First of all, from the social, economic and political situation in China. China's national capitalism began to sprout in the second half of the19th century, but it never developed into an independent force due to the oppression of imperialism and feudalism. The national bourgeoisie has not completely severed its ties with imperialism and feudalism economically, nor has it the courage and strength to oppose imperialism and feudalism politically. Their weakness and vacillation determine that they have no ability to completely overthrow feudal rule, overthrow imperialism and strive for national independence, and can only rely on international capitalism for survival and development. China failed to develop into an independent and complete capitalist society, and this situation has not changed because of the ruling of the Kuomintang. After the Kuomintang came to power, it neither fulfilled its promise of "equal land rights" nor realized its proposition of "developing national industry and commerce". On the contrary, it accumulated a lot of wealth with feudal bureaucratic capital attached to imperialism and "four big families", which made China sink deeper and deeper into the quagmire of semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. Disappointed with the Kuomintang regime, ordinary people and intellectuals in China firmly stood on the side of China's * * * production party. Democratic parties clearly expressed their support for China's political and economic proposition of transforming old China and opening up new roads. Even intellectuals who advocate the third way are not opposed to the implementation of the socialist economic system in China. China embarked on the socialist road through the new-democratic revolution, winning the support of workers and peasants, the approval of intellectuals and the support of democratic parties.
Second, it comes from the influence of modern international environment and national crisis. It was in the era of imperialism and proletarian revolution. China must get rid of the shackles of imperialism in order to complete the historical task of anti-imperialism and feudalism in modern times. Comrade Mao Zedong pointed out: "The purpose of imperialist powers' aggression against China is by no means to turn feudal China into capitalist China." Their purpose is to occupy China's market, plunder China's resources and leave China in a colonial and semi-colonial state. The contradiction between China people and imperialism determines that China should choose the socialist road. Judging from the influence of modern international environment and national crisis. 1929- 1933 The economic crisis triggered by the United States plunged the capitalist world into the panic of economic, political and religious disasters, and the attractiveness of capitalism was increasingly questioned in the crisis. At the same time, the first five-year plan of the Soviet Union achieved brilliant results, and the influence of socialism quickly appeared. Under the impact of the economic crisis, the capitalist countries stepped up their economic plunder of China, while the Japanese flagrantly launched a war of aggression against China. The national crisis urges people to find a new way out. Under this historical background, China intellectuals attributed the success of the Soviet Union to the socialist system, planned economy and Marxism. When intellectuals thought about the future development path of China, many people expressed their eager pursuit of socialism, which triggered the climax of socialist thought.
Third, the leadership from the China Revolution. Judging from the characteristics of various social classes and strata in China, the peasant class is the greatest force of the democratic revolution, but due to their economic and cultural conditions, they are scattered and backward. The national bourgeoisie has a strong desire to develop the capitalist economy, but because it is inextricably linked with imperialism and feudalism, it has no thorough anti-imperialist and anti-feudal courage and ability; The working class is the most advanced, revolutionary and organized class in China and the natural leading class of China's democratic revolution. Therefore, the democratic revolution in China can only be a new-democratic revolution led by the proletariat. As the vanguard of the proletariat, the China Production Party naturally became the leader of the new-democratic revolution. In China, only the China Party and no other political forces can put forward a correct program, unite all progressive forces, fundamentally solve the anti-imperialist and anti-feudal problems in China, and solve the problems of realizing people's democracy and safeguarding national unity in China. The proletariat, as the leading class, and the Chinese production party, as the leader, will inevitably lead the new-democratic revolution to socialism after its completion. As Comrade Mao Zedong said, between these two stages, "it is not allowed to cross a stage of bourgeois dictatorship". This determines that China must take the socialist road.
Fourth, the influence of the October Revolution and the lessons of the drastic changes in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. We have found a way to build Socialism with Chinese characteristics, implemented the policy of reform and opening up, and the national economy has developed rapidly, benefiting the people. All these practices have educated the people of China and made us deeply realize that socialism is the only choice for China, and only by adhering to the road of building socialism with China characteristics can China become rich and strong. This has strengthen our determination and confidence in adhering to that socialist road. V. Direct Causes of Natural Formation First of all, capitalism has developed to a certain extent, creating a contingent of proletarians and laying a material class foundation for the socialist revolution. Then the widespread spread of Marxism enabled people to master powerful ideological weapons and establish a scientific world outlook. Finally, the sharp combination of class struggle and the establishment of proletarian political parties. All these make socialism the inevitable result of the development of China's new-democratic revolution.
In fact, at that time, China already had the basic factors to choose socialism, and the international environment at that time also prompted China to choose socialism. At that time, a number of outstanding proletarian revolutionary leaders were produced in our land. What kind of social system a country or a nation chooses is closely related to its historical development trend and has its historical decisiveness. Comrade Deng Xiaoping pointed out: "People have raised such a question: If China takes the capitalist road instead of the socialist road, will the people of China stand up and China turn over? Let's look at history. China is still a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society, which proves that the capitalist road is not feasible in China. China * * * producers adhere to Marxism, and Mao Zedong Thought, who insists on combining Marxism with China's reality, has taken its own road, that is, the road of encircling cities from rural areas, and the China Revolution has succeeded. " This argument fully shows that socialism is the inevitable choice of China's history.
To sum up, the reason why China chose the socialist road instead of the capitalist road was not determined by the subjective will of any political party or some people, but the choice made by the people of China, including workers, peasants, national bourgeoisie, petty bourgeoisie and other social classes, which was the inevitable result of historical development and laid a fundamental political premise and institutional foundation for all development and progress in contemporary China.