Re-examination of papers refers to plagiarism. Let's go to school. The review of the paper sorted out some problems. How to calculate plagiarism of academic papers? The article on the international standard of paper duplicate checking system provides some reference for paper duplicate checking, hoping to help you.

The relationship between eight plagiarism types recognized by the international publishing community and copyright;

1. plagiarize or cut sausages, copy and publish; Also known as repeated publication or "sausage" phenomenon, that is, breaking up a long article, here refers to the author repeatedly using his own substantive research content to publish many articles without indicating, especially a manuscript. If the act of signing copyright power of attorney with different journals involves infringement. However, if the experimental materials and methods of the two articles are similar, but the words are different, then there is no copyright issue involved. However, the measure of plagiarism depends on the policy of the journal.

2. Slight plagiarism; Refers to the plagiarism of a small number of words, which generally does not involve copyright.

3. Text plagiarism (literal translation, or word-for-word plagiarism; ); Copying a long paragraph or word for word, or just changing the title and abstract into chapters of your own article or book, this phenomenon involves counterfeiting, which is a serious violation of copyright law.

4. Image plagiarism; Refers to the plagiarism of charts, photos, etc. , and may also involve copyright.

5. Creative plagiarism; Refers to the plagiarism of substantive content, that is, the use of different words seriously involves copyright. But if you don't copy the original text directly, even if you copy the idea, you will sometimes escape the punishment of the law. Therefore, the copyright law will make the mistake of "protecting foxes but not wild boars".

6. aimless plagiarism; Take other people's words, designs, or other content at will, without any quotation or thanks, but if it doesn't involve substantive content, it can only be defined as plagiarism, not necessarily infringement.

7. Citing plagiarism or citing amnesia; It is a typical plagiarism to copy the original text after quoting and marking, and to take shortcuts to confuse the ownership of the text content, which belongs to the edge of infringement.

8. Large-scale plagiarism or piracy. Has produced economic benefits, that is, serious infringement of copyright.