1, the right of reply can only be obtained after passing the external examination, and you can't graduate if you don't pass the defense. Two experts who have passed the external audit have the right of reply, and the defense Committee does not include the external audit experts, and half of them can graduate.

2. For graduates, it needs to go through two links: blind test and external test. For example, for doctors and doctors, this aspect is mainly reflected in the following matters:

Neither doctors nor masters can graduate, but the proportion of masters is very small, and there are also unfinished masters, but the proportion is less than 1%. All doctoral dissertations and some master's dissertations are sent to other units for blind evaluation by the degree office before the defense, so as to ensure the quality of the defense thesis. In addition, the provincial and municipal education committees will randomly select a certain proportion of papers and invite other units to do blind evaluation to check the quality of postgraduate training. All doctoral and master's dissertations can only participate in the defense after passing the blind review and external review, and then the defense Committee decides whether to pass the defense or not to award the degree.

Finally, the academic degree committee of the unit will decide whether to grant the degree by secret ballot according to the quality of the thesis, course performance, ideological expression and whether to publish the thesis. If it is approved, it will be publicized for 3 months before obtaining the degree certificate. Those who do not graduate with a doctorate or master's degree generally have no academic qualifications and degrees. Some graduates have academic qualifications and no degree, while others have academic qualifications and degrees.

The proportion of blind examination of master's thesis in different schools is different, generally between 30% and 50%, and doctoral thesis is blind examination. Of course, there are also those who can't graduate. Especially good schools pay more attention to the quality of postgraduate training.