No matter in study or work, everyone has written a paper, which is a tool for academic exchange. The following is the standard format of the network references I collected for you, which is for reference only and I hope it will help you.
Standard format of network references
Electronic document-[serial number] Principal. Title of electronic document [electronic document and carrier type identification]-source or accessible address of electronic document, release or update date/reference date (optional).
[example]:
1. book L Matsumura.M. (1995), The Voice of Evolution, [online] available:/periodic/zgxdb/zgxdb99/zgxx9910/991000.
3. Newspapers L Samuel R. Desmond Jr. M.D. and Leigh McKinney (April 2000 14), "Promoting the Beginning of Literature", Newsweek. [online] available at:/zdxw/8/20000407/200040786.html (2000/4/17)
4. Independent webpage (with author's name) L Wanda Pratt. (March 5 1997) "guide to the survival of graduate schools". [Online] Available:. net/~ CG/index 1 . htm(2000/4/ 17)
6. Send an email to David Ross. , "List Policy on Copyright Quotations". Kqsrvmwvd @ computerauthor.com (April 65438 +7, 2000)
1. Reference is one of the important information sources for the statistics and analysis of citation of periodical papers. This specification adopts the sequential coding system recommended by GB 77 14.
Second, the reference description project
A main person in charge (monograph author, editor-in-chief of anthology, degree applicant, patent applicant, report writer, periodical chapter author, precipitation article author). Multiple principals are separated by ",". Please note that the abbreviation "."is not allowed in this data. The main person in charge only lists the names, and then does not add the responsibilities such as "writing", "editing", "editor-in-chief" and "co-editing". B. Title and version of the document (the first version is abbreviated).
C. identification of document type and carrier type.
D. Publication project (place of publication, publisher, year of publication).
E. the source of the document or the accessible address of the electronic document.
F. Start and end page numbers of the document.
G. Document standard number (standard number, patent number ...).
Three. Types of reference documents and their identification
1. According to GB 3469, the following types of references are identified by a single letter:
Reference types, monographs, papers, newspapers, periodicals, articles, dissertations, reports and standard patents.
File type recognition
2. It is suggested that the single letter "A" should be used as the document type identification in monographs and papers; For other unspecified literature types, it is suggested to use the single letter "Z".
3. For the citation of electronic documents such as databases, computer programs and bulletin board system, it is suggested to use the following two letters as identification:
Electronic bulletin of electronic reference database computer program
Electronic file type identification database
4. The carrier types of electronic documents and their identification.
For electronic documents with non-paper carriers, when citing as references, it is necessary to indicate the carrier type in the reference type identification. This specification suggests using two letters to indicate the carrier type of electronic files: magnetic tape)-MT, magnetic disk)-DK, CD-ROM-CD, online)——OL, and indicating the reference type identification including the carrier type in the following format:
[File Type Identification/Carrier Type Identification]
Such as: [db/ol]-online database online.
A database on tape.
[m/CD]- CD monograph
[CP/DK]- Disk software (computer program on disk)
Online serial
[EB/ol]- Online bulletin board system.
Traditional literature with paper as the carrier does not need to indicate the carrier type when it is cited as a reference.
Extension: the standard format of Chinese references in papers
First, the description format of references
1, author of the journal. Title [J] Name of publication, year of publication, volume (issue): page numbers.
2. Monograph author. Title [m]. Version (first edition not recorded). Place of publication: publisher, year of publication: page number.
3. Author, title [c] and editing procedure, name procedure, place of publication: publisher, year of publication: start and end pages.
4. Author of the paper. Title [D] Save the location. Save unit. Year.
5. Title of the patent document [P]. Country. Types of patent documents. Patent number. publication date
6. Standard number. Standard name
7. newspaper author. Title. Newspaper name. Publication date (version)
8. Author of the report. Title [R]. Save the location and year.
9. Author of electronic document. Title [Identification of electronic documents and carrier types]. The source and date of the document.
Second, the types of documents and their identification
1, according to the provisions of GB3469, various commonly used documents are identified as follows:
(1) Journal [j]
(2) Monograph [m]
(3) Essay [c]
④ Dissertation [D]
⑤ patent [p]
⑥ standard
All landowners newspaper
⑧ Technical report [r]
2. The type of electronic document carrier is identified by two letters, as follows:
① magnetic tape [[〔MT〕]
② Disk [[〔DK〕]
③ compact disc [CD]
④ Online network [[〔OL〕]
3. The reference type identification method of electronic document carrier type is as follows:
Carrier type identification]. For example:
① Online online database [DB/OL]
② Tape database [DB/MT]
(3) CD-ROM books
④ Disk software [CP/DK]
⑤ Network Journals [J/OL]
⑥ Online electronic bulletin [EB/OL]
Document type identification
I. Types of references
The types of references (that is, citation sources) are identified by a single letter, as follows: m- monograph C- collection of essays N- newspaper article J- journal article D- dissertation R- report. Documents that do not belong to the above types are identified by the letter DZ‖.
For English references, we should also pay attention to the following two points:
(1) The author's name adopts the principle of ‖ D surname first and surname last, and the specific format is: surname, initials of first name. For example, Malcolm Richard Cowley should be Cowley, M.R. If there are two authors, the way of the first author remains the same. &; After that, the first letter of the second author's first name is put in front, and the last name is put behind. For example, Frank Norris and Owen Gordon should be: Norris, F.&; Gordon;
(2) Titles of books and newspapers are in italics, such as Mastering English Literature and English Weekly.
Second, the format and examples of references
1. Journal
Format [serial number] author. Title [J] Name of publication, year of publication, volume number (issue number): page number.
for instance
Wang Haisu. On the mode of accounting information disclosure [J]. Financial Research, 2004,21(1): 56-58.
[2] Xia Lvhui. Investigation report on graduation thesis teaching in colleges and universities [J]. Science Higher Education, 2004( 1):46-52.
[3] Heider, E.R. & ampD.C.Oliver. Color space structure in naming and memory of two languages [J]. Foreign language teaching and research, 1999, (3): 62 C 67.
2. Monographs
Format [serial number] author. Title [M]. Place of publication: publishing house, year of publication: page number.
For example, [4] Ge Jiashu and Lin Zhijun. Modern western financial accounting theory [M]. Xiamen: Xiamen University Press, 200 1.42.
[5] Jill, R. Mastering English Literature [M]. London: Macmillan, 1985: 42-45.
3. newspapers
Format [serial number] Author, article title [n], newspaper name, publication date (edition).
for instance
[6] Li Dalun. The importance of economic globalization. Guangming Daily, 1998- 12-27(3).
[7] Frenchman W. Between Silence: Voice from China [N]. Atlantic Weekly, 1987-8- 15(33).
Step 4 try
Format [serial number] author. Title [C]. Place of publication: publisher, year of publication: starting page number.
for instance
[8] Five Blessingg. Selected western literary theories [C]. Shanghai: Shanghai Translation Publishing House,1979:12-17.
[9] spivak: Can the common people speak? Part of ... In C. Nelson & Grosberg (editor. ). Victory on the Edge of Hell: Imitation. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1988, pp.27 1-3 13.
[10] Almarza, g.g. Knowledge growth of foreign language teachers of students [A]. In d. freeman and j. c. richards (editor. ). Teacher learning in language teaching [C]. New york: Cambridge University Press. 1996. Page 50-78.
5. Thesis
Format [serial number] author. Title [D] Place of publication: depositor, year of publication: starting page number.
for instance
Zhang Zhusheng. Invariant set of differential semi-dynamic system [D]. Beijing: Institute of Mathematics, Peking University Department of Mathematics, 1983: 1-7.
6. Research report
Format [serial number] author. Title [R]. Place of publication: publisher, year of publication: starting page number.
for instance
Feng Xiqiao. LBB Analysis of Pressure Piping and Pressure Vessel of Nuclear Reactor [R]. Beijing: Tsinghua University Institute of Nuclear Energy Technology Design and Research, 1997: 9- 10.
7. Procedures
Format [serial number] Publisher, regulation name and release date
For example, [15] Science and Technology Commission of the People's Republic of China. Measures for the administration of sci-tech periodicals [z]. 099 1-06-05
8. Translation
Format [serial number] Original author. Title [M]. Translation, translation. Place of publication: publishing house, year of publication: page number.
;