With the upsurge of scientific and technological innovation in China in recent years, especially with the emphasis on cultivating innovative talents in colleges and universities and the vigorous development of students' entrepreneurial activities, it is necessary to reposition this hidden rule. In order to adapt to this new trend of current scientific and technological development, the sixth edition of this book has been revised as follows: 1. Maxillofacial distraction osteogenesis, as a very effective and useful new technology, has been applied in clinic for more than ten years abroad and developed in China for more than ten years. In order to promote and develop in the future, this edition has a separate chapter and has a comprehensive and detailed discussion. 2. Sleep is the basic physiological need of people. About 1/3 of a person's life is spent in sleep. Modern medicine attaches great importance to sleep, and March 2 1 is still the legal sleep day in the world. Oral and maxillofacial surgeons have the ability to diagnose and treat sleep and respiratory diseases, and they are also one of the important forces involved in many disciplines. To this end, this edition will also include a separate chapter on "obstructive sleep apnea". As the main method of surgical treatment, surgery can not only cure diseases, but also bring physical and psychological trauma. Therefore, since the advent of surgery, surgeons have been pursuing minimally invasive surgery from beginning to end in the process of surgical development. Minimally invasive surgery (minima 1 1y minimally invasive surgery), which was formally put forward in the late 1980s, developed rapidly and was considered as the mainstream of surgical development in the 20th century. Although the minimally invasive surgery of oral and maxillofacial surgery is not mature enough in technology or application scope, it is still being explored, but in order to point out the direction, this edition has added a chapter of "minimally invasive surgery of oral and maxillofacial surgery" to promote the development of minimally invasive surgery of oral and maxillofacial surgery. 4. Modern medicine has changed from a simple biotherapy model to a bio-psychological-social model. The results and expectations of disease treatment have also changed from simple cure to an era of equal emphasis on cure and quality of life. Functional surgery is the guarantee of quality of life. With the rapid development of digital science, computer-assisted surgery came into being, which promoted the progress of minimally invasive surgery and functional surgery. Therefore, in order to spread and popularize new concepts and knowledge, a new chapter "Functional Surgery and Computer Aided Surgery" is listed in this edition. 5. In order to adapt to the 1 clinical research and thesis writing that students with long academic system must complete during their study, the article "Clinical medical thesis writing and clinical medical research" is added to this edition. In view of the fact that long-term students have already studied the basis of clinical epidemiology, medical statistics and other courses, it is only used as an appendix for reference. Due to the update of content and the addition of new chapters, the book has been increased from the original chapter 14 to chapter 19 (including appendices), and the text has reached 870,000. Limited by the length of educational system and teaching hours, schools can teach selectively according to different educational systems and their own conditions; The rest can be used to teach students in accordance with their aptitude and can also be used as a reference for self-study.
2. What are the general nursing routines for oral and maxillofacial surgical diseases?
The general nursing routine of oral and maxillofacial surgery diseases is: 1.
Instruct patients in the new hospital to do X-ray chest film, electrocardiogram, urine and urine routine examination and blood routine examination, carefully explain the necessity and precautions of examination to patients, and patiently answer questions raised by patients. Blood examination includes blood routine, blood biochemistry, serum four items, coagulation function and blood type, which can help us to know whether there is heart failure, abnormal liver, kidney, lung and coagulation function, eliminate abnormal diseases and make full preparations for the operation.
2。 Guide the families of children with cleft lip and palate, stop sucking breast milk or bottles, and teach the families of children to feed with spoons.
Explain to the children's families that if they continue to suck milk after operation, it will affect the wound healing, resulting in wound infection and re-opening. At the same time, crying after operation will also affect wound healing. 3。
Explain the importance of postoperative diet to patients undergoing parotid gland surgery, quit all hot and sour foods and prevent the formation of branchial fistula. Local compression after parotidectomy is very important, and it must be compressed and bandaged for 5-7 days. If there is still effusion, you should continue to treat it until it is cured.
Improper pressure, loose dressing, water accumulation in the operation area, infection or salivary fistula, and difficulty in breathing when the dressing is too tight. 4。
For patients who need to wear nasal cannula to return to ward after operation, preoperative psychological counseling should be strengthened. Fully communicate with patients, explain successful cases, introduce surgical knowledge, build up patients' confidence, teach patients to expectorate in bed, turn over, defecate and talk with simple gestures, and obtain patients' full cooperation.
5。 Nursing of all kinds of pipes: keep the pipes of indwelling catheter and incision drainage tube unobstructed, and strictly observe the color, nature and quantity of urine and drainage fluid. If there is any abnormality, inform the doctor in time and assist in handling it.