The study shows that there are four distribution forms of volcanic rocks and pyroclastic rocks in the source beds of China rift basin: basic volcanic rocks and calcareous shale are generated in the same layer in the main source beds; Forming an interbed of neutral volcanic rocks and source rocks in coal-bearing source beds; Generate organic matter-rich layers in volcanic debris and gypsum-salt-bearing hydrocarbon source layers; Volcanic walls and bedrock in source beds. The first three types of volcanic rocks and pyroclastic rocks were formed by simultaneous or quasi-simultaneous eruption and deposition with source rocks, and the fourth type was the result of magma intrusion during the burial of source rocks.

1. Basalt-dark shale assemblage

Mudstone and oil shale rich in organic matter are mixed with different amounts of basaltic lava and tuff, and contain dolomite biolimestone lens, tuffaceous mudstone and alkaline altered minerals. For example, there are basalt and tuff interlayers in the dark mudstone and oil shale of Qingshankou Formation in Songliao Basin. There are nearly 100 layers of lava and clastic tuff with a total thickness of 500 meters in mudstone and oil shale of Yangji-Linfanjia and Weijiaji-Yuhuangmiao in Lijin sag of Dongying, and there are also many volcanic rocks and tuffs in mudstone of the first member of Shahejie Formation. Mudstone, basalt and pyroclastic rocks rich in pebbles are also well developed in the oil shale of the first member of Shahejie Formation in Gudao-Zhuangxi area of Zhanhua Depression. The volcanic eruption of Shahejie Formation 3- Shahejie Formation 2 in Yangxin Depression lasted for 5.5Ma, with frequent eruptions, mainly basaltic tuff and diabase. Magma intrudes into lacustrine mudstone and interbeds with mudstone or calcareous mudstone in the form of volcanic eruption or bedding intrusion at the bottom of lake. For example, the sedimentary interlayer in the volcanic rock section of Well Shahejie 4 reaches 1 1. There are also a large number of thin basalt, tuff or pyroxene in the source rocks of the third and fourth members of Shahejie Formation in the south of Dongpu Depression. Basalt bodies are also developed in the thick source rocks in the middle and lower part of the third member of Shahejie Formation in Binnan area, and their specific characteristics will be discussed in the next chapter.

2. Basalt-gypsum rock-dark shale assemblage

Mud shale rich in organic matter is interbedded with gypsum-salt rocks with different thicknesses, and there is a small amount of basaltic lava at the bottom or top. In addition to the dolomite-rich biolimestone lens, there are many altered minerals such as analcite, sodium zeolite and sodium bicarbonate. For example, in the north of Dongpu, on the basis of the lake blocked by the volcano formed in the early stage, multiple cycles of deep eruption volcanic rocks developed in the second and first members of Shahejie Formation along the fault fracture zone, forming an interbedded layer of source rocks and gypsum rocks with a thickness of 2 ~ 3 km. According to seismic reflection profile, drilling, logging and coring data, the interbedded dark mudstone and gypsum rock is a continuous transition relationship and belongs to underwater volcanic eruption deposition. The source rocks (dark shale and gypsum rhythmic layer) in the second member of Biyang Depression are interbedded with sodium bicarbonate, and basaltic lava flows are sandwiched at the bottom and middle of the source rocks, which are rich in sodium bicarbonate, alkali-bearing dolomite, analcite, sodium zeolite and sodium bicarbonate, and are zeolite-containing bittern minerals marked by deep hydrothermal jet (Figure 1-53). In addition, Jinghezhen Formation and Qianjiang Formation in Jianghan area also belong to this combination type.

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