Laiyang pear is a kind of fruit you may not know much about. So how much do you know about the taste and use of this fruit? Next, I would like to share with you some introductions about Laiyang pear, and welcome your reference.

Introduction to Laiyang Pear 1 Laiyang Pear, also known as Hippo Chef Pear, is a drupe, Rosaceae, a deciduous tree, and is one of the four excellent varieties of economically cultivated pears in Pak Lei. It is a specialty of Laiyang City, Shandong Province. It was listed as a symbol product of chinese national geography in 2009, and it has been cultivated for more than 400 years.

There is no mention of this variety in the records of local pear varieties in Laiyang County Records of Kangxi edition. It shows that Laiyang pear was planted earlier, but it did not attract attention in the early Qing Dynasty. In the Republic of China, Laiyang pear became more and more famous. For example, Shandong Tongzhi records that "there are the most floating mountains and Laiyang is the best", and Laiyang County records that Laiyang pears are "the crown of the fruit" and are trafficked to Yantai, Qingdao, Jinan, and even now Beijing, Tianjin, Liaoning, Shanghai, Guangdong and other places.

The following is divided into four parts to introduce and analyze the variety status of Laiyang pear.

(1) Species characteristics

First, the external characteristics of Laiyang pear, the fruit shape is inverted oval, the head is thick and the tail is thin, and the calyx is concave brown. The fruit is huge, the fruit stalk is convex around or to one side, and the fruit stalk is slightly inclined or straight. Its brown calyx is caused by its unique flower pinching management technology, not naturally formed. Second, the peel is green or yellow-green, the surface is rough, there are brown rust spots, and the fruit points are large and dense. The third is the internal characteristics. The pulp is tender and dense, with few stone cells, rich juice and crisp and sweet taste.

(2) chemical and organizational characteristics

Laiyang pear is produced in oily sandy land, which contains more mica and has strong reflectivity to light. Pear trees can fully carry out photosynthesis, thus producing a large number of organic matter and polysaccharides. Laiyang is located in the temperate monsoon climate zone, with a large temperature difference between day and night. The low temperature at night makes it difficult to consume sugar and accelerates the accumulation of sugar in pear fruit. At the same time, the high temperature during the day is conducive to the' metabolic decomposition' of acids in fruits, so the acidity in fruits is low. Therefore, its first chemical feature is its high sugar content, averaging about 12%, which is 2%-3% higher than that of ordinary pears. According to the determination of Chinese Academy of Sciences, the highest sugar content of Laiyang pear can reach 17.7%. The second characteristic is low acidity, only 0. 13%-0. 15%. The fine sand soil of oil sands contains a lot of humus, which is loose and has good permeability. "Laiyang County Records" records that the sandy land at the intersection of rivers is "vast sandy land with decaying grass." Therefore, Laiyang pear contains protein, vitamin B 1, vitamin B2, vitamin C, nicotinic acid and carotene, as well as organic acids and fruit acids such as malic acid and citric acid. It is also rich in 17 kinds of amino acids, including 10 kinds of amino acids needed by human body. The scouring of the upper reaches of the river brings a lot of minerals, so it contains trace elements such as iron, calcium, magnesium, zinc, phosphorus and boron.

Among pear varieties, the number of stone cells in the pulp has a great influence on the quality of pear, with less stone cells being the most important. The tissue characteristics of Laiyang pear are few stone cells, the diameter of stone cells is less than 150 micron, and the meat quality is good. According to the research of Laiyang Agricultural College (1978), there are two kinds of pear pulp cells, namely pericluster cells and intercluster cells. In pear pulp, the cells around the clusters are short or different in length, and the cells between clusters are large and many, so the fruit is delicate and juicy. The research shows that Laiyang pear has this kind of organizational characteristics.

(3) Quality inspection

Sugar content is an important index of fruit quality of Laiyang pear, and fruit hardness is also one of the components of fruit quality.

According to the paper "Effect of Timely Harvest on the Quality of Laiyang Pear" published in China Journal of Fruits and Vegetables 20 16, there are three main experimental detection methods: determination of sugar content, determination of hardness and determination of weight. Table 1 shows the change of sugar content of Laiyang pear from September 14 to October 30 10. Obviously, the sugar content reached its peak on 10 year123 October. Table 2 shows a downward trend with the passage of time, and Table 3 shows that the weight of Laiyang pear is increasing.

Accordingly, the highest sugar content of Laiyang pear is in the middle and late June of 10, and its sugar content can reach 13%~ 15%, during which the fruit reaches the best flavor. If the taste and storage effect are considered comprehensively, the best harvesting time is from the beginning to the middle of 10. From the single fruit weight, the single fruit weight of Laiyang pear can reach 450g in the middle of 65438+ 10, and it can reach more than 500g after continuous ripening. Although the weight is getting bigger and bigger, the weight of mature fruit increases less. Therefore, according to the three quality inspection methods in this paper, it can be determined that Laiyang pear is suitable for harvesting at suitable maturity and can be sold after transportation. Achieve the best edible flavor quality at maturity.

(D) the status quo of cooking processing and utilization

Laiyang pear is not only a delicious fresh fruit, but also has many cooking and processing methods. It can be made into dried pear, preserved pear, pear sauce, canned pear in syrup, and small-scale processing of wine and vinegar. The well-known products listed are mainly pear juice and pear paste.

These are some relatively small cooking methods.

These are two famous brands "Liruntang" and "Yipintang" that produce Laiyang pear juice.

Introduction of product characteristics of Laiyang pear No.2

The peel of Laiyang pear is yellow-green, rough and with brown rust spots. The fruit-shaped head is thick and the tail is thin, and the calyx is concave. On the surface, it is not beautiful, but after peeling, it holds a thick and hard fruit stalk, just like a milky snow cake. Its meat is tender, juicy and sweet, and its taste is crisp and sweet. It has a unique flavor and is the top grade of pears.

Laiyang pear is slightly dark green with brown spots and oval shape. Only a few acres of authentic Laiyang pears, also known as fragrant pears, are produced on both sides of the Wulong River in Laiyang, crisp and juicy. If you accidentally drop it, it will burst like water, quenching thirst and relieving summer heat.

Laiyang pear peel is yellow-green, rough with black spots, with a thick head and a thin tail, and the surface is not beautiful. However, after peeling, the thick and hard fruit stalks are held, and the meat is tender, sweet, crisp and delicious, with a unique flavor.

Origin environment

Laiyang pear is the best among pears because of its natural environment. Laiyang pears are mainly produced in the Wulong River Basin. There are five rivers in Laiyang, namely Qingshui River, Moshui River, Fushui River, Xianhe River and Bailong River. These five rivers meet at the mouth of Wulong River in Zhaowangzhuang. It has been deposited into a large oil-bearing sand. This fine sand soil contains a lot of humus and mica, which is loose, permeable and reflective to light. Therefore, the pear trees cultivated here can fully carry out photosynthesis, and because of the rapid temperature rise, rapid heat dissipation and large temperature difference between day and night, pear trees get sugar in photosynthesis during the day and are not easy to consume at night, which accelerates the accumulation of sugar in pear fruits. Therefore, the sugar content of Laiyang pear is about 14%.

trace the history (of)

Various Laiyang pears

The story The Legend of Laiyang Pear is very popular. Most scholars believe that the story originated in the late Ming Dynasty (1627) and was formed in the early Qing Dynasty (1658). According to Laiyang County Records, "It is said that Yi people got it in chiping", which means that there should be pears before the legend. According to the survey, there is still an old pear tree that has grown for more than 400 years in the Liyuan of Lvergang Village, Zhaowangzhuang Town, Laiyang, and its trunk is still very strong, with an annual output of nearly 300 to 400 kilograms.

"Laiyang County Records" contains: "On both sides of the county river and Zhangshui River, there are vast sandy soil and rotten plants." This kind of sandy soil is a special brown fine sandy soil, which contains a lot of mica and loose clods. It has good air permeability, is beneficial to the growth of pear trees, has strong light reflectivity and can make the leaves fully photosynthesis. This unique natural environment is the main reason for the unique flavor of Laiyang pear.

Laiyang pear is said to have been cultivated by Zhang Fengqing, a Yi nationality in Qing Dynasty, when he was an inspector in Chiping County. When he checked, he tasted a pear with thin skin, fine flesh and delicious taste, and then brought back pear buds to graft with local Du pear. However, according to new research, pears were never planted in chiping. Experts found the "five sisters" of Gigi Lai pear in Shandong, namely, Qingdao Lien pear, Zhucheng rock sugar pear, tengxian Chazi pear, Cao Xian crooked rough pear and Pingyuan county Jinxiang pear. They all have some properties of Laiyang pear, and they are similar in blood, but they are not as good as Laiyang pear and Laiyang pear living alone in various pears.

20 10 There are 42,400 employees in Laiyang pear industry, accounting for 80% of the total population of the town; The industrial added value was 423.9 million yuan, accounting for 66.8% of the town's GDP; Operating income/kloc-0.5 million yuan, accounting for 6/kloc-0.9% of the operating income of the secondary and tertiary industries in the town; The actual tax payment was 78 million yuan, accounting for 55.4% of the town's tax revenue, and the contribution to the town's finance was 5 1.8%.