After the formation of fault structure by rock fracture, the cracks in rock mass generally increase, the rock is broken, the groundwater is developed, the weathering is serious, and the structural plane is weak, which reduces the strength and stability of the rock and causes various adverse effects on the project.

When studying highway route layout, we should pay special attention to the relationship between valley landform and fault structure. When the fault strike is parallel to the route, the subgrade is close to the fault fracture zone, which is easy to cause landslides. For the bridge foundation, it is necessary to find out the real situation of the fault and take reliable foundation engineering measures, otherwise it is not suitable for construction; For tunnel engineering, it is very unfavorable to encounter fault structure, so try to avoid contact with fault fracture zone; When the tunnel crosses the fault, reliable engineering measures should be taken to ensure the safety and stability of the project.