. The dagger didn't stab the king of Qin, and the king of Qin was scared to retreat again and again and ran around the big copper pillar in the hall. Jing Ke pressed. Although there are many officials around, they are unarmed; According to the rules of the state of Qin, the samurai under the steps were not allowed to enter the temple without the command of the king of Qin, who drew his sword and cut off Jing Ke's left leg. Jing Ke couldn't stand and fell to the ground. He threw a dagger at the king of Qin, but missed. Warriors rushed up at this moment and killed Jing Ke.

(2) Comments by famous artists

Tai Shigong (Han): If you have the idea of Jiao Ran, don't deceive his ambition, and leave a name for future generations.

(Jin) Tao Yuanming: Yan Dan is good at cultivating literati with the aim of winning. Gather one hundred husbands and get Jing Qing at the end of the year. A gentleman dies as a confidant, raising a sword to make a swallow; Sue suddenly sang widely and generously sent me to the bank. Public danger, fierce to fill the tassel. Drinking water is easy, four rows of heroes. Gradually away from this sad building, Yi Song sang loudly. Whispering and wailing, the wind is gone, and a faint cold wave is born. The business sound is more flowing, and the feather plays a strong man. I know that I will never return, and I will leave a name for future generations. When to board the bus and fly into the Qinyuan. Sharp, the more Wan Li, winding over thousands of cities. The poor thing came from the map, and the owner was shocked. It's a pity that the swordsmanship is sparse and has not achieved remarkable results. Although he is gone, he has been affectionate for thousands of years. (Ode to Jing Ke)

(Tang) Jia Dao: Jing Ke paid more attention to death in vain and to the history before the book. I sigh, who will talk for a while? Today, the Yishui Bridge is breezy. Xiao Shui is exhausted, and Jing Qing's name is immortal. (Surabaya nostalgia)

(Ming) He Jingming: Alas, yan dan's plan is too small to kill himself, and Tian Guang's self-pity is too great to kill General Fan. ("One Water Trip")

(Qing) Yuan Mei: Singing and drinking by the water will give birth to tigers and wolves. How can I bear to see Tian Guang if the prince can't afford it? The heroic ancestors cried in those days, and passers-by wore clothes this day. Don't laugh if the dagger has no spirit, and the mountain will stab Xianyang at last. (scene) according to

Second, the use of materials

Topic 1: self-awareness and expectations of others

Material processing:

The climber knows his ability, so he doesn't regret "giving up halfway", but others think he should climb to the top. But maybe climbers will die of lack of oxygen when they get to the top of the mountain, so climbers are wise.

Jing Ke is not wise, he can't know himself clearly. When he was in Wei, Yuci and Handan, people had low expectations of him. Wei didn't need him. He glared at him, while Lu Goujian glared at him. These people look down on him, but he thinks he is not an ordinary person. He drank with Gao Jianli all day and sang in the city, and there was no one there. Finally, it was really taken a fancy to by Taizi Dan and shouldered the heavy responsibility of stabbing Qin. As a result, the king of Qin did not die. Tian Guang and Fan Xian died on their own side, but his own death was not counted, which also accelerated the demise of Yan State. When Taizi Dan began to say that he could stab Qin, Jing Ke also said, "I'm afraid it's not enough.". Unexpectedly, Jing Ke took the job regardless of this "national event" because he couldn't stand the "solid invitation" of the Prince. As the saying goes, "No Jin Gangzuan, no porcelain work" He Jing Ke was confused by other people's expectations. As a result, after his death, Lu Goujian laughed at him and said, "It's a pity that he doesn't talk about stabbing swords!" " I called Bao Bao, and he thought I was inhuman. "(Excerpted from the excellent composition" My Understanding and the Expectation of Others "of Chongqing College Entrance Examination in 2004)

Topic 2: Emotional Intimacy and Cognition of Things

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Emotion seems to be a very ethereal thing, but it is always around us. Affection, friendship, love ... it is with feelings that our life is more exciting. With feelings, we become real people.

People are always influenced by feelings when they do things. Emotion is a catalyst to promote people's correct cognition of things. It is with emotion that people's cognitive desire for things is stronger and they can deepen their cognition of things. Jing Ke, who sang "Today's wind blows and today's water cools, and a strong man will never return" by the Yishui River, realized the significance of sacrificing for his country and the value of human beings because of his feelings for Yan. In this battle against SARS without smoke, our lovely angels in white paid a precious life, and Deng Lianxian was one of them. He said that "choosing to be a doctor is choosing to pay", from which we can see his sincere feelings for the people and patients. It is this sincere feeling that prompted him to bravely fight in the front line of "anti-Africa"; In the ward, it was this sincere feeling that made him not afraid of the danger of being infected, stick to the front line to rescue and take care of the patients, and eventually died of infection.

It can be seen that under the impetus of emotion, people can reach the realm of sacrifice in understanding. (Excerpted from Emotion and Cognition, a perfect composition for the 2003 college entrance examination)

Theme 3: Choice of Ideas

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I often miss the ancient times, which was an era full of personality charm. Behind those gentlemanly manners is a person's structure supported by honesty, credit and persistent beliefs. Don't those brave people who don't go to the water miss their homeland? Doesn't he know the danger and harm of going deep into the den? He walked without hesitation, so firmly, with a cavity of loyalty to the monarch and a cavity of loyalty to the oath. Don't Lin Xiangru, with Choi in his hand, know that the king of Qin is insidious and greedy? He promised to return to Zhao intact before departure! He is following a difficult road of practicing his promise, bravely defending the interests of the country and the immortal contract in his heart. (Excerpted from 200 1 Sichuan College Entrance Examination perfect composition "Keeping the Covenant of Heart")

Topic 4: Wisdom

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In ancient times, Jing Ke was praised for his bravery in stabbing Qin. Indeed, Jing Ke's courage is extraordinary. However, I always feel that Jing Ke died in a muddle. I remember that the first sentence at the beginning of Romance of the Three Kingdoms is "the great unity of the world has been long, and the great division of the world has been long". Throughout history, this sentence is a wise saying. At the end of the Warring States Period, China was divided into seven vassal states and many small countries. After years of war, people are suffering. At that time, it was the people's wish to build a strong and unified empire. It's a pity that Jing Ke doesn't know this reason. He is bent on killing the king of Qin and contributing to a group of weak countries. However, Jing Ke was only a scholar after all, and the history before the Warring States Period was not very long. It is not surprising that he doesn't understand that long-term separation will combine. Not counting Jing Ke's death, the king of Qin became angry from embarrassment and ordered an immediate attack on Yan. Saving Yan didn't accelerate Yan's demise. That's how Jing Ke miscalculated. Therefore, instead of saving Yan, Jing Ke accelerated the demise of Yan, which was really stupid. (Excerpted from comments on Jing Ke)

Theme 5: Compassion

Material processing:

Jing Ke stabbed the king of Qin, which is a very popular story among the people in China. "All history is contemporary history". From the perspective of modern people, Jing Ke is an out-and-out professional killer, and he may even be accused of being a "terrorist". In my opinion, Yan Taizi Dan hired Jing Ke to assassinate the king of Qin, thinking that killing the king of Qin would stop Qin Jun from moving eastward. This is a naive idea that can't solve the political problems of that year. In fact, Yan soon perished, which was related to Jing Ke's failure to stab Qin. However, Jing Ke is by no means an ordinary and simple "terrorist" in our imagination, let alone an outlaw who supports others. See historical records? Biography of the Assassin seems to be difficult to define his identity: on the surface, he is indeed a killer, but unlike Nie Zheng, who is illiterate and brave, he is "good at reading and fencing", and it is not unreasonable to call him an intellectual. In the era of the separatist war, the emergence of Jing Ke was really rare. It's a pity that Jing Ke, who is eloquent, failed to achieve the goal of self-denial, and people have infinite sympathy and pity for him. (Excerpted from modern interpretations such as "Jing Ke Stabs Qin")

Topic 6: Personality

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There is a view that the King of Qin should be stabbed, but Jing Ke's character and behavior are not enough, and he is not a competent assassin or knight-errant. Liu Zongyuan, a literary giant in the Tang Dynasty, wrote poems accusing Jing Ke of being "stupid", which is in sharp contrast with Tao Yuanming, a poet in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, who praised Jing Ke. Just today, many people have different views on Jing Ke, and even the same person's impression of him is full of twists and turns. ...

Some people think that in the face of the king of Qin who can't get out because his sword is drawn, and in the face of ministers without weapons, Jing Ke can't stab the king of Qin. He was frightened by the king of Qin and was ignorant. The negative of singing with Gao Jianli all day is revealed at this moment. ...

Two thousand years later, it doesn't matter whether Jing Ke is a knight or an assassin. Objectively speaking, he is not only a chivalrous man who advocates integrity, but also a cold-blooded and ruthless assassin. Careful analysis shows that many heroes have two sides ...

Topic 7: Face Power.

Material processing:

According to Historical Records, Yan Taizi Dan said to Jing Ke, "It is great good to rob the king of Qin and learn from the princes ...". You can't, so kill it. "That is to say, at least Yan Taizi Dan wanted to capture the king of Qin alive at first and coerce him to return the occupied territory of the vassal state. If this step is successful, they may not want to hurt Ying Zheng's life. If Ying Zheng refuses, they are going to kill him. Jing Ke's stabbing Qin reflected an attempt to prevent Qin from continuing to attack other small countries. Whether it's the plan of withdrawing troops or just delaying troops, this should be Jing Ke's last effort to solve the difficulties of Yan, and also for all the vassal states.

Taking history as a mirror, we can at least feel the resistance of ordinary people to power for thousands of years. (Excerpted from "Jing Ke Stabbed Qin Zhi *")

Topic 8: Fate and Times

Material processing:

Some people say that Jing Ke couldn't extricate himself just for one road and the feelings and beliefs set by Yan Taizi Dan, and involuntarily alienated himself into a dagger that stabbed Qin, thus completing his personal tragedy. It has also been said that Jing Ke embraced faith with his life in order to fulfill the creed of "a scholar dies for his bosom friend" advocated in that era, which doomed his achievements to be a tragedy of an era. In fact, in that era of great sorrow and joy, Jing Ke was like a chess piece, without the courage and right to decide whether to win or lose. At that time, Jing Ke's choice was binary, and at the same time, his choice was also difficult. No matter which era, life and life are full of paradoxes. Faced with opportunities and challenges, we often walk out of a trap, but fall into another dilemma. People are always in a certain era. When we look back from one era to another, we often ignore the limitations of our own era. We can't use the value of the Baiji era as the standard to measure the value of faith in the Jing Ke era. So Jing Ke's choice was inevitable and helpless at that time. The success of his belief has been reflected in his persistence in the process of tragic behavior. (Excerpted from "Feeling Jing Ke —— Helpless Analysis of Jing Ke's Tragedy Ending")

Third, the finished product display (excellent composition of Shandong college entrance examination in 2002)

Ciqin

The figure of the prince has faded into a small white spot in the distance, and Xiao's turbulent waves are still discernible. There is no warm cold wind blowing the flag on the car, and the axle creaks because of the ups and downs of the car. I glanced at Wuyang, who was also looking at Xiao's direction. The sound of Gao Jianli building a building rang in my mind again, and my heroism surged in my chest.

If my knees are stained with Qin's soil, then I am kneeling in front of the thick: if my back is blocking Chu songs, then I am staying for excitement: my breath has the rhythm of Qilu wind, and my mind has the warmth of Wu Yueshui; I left the windy state of Yan and embarked on the dangerous road to the vast state of Qin. I will die on this trip. Ying Zheng, it's your time! I will wash away the shame of the prince with your head, comfort the heroic spirit of General Fan with your heart, and repay the blood debt of the whole world with your blood. Win politics and go to hell!

The carriage drove out of the border of Yan, through the wilderness full of wild smoke and weeds, through the high and sinister mountains, into densely populated towns and into the battlements rich in materials. As I get closer and closer to Qin, my heart is getting tighter and my anger is gathering more and more.

There are often starved bodies on the roadside. In small villages, soldiers often burn cigarettes after robbery, thin and tired farmers struggle to work in the fields, and cold winds blow from broken walls to poor families and people who have no clothes left. War and killing have brought endless disasters.

I bribed the king of Qin's minion, and the king of Qin will summon me in three days. I will make a final exploration of the palace tonight. I went into Ying Zheng's study. Bamboo slips are piled on the table, and a pile of bamboo slips is spread out on the table. The ink is not completely dry. I read the text with a torch in my hand, but it was a new document written by the king of Qin. I didn't expect this bamboo slip to change my action. After I came back, I stayed up for two days and two nights, thinking about the words on the bamboo slips, those words that were full of ambition but full of ambition. My heart is torn: the people's suffering is because of the war. If Qin unified the world, would there be a war? Qin's national strength belongs to the princes, and the six countries naturally have nothing to contend with. What good is killing the king of Qin to the world? Which is more important, the prince's personal feud or the fate of everything in the world? I am a prince, how should I choose? After suffering for two days, my heart ached and I finally had a choice.

I stabbed the king of Qin with a dagger, but I gave him a chance to escape: I walked around the column, but I had nine chances, but I let him draw my sword and hurt me: leaning against the column and cursing, I wanted to keep the dignity of the prince. When the courtiers killed me, I thought of all the people in the world. They didn't see the heroic tears in my eyes.