1. Argument: It is the soul and commander-in-chief of an article. Any article has only one central argument, and usually there can be sub-arguments. The argument should be correct, clear and general, and it is a complete judgment sentence. Never be ambiguous.

There are generally four kinds of positions in the debate:

① Title

② At the beginning

③ In the middle of the article

④ Ending

Step 2 argue

There are two kinds of materials used to prove arguments: factual arguments and theoretical arguments.

Pay attention to when choosing factual arguments:

(1) must be typical. Both ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign. Most people know it, at least in newspapers and TV.

(2) It's better to be fresh.

The statement of the argument should be accurate, the narrative should be summarized, and the argument should be proved.

The argument of choosing truth should pay attention to:

① It can be famous sayings, epigrams, proverbs, proverbs, theorems, formulas, etc.

(2) To be accurate and not to be tampered with or distorted.

(3) It is necessarily related to the argument and can prove the argument.

3. Argumentation: the process of proving an argument with arguments.

① Basic types of argumentation: argumentation and refutation. Argument is discussed from the front, and rebuttal is discussed from the opposite side. We usually write argumentative essays mainly through arguments.

② The basic structural level of argument: syllogism structure.

Put forward the problem (what is it) → analyze the problem (why) → solve the problem (how to do it)

Namely: introduce the conclusion of this theory.

General parameter structure:

A, summation structure b, control structure c, progressive structure d and parallel structure

③ Common demonstration methods:

A, example method (also called example method): use typical cases as arguments to prove arguments. As the saying goes, facts speak louder than words.

B. citation (also called reasoning) can not only quote the theoretical arguments introduced above, but also quote some famous sentences in classical poetry. On the one hand, it can strengthen the power of argument; On the other hand, it can enrich the content of the article and enhance the literariness of the argumentative paper.

C. Contrastive argumentation (also called positive and negative argumentation): This method can enhance the significance of argumentation and let readers know what the author is for and against.

D. Metaphorical proof (also called metaphorical argument) enhances the vividness, literariness and persuasiveness of the argument of works.

Second, demonstrate the concrete embodiment of logic.

The language of argumentative writing must be accurate, vivid, rigorous and targeted.

There should be a very clear logical relationship between paragraphs, such as total score, contrast, progression and parallelism. With the help of turning sentences, this relationship is highlighted. For example, you and, although, but, of course and of course.

Third, argumentative writing needs more philosophical thinking.

Argumentative writing especially punishes evil and promotes good, exhorts and guides people, so it must be persuasive and have a correct value orientation.

Taking political lessons seriously and reading rational articles and famous sayings and aphorisms often will improve our ideological quality and cognitive ability, which is of great benefit to our writing, especially argumentative writing. It will enrich the content of the article, deepen the thought of the article and improve the persuasiveness.

Beginners learn how to operate these argumentative papers,

We can start with imitation. Take an article as an example. The most typical is Wu Han's "Talking about the Backbone":

1. Introduction: The topic is put forward at the beginning: We China people have backbone.

Then use Mencius' words to explain the argument that "wealth can't be lewd, poverty can't be moved, and power can't be bent".

2. This part: Prove the argument with three examples: Wen Tianxiang is rich and cannot be lewd; The poverty of the poor who do not eat can not be moved, and the strength of Wen Yiduo can not be bent.

3. Conclusion: Explain the backbone of the proletariat today and issue a call.

There is a transition between the three parts: between introduction and theory, there are "many touching stories of our ancestors with backbone and his positive educational significance." Lead to the following three examples. Between this theory and the conclusion, there is "these words of Mencius, although said more than two thousand years ago, still have his positive significance until now." Make a change.

Between the first and second situations, there is a transition between "another story" and "another example". These transitional sentences make the article seamless.

The three parts answer three questions respectively: the introduction part answers the question "what is it"; This part answers the question of "why (and backbone)"; The conclusion part answers the question "What should we do?".

All three cases are summarized, and each case is followed by a few short sentences. These arguments clarify the meaning of events, tie events closely to arguments, and are the link between arguments. Otherwise, it will be practical, and the argument will be out of line.

On cherishing the vastness of the sea, because he cherishes every stream; The leaves are lush, because he cherishes every ray of sunshine; The mountains are lofty, because he cherishes every gravel. Cherishing will make life wonderful, just like the tidal sea, lush green leaves and mountains in the clouds. The pace of life is dancing happily, dancing on bright flowers, dancing on the rippling lotus pond, dancing on the falling maple leaves ... cherish what you have, as the saying goes, the contented are always happy. "Foot" is saturated with cherishing what you have. Only in cherishing can the joy of life be fully interpreted. Only in cherishing, life will be full and full. Only in cherishing can the soul appreciate the beauty around it. Why let desire fascinate your eyes? A poor farmer was always worried that he had no shoes until one day he saw a man without feet. How happy he thought he was! Maybe life is like this. Getting more doesn't mean real happiness, but cherishing what you have is real happiness. Perhaps at this time, some people are lamenting the injustice of heaven, and complaining is counterproductive. Why not let go of the unattainable obsession and cherish the wealth you already have? Cherish the affection and care of relatives, which is the brightest treasure in the world; Cherish friendship, a friend's friendship is like a clear spring of dew, a clear spring of soul and a cool pool of water; Cherish happiness and keep a young heart. Happiness is a note of life, a ray of warm sun in the cold winter, and a breeze blowing gently through the heart lake. Cherish time, time is fair to everyone. Cherish time in order to prolong life. Why not cherish time to realize bigger dreams? Everyone has so many things to cherish that there is no need to compete for favor in the wrong way of desire. Only those who know how to cherish can get more, and greedy demands will only bring endless desires. Cherish all good things, they make our life rich and colorful. Standing on the balcony, looking at the beautiful clouds in the sunset, the tranquility makes people forget all the troubles and sorrows; Seeing the heavy snow in the distance, those pure angels make people dare not be vulgar and can't help being noble; Sitting by the river on a sunny summer day, listening to the joy of the river crossing the pebbles, that lightness reminds people of the happy time when I was a child, and I can't help laughing. If we cherish every bit of life, the world is really beautiful. Cherish family ties, cherish youth, cherish all beautiful things, let cherish enter the soul, let it accompany you through the journey of life, and let us enjoy life and enjoy life with the company of cherish.