Confucius, Mencius, Zhuangzi, Duke Zhou, Guan Zhong, Sun Bin, Xiang Yu, Liu Bang, Han Xin, Sima Qian, Li Guang, Zhuge Liang, Sun Quan, Cao Zhi, Qu Yuan, Li Bai, Du Fu, Guo Ziyi, Li Shangyin, Li Yu, Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, Bai Juyi, Ouyang Xiu, Su Shi, Yue Fei, Li Qingzhao, Xin Shi.
Hugo, Balzac, Tolstoy, Roman Roland, Hemingway, Gorky, Shakespeare, etc.
In addition, the clever use of some classical materials can also play a great role in your writing. The following article may be helpful to you:
Application of Classical Materials in College Entrance Examination Composition
Looking at NMET's excellent compositions in recent years, we feel more and more deeply that the textbook is a promising world, especially the classical literature part of the textbook, which provides us with an example of writing from the aspects of language, material, structure and form. Studying the classical literature in textbooks and carefully pondering its language, skills, thoughts and feelings will undoubtedly be of great benefit to our writing. The content of classical literature in the textbook is mainly reflected in the excellent composition of the college entrance examination:
Quoting poems and songs to show reading breadth
Extensive accumulation, especially the rich accumulation of classical literature, shows the breadth of the creator's reading in the article Proper quotation of poetry and prose can not only increase the literary talent of the article, but also give play to the concise characteristics of classical literature and express profound ideological connotation. For example, in 2004, Sichuan's perfect composition "Laugh at the pain when encountering setbacks":
"Old and strong, I would rather be moved; If you are poor, you will think about it, and you will not lose your ambition. " Wang Bo, one of the four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty, was "troubled". However, in the face of setbacks, he can master life and smile at it. Imagine, without Wang Bo's broad-minded mind, how could he sing "However, China keeps our friendship, and heaven is still our neighbor"?
"Bad luck, bad luck" indicates a setback, but it is precisely because of this spirit of "being old and strong" and "being poor and strong" that we sang the eternal swan song. The quotation of this poem not only profoundly expounds that we should not magnify the pain in the face of setbacks, but face life directly, so as to get rid of the pain and create brilliant truth, but also shows the author's solid accumulation.
For another example, in 2003, Shaanxi excellent composition "Emotion and Reason" selected a large number of classic materials: Qu was wise because of his temperament, and Li Bai was immortal because of his true feelings, which is the expression of true feelings. Zhou Youwang's national subjugation and Tang Xuanzong's mistake were the results of not transcending feelings. Fan Zhongyan controls emotions, and "worrying about the world first" is to make rational use of emotions. The quotation of these ancient things shows the author's rich knowledge of literature and history, enriches the argument and deepens the theme.
Show your writing talent with famous words
Pragmatics is to integrate famous sayings into the author's language, which is not only a euphemism for famous sayings, but also a display of the author's talent.
When we are moved by foreign objects, they also show their own character. Zhang longed for seclusion, but in the peach blossom water, he didn't have to go back to the green bamboo hat, green hemp fiber, oblique wind and drizzle; When Lin Daiyu was in the window, she felt the desolation of relying on others. Liu Yuxi is open-minded, and everyone is sad for autumn. But he tasted the poetry of the white crane on the white clouds and sang "Autumn wins the spring dynasty" ... (In 2003, Guangdong examinee "Is Haitang still there? Green fat and red thin ")
As soon as this article is written, people can see the heavy accumulation of literature, and as soon as it is written, it is full of literary talent, which not only accurately expresses ideas, but also makes people feel the diversity of languages, fully demonstrating the author's writing talent.
Another example is the perfect composition Su Shi's Red Cliff in Hainan in 2004.
His thoughts are like wings, flying slowly, pouring a glass of wine and looking at the river, which is a memorial to the lost hero and a nostalgia for his past. Yes! He is awake: instead of leaving a legacy on the hate platform, it is better to mourn for my life, take the color of the mountain and listen to the songs sung by the wind on the river. He is no longer pessimistic and miserable.
Integrating the original into the text naturally becomes a part of the author's expression of ideas, which is very natural to read, without revealing any traces of carving, and full of emotion.
Rewrite stories and create classical emotions
Rewriting is similar to a new story, expressing modern stories or ideologies with the help of ancient characters, and conveying modern ideas with plots or languages full of classical charm, so as to make the past serve the present. For example, in 2004, a candidate in Shandong wrote an article in the form of an ancient seminar, expressing the view that we should listen to other people's opinions while believing in ourselves. Jia Yi, Du Mu, Su Xun, Mencius, Xiang Yu, Confucius and others expounded their views in the language of famous articles such as Guo Qin Lun, A Fu, Six Kingdoms Lun, Ten Thoughts on Emperor Taizong. The whole character's language is cadence and full of classical flavor. For another example, in 2004, Zhao Jun, a candidate from Shaanxi Province, wrote an article expressing the theme that "sadness can also be turned into happiness, and suffering can also be turned into happiness-it depends on what you think" through the changes of Zhao Jun's thoughts and feelings on his way to the Great Wall. The colorful description of court life and personal experience in the article are immersed in the classical atmosphere of Qin Brick and Han Wa.
Rewriting can also put modern characters in the ancient atmosphere and write today's events in the form of ancient prose. For example, in 2002, Jiangsu examinee's article Peacock flies southeast:
Peacocks fly southeast and wander for five miles.
"I entered primary school at the age of five, entered the province at the age of nine, traveled to Nantah at the age of fifteen, and was a graduate student at the age of twenty. My living conditions are very good, and I'm not worried about finding a job at all. Dong Jiapo also praised, Xi Jiazhen also praised, brothers and sisters laughed, and parents were happy! " Good people come down in one continuous line, all over Nanjing.
This paper uses the ancient poem Peacock Flying Southeast to express the ideal of contemporary youth who are determined to join in the development of the western region. The full-text sentence is neat, the rhythm is harmonious and the characters are vivid. It has a strong classical charm and a strong modern flavor, which can be called a masterpiece of rewriting ancient Chinese.
Dialogue between ancient and modern highlights creativity and wit
In the composition of college entrance examination, some articles break the boundaries of time and space in the form of dialogue between ancient and modern times, thousand-year thinking, and integration between ancient and modern times, reflecting distinct ingenuity and creativity.
In 2004, a candidate in Gansu province directly "talked" with Xiao Shenyang in the form of letters in the article "A Letter to Xiao Shenyang" to express his views. Taking advantage of the dislocation of time and space, the author analyzes the personality characteristics of Xiao Shenyang, who doesn't look at himself or others, and the dirty soul in his eyes, which is "only dazzling with golden light", and skillfully blends history with reality, giving people enlightenment.
The monologue with the ancients in the form of dialogue in the second person is also a style of dialogue between ancient and modern times. For example, in 2004, Jiangsu's perfect composition "Woman by the Water" was written with a strong sense of "Ru"-Lin Daiyu, which read like cordial communication between sisters and deep affection of good friends. At the end of the article wrote:
Daiyu, you are always fighting like this, for your original intention and for your unchanging aura. Perhaps, you have broken your head, perhaps, you passed away with that unforgettable regret, but, like water, you brought indelible spirituality and unchangeable ambition.
What this passage makes us feel is the surging strong personal feelings: praise, regret and lament for Daiyu ... and all this is largely due to the kind dialogue form.
Form innovation highlights the thinking of seeking difference
Form serves the content, and proper form can promote the expression of the content. From what angle to write, often determines the success or failure of the idea. People who can write articles should first consider the angle of writing and the expression of content before writing. In recent years, many works have incorporated classic materials into the novel form, and achieved refreshing results.
In 2003, Masu was beheaded by Chongqing examinee Kong Ming with tears in his eyes, which was expressed in the form of one-act drama. Compact plot, concentrated conflict, vivid characters and personalized language make the play express rich ideological content in a limited space, and the combination of classic materials and novel forms endows the article with strong appeal in content and vision. Faced with a large number of normative articles of "deja vu", this form of expression will naturally make readers shine at the moment and cheer them up.
For another example, in 2003, Qu Yuan's Fu written by Gansu examinee, Biography of Fool written by Sichuan examinee, Grasping Emotion and Understanding of Things written by Guangdong examinee respectively reflected novel thinking and creativity in the form of Fu, biography and film.
Looking at NMET's excellent composition, we deeply feel that the classic language, materials and background all serve the theme of the composition and the theme of writing, and they are all a medium for modern people to express their thoughts. This is the same feature, it is taken from the classics, not limited to the classics.
As long as the roots are deeply rooted in the fertile soil of classical literature and draw inexhaustible nutrition, the garden of writing is eternal spring.