On martial arts, Zhao Yun is inferior to Lu Bu, Guan Yu, Zhang Fei, Ma Chao, Huang Zhong, Wei Yan and others. Lyu3 bu4 "Bowed his horse, his arm strength was superior, and his name was General Fei". Guan Yu and Zhang Fei are both known as "enemies of ten thousand people" and regarded as "tiger ministers". Ma Chao is called "heroes of the world" by Zhuge Liang. Huang Zhong "often falls into Chen (array) first and bravely champions the three armies". Where is Zhao Yun? Its bravery is beyond doubt. In the battle between Liu Bei and Cao Cao for Hanzhong, he calmly refused the enemy, winning more with less, and was praised by Liu Bei as "everyone has courage", and was named general from then on. This is comparable to Zhang Liao's crushing defeat of Sun Quan in Hefei, which made Sun Quan "invincible and fearless", and Gan Ning robbed Wei Ying with a hundred horses and made Cao Jun "shocking the world"; But in terms of his martial arts and fame, he was still slightly inferior to the above-mentioned people at that time.
In terms of achievements, Zhao Yun is inferior to Guan Yu, Zhang Fei, Ma Chao and Huang Zhong. Guan Yu is Liu Bei's right-hand man and has always played an important role in the process of starting a business. As early as the fourth year of Jian 'an (199), when Liu Bei reoccupied Xuzhou, he sent Guan Yu to "guard Pi City, and things are in a satrap"; Before Battle of Red Cliffs, Liu Bei's military strength was mainly divided into two parts: one part was Jiangxia Army led by Liu Qi, and the other part was "Guan Yu's water army, with a fine armor of ten thousand people"; After Battle of Red Cliffs, Liu Bei won several counties in Jingzhou, that is, "Yu was the prefect and general of Xiangyang and stationed in Jiangbei"; Liu Beixi decided Yizhou, "worshiping the East Governor Jingzhou", which shows the depth of dependence. Guan Yu defeated Coss in Jingzhou, demoted his class, beheaded Pound, "shocked China" and even "Tso planned to move the capital more to avoid its sharpness", which can be said to be a great achievement. Zhang Fei's career is not as good as Guan Yu's, but also Liu Bei's arm. After Battle of Red Cliffs, "flying is the best way to defend and recruit generals" is unique; After Liu Bei captured Yizhou, he "led the Brazilian satrap to fly" and was in the front line of confrontation with Cao Jun, who newly occupied Hanzhong. He defeated the famous Cao Jun Zhang He and made important contributions to Liu Bei's consolidation of Yizhou's rule. Ma Chao did not submit to Liu Bei until the 19th year of Jian 'an (2 14), but he was already famous for his brave fighting skills. So in Liu Bei's army, Liu Zhang, besieged by Liu Wei Bei in Chengdu, was demoralized and surrendered in Kaesong, which made a great contribution to Liu Bei. In the twenty-fourth year of Jian 'an (2 19), Huang Zhong personally beheaded the famous Xia, which made great contributions to Liu Bei's capture of Hanzhong. Wei Yan has been guarding Hanzhong since the twenty-fourth year of Jian 'an, and has provoked the heavy responsibility of protecting Yizhou and managing the Northern Expedition base. After Liu Bei's death, as the first general of Shu and Han, he made great contributions to the war in the south and the north. Where is Zhao Yun? I have been following Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang for a long time, rarely fighting alone, and my achievements are naturally less outstanding.
Because of this, in Han Shu Group, Zhao Yun's position is not only inferior to Guan Yu and Zhang Fei, but also inferior to Ma Chao, Huang Zhong and Wei Yan. In the twenty-fourth year of Jian 'an, Liu Bei called the King of Hanzhong, worshiped Guan Yu as a former general, and took a leave of absence (it has been named Hanshou Tinghou); Worship Zhang Fei as the right general, false festival (has been named the first in the new pavilion); Worship Ma Chao as the left general and have a holiday (already named Du); Worship Huang zhong as the post-general and give him the title of Hou in Guannei; Wei Yan was promoted to be the general in charge of Zhenyuan, Hanzhong, and was in charge of the satrap of Hanzhong. At this time, Zhao Yun is just a general of Yi Jun. In the first year of Zhangwu (22 1), Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor. In addition to Guan Yu and Huang Zhong, Zhang Fei moved his car and rode his generals, took charge of a captain, and entered Xixiang Hou. Ma Chao moved to a title of generals in ancient times, led Liangzhou animal husbandry, and entered the countryside; Wei Yan also went to visit General Zhenbei. At this time, Zhao Yun's official position has not been promoted. In the fifth year of Jianxing (227), Zhuge Liang was stationed in Hanzhong, preparing for a massive northern expedition. At this point, Guan, Zhang, Ma and Huang Xun have passed away; Wei Yan, as the general of Zhenbei and the Duke of Hou Ting, served as the front committee of the viceroy and led the Prime Minister Sima and Liangzhou to study history. On the other hand, Zhao Yunze is still less important than Wei Yan as a general in Zhendong and a pavilion in Yongchang. This situation continued until Zhao Yun died.
However, Zhao Yun in history is by no means mediocre. He has some outstanding qualities:
First, understand the righteousness. In that turbulent era, the touchstone of a person's character is who uses his literary talent and martial arts. At that time, many people covet their own wealth and help others abuse it, and more people are driven by ignorance. What about Zhao Yun's choice? According to Zhao's biography, when Zhao came from Gongsun Zan-
At that time, Yuan Shao called Jizhou an idyllic place, and the obedience of Jizhou people left a deep impression on him. Good clouds came to him. He sneered at Yun Chang and said, "I heard that people in Guizhou want the Yuan family. Why can you return to your heart alone?" The cloud replied: "The world is fierce, I don't know who it is. The people have been demoted to the county (suspended) and despised the state council. From the perspective of benevolent governance, it is not to ignore Yuan's public and private affairs. "
This passage can be regarded as Zhao Yun's political declaration. His principle-"being benevolent"; His goal is to solve people's problems. In feudal society, this should be said to be a valuable ideal of life. He voted for Gongsun Zan first and then for Liu Bei, not only out of personal feelings. It is this that makes Zhao Yun much higher than the average soldier.
Second, loyalty and righteousness dare to remonstrate. There is such a record in "Biography of Zhao Yun":
With the establishment of Yizhou, it is time to discuss the distribution of houses in Chengdu and mulberry fields outside the city. Yun retorted, "Huo Qubing thinks that it is useless to have a home until the Huns are extinct. Nowadays, traitors are not only Huns, but also unable to make peace. The world should be decided, each against mulberry, each to his native land. The people of Yizhou, who suffered from the mutiny for the first time, can return their farmland houses, so that they can settle down and resume their jobs, and then they can transfer to the military and get their favor. " The first owner followed it.
This incident tells us that Zhao Yun's mind is clearer than many people at the same time. He can not only consider the long-term interests of Liu Bei Group, but also pay attention to winning the hearts of the people. No wonder Liu Bei immediately adopted his suggestion.
When Liu Bei was ready to crusade against Wu Dong and take revenge for attacking Jingzhou and killing Guan Yu, Zhao Yun stepped forward and tried to dissuade him, pointing out: "The traitor is Cao Cao, not Sun Quan ... You can't gather Wei and fight Wu first." Because Liu Bei rejected the rumors of Zhao Yun, Fu Qin and others, he went his own way and was finally defeated by Yiling, weakening Shu Han. This proves the correctness of Zhao Yun's viewpoint from the opposite side.
Throughout the history of Han Shu Group, among many military commanders, others have never lectured Liu Bei bluntly on fundamental plans like Zhao Yun, which is another place for Zhao Yun to meet people.
Third, fairness. Zhao Yun has followed Liu Bei for many years, and has always been self-denying and devoted to public affairs, without favoritism. Before Battle of Red Cliffs, Liu Bei defeated Xiahou, the general of Cao Cao, at Bowangpo. . Zhao Yun captured his subordinate Xia Houlan in the battle. He and Xia Houlan are fellow villagers and know each other. In this case-
Bai Yun survived first, recommended Ming Lan to the law, and thought that the army was right. Clouds don't have to be close. ...
Not privately sold, but reported to Liu Bei; Not to help individuals, but to recommend talents for Liu Bei; Business is business, which is awesome! Zhao Yun's excellent quality has long been appreciated by Liu Bei, so Liu Bei used to be his stay camp, "taking care of things"; And he has always been a conscientious and impartial director. In contrast, Yang Yi, who likes and dislikes himself and has feelings of praise and disparagement, is far from it.
Fourth, be modest and prudent. Zhaoyun is second only to Guan Yu and Zhang Fei in Han Shu Group, and has the merit of rescuing Liu Chan. But he never takes credit, never strives for fame and fortune, and can get along well with people who come from behind. This is beyond the reach of Guan Yu, who is only proud, and Wei Yan, who is noble in nature. In the sixth year of lite (228), Zhuge Liang went out of Qishan and was defeated by Jieting. The suspected soldiers led by Zhao Yun and Deng Zhi also retreated in Ji Gu. When retreating, because Zhao Yun personally broke off, the troops were not in chaos. "The military assets have not been abandoned." Zhuge Liang appreciated this very much and wanted to reward Zhao Yun and his soldiers. At this time, Zhao Yun was not complacent, but said sincerely: "What is a gift if the military merits are not beneficial? Please write it down in the red bank vault and give it in October. " Through this sincere and touching speech, we can see the strictness of self-discipline and the openness of mind. Shallow, conceited and boastful people can't turn back! -In a word, Zhao Yun in history, although he can't dominate the world in his career, has human virtues. All these provide a solid historical foundation for the shaping of Zhao Yun's artistic image.