The territorial sea island dispute with Vietnam. After 1975, 28 islands and reefs, including Nansha Islands, Beibu Gulf territorial waters and Bailongwei Island, were invaded and provoked by Vietnam, occupying more than 10 islands. 1September, 975, facing the provocation of the Vietnamese army, China sank the South Vietnamese warship "Nu Tao" (650 tons) in Xisha. The Xisha Islands were recovered in one fell swoop. In the early 1970s, in the name of safeguarding sovereignty, the South Vietnamese regime sent troops to occupy six islands and reefs in the Nansha Islands of China. 1975 After the collapse of the South Vietnamese regime, Vietnam not only quickly took over the Nansha Islands controlled by the South Vietnamese regime, but also stepped up its military occupation. Prior to this, Viet Nam repeatedly claimed to recognize China's sovereignty over Nansha Islands, but later reneged. Prove that Nansha Islands and Xisha Islands are part of Vietnamese territory. 1974, the People's Liberation Army regained the Xisha Islands. 1988, Vietnam provoked an armed conflict in Chigua Reef, and our army was forced to defend itself and fight back, which dealt a blow to the arrogance of the aggressors. However, at present, Vietnam still occupies 28 islands and reefs in Nansha Islands (China only controls 8), which is the country with the largest territory of China among its maritime neighbors, and Vietnam is the only one. As for the continental shelf, Viet Nam adopts the principle of natural extension and the width of 200 nautical miles to delimit its continental shelf, and a large part of it encroaches on the traditional maritime boundary of China. 1980, Vietnam signed an agreement with the former Soviet Union to jointly develop the so-called "southern continental shelf of Vietnam" and exploit oil and gas resources in Nansha sea area of China. Before 1986, Vietnam was an oil importer with an oil output of only 60,000 tons. Since the South China Sea oil was plundered in 1980s, the oil output in 9 1 year exceeded 4.5 million tons, and now the oil output has reached 7 million tons, making Vietnam an oil exporter and the oil industry a pillar industry of Vietnam's economy. This year, despite the strong opposition of the China government, the Nansha tourism project was launched, which blatantly violated China's sovereignty. In 1930s, the Vietnamese colonial authorities secretly occupied seven islands and reefs in Nansha, which was protested by the China government. After World War II, when China sent troops to recover the Japanese-occupied Nansha Islands, the French never raised any protest, let alone claimed sovereignty. Moreover, when the French left Vietnam, none of the treaties and agreements reached between the two countries indicated that France handed over Nansha to Vietnam (South Vietnam). It is worth mentioning that when South Vietnam began to make demands on Nansha in the 1950s, France publicly announced that Nansha had never been handed over to Vietnam. What's more, France once occupied seven small island reefs in the 1930s, but now Vietnam wants to "inherit" nearly 300 islands, reefs and sandbars throughout Nansha. As for North Vietnam, in 1950s and 1960s, government officials of North Vietnam repeatedly recognized China's territorial sovereignty over Nansha Islands on different occasions. 1On June 5th, 956, Yong Qian Wen, Vice Foreign Minister of North Vietnam, said when meeting with Li Zhimin, Chargé d 'affaires of China's ambassador to Vietnam: "According to Vietnamese data, historically, the Xisha Islands and Nansha Islands should belong to China." Lu Li, Acting Director of the Asian Department of the Vietnamese Ministry of Foreign Affairs at that time, also pointed out: "Historically, the Xisha Islands and Nansha Islands belonged to China as early as the Song Dynasty." 1On September 4th, 958, Fan Wentong, the Prime Minister of North Vietnam, sent a note to Zhou Enlai, the Prime Minister of China, saying that the Democratic Republic of Vietnam recognized and agreed to the statement made by the people of China on September 4th, 958 reaffirming the territorial sovereignty of Nansha and Xisha. Vietnamese textbooks still recognized China's sovereignty over Xisha and Nansha Islands until 1974. Vietnam changed its policy only after reunification in 1975, claiming sovereignty over Xisha and Nansha. From the perspective of international law, North Vietnam overthrew South Vietnam (North Vietnam still does not recognize the legitimacy of the South Vietnamese regime) and unified Vietnam. Documents before North Vietnam still have legal effect today. On February 25th, 2000, 65438, representatives of China and Viet Nam formally signed the Agreement on Delimitation of the Territorial Sea, Exclusive Economic Zone and Continental Shelf in Beibu Gulf and the Agreement on Fisheries Cooperation in Beibu Gulf. North of 20 degrees north latitude, China divides some sea areas into Viet Nam; South of 20 degrees north latitude, Viet Nam gave China a sea area. According to the materials provided by Vietnamese Foreign Minister Ruan Yinian, in the end, China and Vietnam respectively gained 46.77% and 53.23% of the Beibu Gulf area. Bailongwei Island is a small island in Beibu Gulf, a disputed sea area between China and Viet Nam. During the Vietnam War, China lent the island to the Vietnamese navy. After that, the two countries signed an agreement to use this island as the border between the two countries. However, according to the latest agreement signed by the two countries, the border between the two countries will move eastward to East longitude 108 degrees 03, and the island will officially become the territory of Vietnam. Bailongwei Island is isolated in the center of Beibu Gulf, and its strategic position is extremely important. There are two Bailongwei in Beibu Gulf. One Bailongwei (the three islands of Jing nationality), which was' leased' to Vietnam, is in Guangxi, and it was recovered after self-defense counterattack. (Bailongwei Island, Beibu Gulf) 1955 There are more than 200 people, of whom only 3 don't know, and the rest are Danxian people in Hainan at that time ... There is a temple in the middle, and the Chinese character' Tongzhi for three years' is cast on the clock in the temple (1877). After we sent troops, Vietnam showed understanding ... and then China withdrew from the island. 1On April 25th, 988, the Vietnamese Ministry of Foreign Affairs published a document entitled "Hoang Sa, Changsha Islands and International Law" as a footnote to this history. "Viet Nam requested China to help manage Bailongwei Island in Beibu Gulf, and it was withdrawn on 1957". Interestingly, the temples on the island are dedicated to Tian Fei (Mazu) and General Fu Bo. General Fu Bo was Ma Yuan who sent troops in the Eastern Han Dynasty (now North Vietnam). The relevant officials of the Marine Department of the Legal Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China clearly pointed out: "Bailongwei Island does belong to Vietnam." During the entry into force ceremony of the China-China Fisheries Cooperation Agreement on July/KOOC-0/day, all Vietnamese fishing boats were prohibited from entering the waters within 0/5 nautical mile of Bai Rowen Island/KOOC-0. The Hainan Provincial Government of China instructed all localities to do a good job in the resettlement of 15000 fishermen who abandoned their boats and landed because of the loss of traditional fishing areas. Why don't Vietnamese fishermen abandon their boats and go ashore? In order to fully implement the strategic plan of "implementing marine development" put forward by the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, implement the Outline of National Marine Economic Development Plan, promote the sustained and rapid development of China's marine economy, and realize the goal of "building a well-off society in an all-round way and accelerating socialist modernization", the State Oceanic Administration proposed to carry out the special project of "comprehensive survey and evaluation of China offshore" in view of the low level of comprehensive marine survey and basic conditions in China. According to the responsibilities entrusted by the State Council, the State Oceanic Administration organized experts from all sides to conduct in-depth research on the establishment of offshore investigation projects. After a year and a half of investigation and study, the opinions of relevant departments and local governments were solicited for many times and revised repeatedly, and the proposal of "offshore investigation" was formed. On February 2, 2003, the State Oceanic Administration organized 17 academicians in the fields of physical oceanography, marine biology, geology and geophysics, environmental science, coastal science and information technology, and experts from relevant departments to demonstrate the Project Proposal. Experts agree that the comprehensive survey and evaluation of China's offshore ocean is an urgent basic work to implement the strategy of "ocean development" and promote the implementation of the Outline of National Marine Economic Development Plan, which is far-reaching and imperative; The special project aims at developing marine economy, based on serving marine development and management, and the investigation area is determined as the offshore area closely related to economic development, with clear theme, accurate positioning and implementation conditions. The proposal of "Comprehensive Survey and Evaluation of Offshore Marine in China" was reviewed and countersigned by the Ministry of Finance, the National Development and Reform Commission, the General Staff Department and the Ministry of Land and Resources, and reported to the State Council. In September, 2003, the State Council officially approved the "Comprehensive Survey and Evaluation of Offshore Oceans in China" (referred to as "908 Special Project"). The "908 Special Project" clearly defined the theme of highlighting the development of marine economy and the purpose of serving national decision-making, economic construction and marine management. The "908 Special Project" will be a new milestone in China's marine survey, a catalyst for the upsurge of marine development in the new century, and a paving stone for building a maritime power. After the State Council approved the project, the State Oceanic Administration immediately started the special preparatory work and the compilation of the overall implementation plan. On the basis of comprehensive study of historical materials, organize experts to carry out multidisciplinary, multi-technical and multi-field research, and solicit opinions and suggestions from relevant departments and coastal areas. After in-depth research and expert discussion, academicians of China Academy of Sciences and China Academy of Engineering were invited to participate in the research and deliberation, and finally the overall implementation plan of comprehensive marine survey and evaluation in China offshore was formed. Overall goal: The overall goal of this project is to "build a well-off society in an all-round way and accelerate socialist modernization" proposed by the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. Fully implement the strategic deployment of "implementing marine development" and actively promote the implementation of the Outline of the National Marine Economic Development Plan. Grasp the changing trend of China's offshore marine environment to meet the needs of national decision-making, economic construction and marine management. Through the implementation of this special project and the application of the results, the following objectives can be achieved: to master the offshore marine environment and resources in China, as well as the status of marine development and utilization, marine ecological environment and changing trends; Grasp the basic support and security guarantee provided by the ocean for the country to achieve sustainable development, and clarify the potential contribution of the ocean in food and energy and water resources security, national economic construction demand and resource connectivity, national ecological security, national biological security, coastal life and property security and quality of life improvement; Grasp the carrying capacity that the ocean can provide for the social and economic development of the country, including resource carrying capacity, environmental carrying capacity and ecological carrying capacity, so as to adjust the marine industrial structure and productivity layout, plan the scale and speed of urbanization development in coastal areas, promote the coordinated development of the east and the west, and provide basic information on the basic situation and dynamic changes of marine resources, environment and ecology for the formulation and implementation of national marine policies; Provide a basic platform for national marine management decision-making and marine development decision-making, and promote the organic connection between decision-making and scientific investigation and evaluation; Establish a "digital ocean" information infrastructure and a dynamic monitoring system for marine ecology, environment and resources for the country, effectively adjust the relationship between national and local marine interests, and ensure that the country keeps abreast of changes in marine resources; To provide a basis for strengthening the role of the ocean in the socio-economic development of coastal areas and improving the marine management and scientific and technological service system in coastal areas; It provides decision support for solving the problems of urbanization development, industrial structure adjustment, special habitat protection and utilization, and regional economic construction in coastal areas.