In order to ensure the orderly progress of work or things, we need to make plans in advance. Planning is a detailed process of solving a problem or a project or a topic. What formats should I pay attention to when writing a scheme? The following is an analysis paper on financing risk management and control of small and medium-sized enterprises, which I collected for reference only. Let's have a look.
Abstract: Due to the limited scale of enterprises, insufficient capital guarantee channels and lack of comprehensive internal management ability, the existing sources of funds are often not smooth, which affects the internal sources of funds of enterprises to some extent. With the reform of the economic system, various management mechanisms are constantly being optimized and improved. Judging from the current development form, the financing sources of enterprises have been obviously improved. In short, strengthening the management and control of financial financing risks of small and medium-sized enterprises can enhance the competitive strength of enterprises, reduce financing risks, create a harmonious development environment for the steady development of the internal economy of small and medium-sized enterprises, improve the overall level of the industry, and then drive the orderly development of the whole market.
Keywords: small and medium-sized enterprises; Financial guarantee; Financing channels; Risk; environment
The development of the Internet has accelerated the development of global economic exchanges, the market environment has steadily improved, and the overall level of China's economy has also been significantly improved. Enterprises have played an important role in social and economic development, and the economic exchanges between different enterprises have increased significantly, showing a diversified development trend. Due to the different nature of enterprise development, there will inevitably be many interference factors in actual operation, which will bring many adverse effects to the economic development of enterprises and hinder the internal financing process. According to the analysis of market survey data, enterprises will face capital problems at this stage of development, especially the financing sources of small and medium-sized enterprises. If it is not effectively solved, the financing risk will increase, which will seriously hinder the realization of enterprise development goals. Therefore, enterprise managers should pay more attention to this link, integrate past experience, effectively prevent risks, do a good job in internal management, and solve worries for the steady development of production and operation in the later period.
1, the significance of strengthening SME financing risk prevention
At present, the fund-raising work belongs to the internal accounting work of enterprises, and it is a positive and beneficial development measure to serve the internal development of enterprises. In the specific operation stage, it is often interfered by external unfavorable factors, which hinders the normal development of the internal economy of the enterprise and affects the normal income of the enterprise. If the financing management is improper and inconsistent with the expected development direction, it will increase the probability of risks, affect the income of enterprises, increase liabilities, and lack sufficient repayment ability, which will seriously affect normal production and operation. In order to prevent risks thoroughly, enterprises should constantly improve their internal management systems, take preventive measures in advance, and improve their ability to deal with possible problems. Scientific and effective risk management measures, constantly optimize the internal management mechanism, strengthen the management and control of enterprise development and operation, effectively avoid financing risks, provide a high-quality market development environment for small and medium-sized enterprises, and finally ensure the sustained and stable growth of the internal economy of enterprises [1].
2, SME financing methods
2. 1 direct financing and indirect financing
Banks have always been an important financing channel for SMEs. In the capital investment of enterprises, the role of banks can be roughly divided into two modes: direct financing and indirect financing. Direct financing, the main mode of operation is to use its own fixed assets or stocks and securities to attract investors from all walks of life to participate in the purchase, and then obtain certain funds. This mode of operation builds a bridge between investors and enterprises with the help of financial services without the participation of banks. At the same time, this financing model is relatively direct and has a long cycle. Once a transaction occurs, it cannot be reversed. However, the financing generated by bank participation is of the opposite nature, with no circulation performance, relatively indirect, short term and reversible. With the help of banks, the scattered funds will be stored in a centralized way, and then distributed to enterprises in need, and with their assistance, connections will be established, while ensuring that the interests of both financing parties are consistent.
2.2 Endogenous financing and exogenous financing
In addition, financing projects can be divided into internal and external parts according to source channels. Internal financing comes from the enterprise's own funds, mainly including idle funds and part of operating income, and so on. These are all important sources of funds for enterprise development. This kind of internal financing operation can effectively avoid the leakage of internal secrets, reduce the debt risk and provide a complete guarantee for the sustained and stable development of enterprise economy. Because some small and medium-sized enterprises' own funds can't meet the development needs, they often need the financial support of external enterprises, which is what we often call external financing. These enterprises mainly include credit loans (non-financial) from social institutions and private financing, and sometimes foreign companies invest. This kind of operation is convenient and quick, simple and relatively abundant, so it is welcomed by small and medium-sized enterprises in various industries. However, it also has some disadvantages. If it is not handled properly in the financing process, it will easily lead to the disclosure of corporate secrets, and the risk is relatively large. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate a complete management system in the specific implementation stage and always be vigilant [2].
3. Management and control of financial financing risks of small and medium-sized enterprises.
3. 1 Weak awareness of financial risk control
Judging from the development status of small and medium-sized enterprises, managers' risk awareness is relatively weak and there is no systematic control mechanism. The internal management system has a poor awareness of risk prevention and is unaware of risk factors when they occur. Once it happens, it will be at a loss and cannot effectively deal with financing risks. Although some appropriate measures will be taken afterwards to recover some losses, it has become a fait accompli and caused irreparable losses to the enterprise. Due to the lack of effective internal and external risk management strategies and standardized dynamic management of the whole financing process, some risk factors are ignored, managers can not find them in time, and internal secrets of enterprises are stolen, resulting in irreparable losses. In addition, some high-level enterprises are short-sighted, pay too much attention to the role of money, pursue the supremacy of interests, and ignore the seriousness of financing risks. Employees in enterprises are also versatile, with low enthusiasm and no effective management system. Therefore, there are many problems in the work, and when risks strike, there is no awareness of prevention.
3.2 Lack of scientific financing planning
Small and medium-sized enterprises are limited by scale and funds, and the level of managers is limited. The financing plan only pays attention to the immediate reality and lacks long-term consideration. Only relying on the annual development goals of the enterprise itself in the specific financing planning leads to the lack of long-term and overall predictability of the whole plan. There is no effective plan for the enterprise's comprehensive indicators, long-term development planning, future capital demand and source channels, and it is impossible to achieve long-term capital guarantee, resulting in a shortage of later development capital chain. The financing operation is out of touch with the internal financial management of the enterprise, and the overall operating capital loss is too large, which leads to the soaring operating cost of the enterprise and the increased debt risk [3].
3.3 The accounting mechanism is not perfect
According to market research, at present, the internal structure of small and medium-sized enterprises is relatively simple, employees are mostly relational, and management is mostly due to the lack of standardized implementation basis. Especially in financial management, if a scientific and effective management system is not formed, it will bury major security risks and increase the probability of risks. What's more, in the financing stage, banks lack sufficient understanding of enterprises, the information does not match, the estimation results are distorted, the risk coefficient is high, and they cannot obtain enough bank loans. After a long time, the credibility of the bank is lacking and the financing channels are closed. Even though some enterprises have obtained short-term financing, due to improper financial management, the risk control in the whole operation is not in place and potential problems cannot be found in time. First, due to the defects in internal management, the internal personnel's rights and responsibilities are unclear, there is no scientific and effective financing plan internally, and it is not issued in time. Personal factors are often mixed in decision-making, which cannot effectively avoid risks [4]. Secondly, there is no systematic management mechanism for internal financing of enterprises, and the information matching degree is not high, which affects the promotion of project financing quota to a certain extent, resulting in insufficient funds of some enterprises and affecting normal production.
3.4 Poor financing channels
From the analysis of financing sources, bank credit loans are the main development channels for SMEs. For credit management, banks have strict standards, but at this stage, these enterprises have many shortcomings in scale and management, and it is difficult to bear the heavy assessment of banks in the financing process, and often the amount of funds obtained is small, which cannot meet their own development needs. Although we are also actively expanding other channels, both stocks and bonds are subject to certain policy constraints, and the overall approval amount is not high, and financing channels cannot be effectively guaranteed. In addition, some channels fluctuate greatly and are greatly disturbed by the market environment, which is not conducive to business and cannot form a stable source of financing.
4. Specific countermeasures to improve the management and control level of financial financing risks of SMEs.
4. 1 Establish a scientific financing planning system
According to the development goals of small and medium-sized enterprises, formulate supporting financing implementation plans. Look at the problem from the perspective of development, comprehensively analyze the enterprise's own operating conditions, internal structure, development direction and capital demand, and refer to all-round development factors to ensure that the financing plan meets the long-term economic development needs of the enterprise. The development of financing and financial control cannot be contradictory, both of which serve the development of enterprises, thus winning greater benefits for enterprises. Make financing plan according to the development direction of finance, so that financing work can better serve financial work. Strengthen internal management, make a long-term financing plan, make a reasonable plan from the channels of funds, make a long-term standardized financing management plan and make a scientific control structure.
4.2 Reasonable determination of capital requirements and financing opportunities
The development of financing should integrate various factors of market development, grasp the changes of international exchange rate, and comprehensively measure the control measures of market, finance and capital. According to various situations and real-time development trends that may interfere with the financing results, scientifically choose financing opportunities, pay attention to changes in national policies at any time, and adjust financing plans in time. On the basis of summing up the capital demand for its own development and operation, it is necessary to formulate a feasible financial management system, and through scientific calculation, it is concluded that the use of funds in different periods of the enterprise can be carried out in a planned way to meet the needs of daily production and operation [5].
4.3 Open up new financing channels
In the financing stage of small and medium-sized enterprises, we should actively introduce new tools to complete customized services according to the needs of enterprises. At the same time, do a good job in enterprise financial management, constantly optimize and innovate the internal management of various accounts receivable and loans of enterprises, form a perfect management system, and reduce the financing risk of enterprises. Common financing methods for small and medium-sized enterprises include chattel mortgage and lease. We should constantly improve and give full play to the role of these resources to provide a more perfect guarantee for the development and operation of enterprises. Keep learning, constantly expand financing sources, learn modern science and technology, give full play to the role of the network, develop various financing modes such as peer-to-peer lending, crowdfunding and tripartite operation with the help of the advantages of the network platform, and take advantage of the characteristics of high liquidity and strong supervision of online credit business to reduce the cost input of enterprises and improve the actual operation efficiency.
4.4 Improve the system construction and strive to improve the management level of enterprises.
In order to improve the practical application effect of enterprise financing, it is necessary to strengthen internal management and form a high-level work team. In combination with the actual development, we will constantly improve the internal management system, formulate a scientific and effective financial management system, accept the supervision and guidance of the public, and better serve the financing work of enterprises. Reasonable division of internal structure, clear division of functions and property rights, continuous improvement of internal management, keeping up with the pace of market development, and continuous improvement of management system, so as to win greater economic benefits for enterprises and enhance their external image. Small and medium-sized enterprises should dare to innovate and change, and under the guidance of relevant national policies, constantly improve their technology and management level, and improve their management level and risk prevention ability.
4.5 Strengthen the internal risk supervision mechanism
To fundamentally improve the financing problem of small and medium-sized enterprises, we must start with the system, constantly improve the original risk management and control system, strengthen supervision, and stifle potential risks at the source. First, in management, it is necessary to clarify the responsibilities of various departments and ensure that specific personnel are responsible for specific positions. In addition, to improve the awareness of risk prevention in financing of small and medium-sized enterprises, we should fully mobilize the subjective initiative of various departments and actively make risk prevention and control plans. Focus on strengthening the risk supervision of the financial department, at the same time, learn from previous work experience and lessons in the decision-making stage, constantly optimize and improve the risk prevention system of management financing, and provide all-round protection for the development and operation of enterprises. Second, put the responsibility on the individual, at the same time give play to the role of management, and strengthen the control of financial grass-roots work. Ensure the coordinated operation of all departments in the financing management of small and medium-sized enterprises and promote the normal development of enterprises in an orderly manner.
4.6 Improve the accounting risk early warning mechanism
Small and medium-sized enterprises have a single structure, and there will be some problems in production and operation. If there are loopholes in the financial management system, it will affect the financing effect of enterprises, bury hidden dangers and even bring devastating harm to enterprises. Enterprises should formulate supporting financing schemes and management systems according to their own financial risk tolerance. In practice, it is necessary to reasonably avoid foreseeable risks and formulate a scientific and effective risk early warning management system to clear the obstacles for enterprise development and reduce the proportion of financing risks. Mainly according to the structure and data of daily financial data statements, select appropriate work indicators, complete the formulation of personalized risk prevention and control, and lay a solid foundation for the steady economic development of small and medium-sized enterprises.
4.7 Improve the credit level
Under the market economy system, credit is the external image of enterprises, which directly affects their competitive position in the market. Therefore, enterprises should constantly improve their own credit and establish a good corporate image. At present, the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in China is relatively closed, seriously out of touch with market information, and they don't understand the changes of policies in time, which leads to some behaviors that violate the laws of the market and affect their own credit, so the overall credit of enterprises in financing is not high. In order to change this situation, we should focus on the following points. First, actively study, deeply understand the development trend of the industry, and attach importance to corporate credit from top to bottom. Make a long-term credit training plan, build enterprise culture, enhance the cohesion of internal employees, cultivate the team consciousness of all employees, and realize the importance of credit in enterprise development. Second, fully understand the development status of enterprises, create personalized credit standards for the sustainable development of internal economy, and strictly follow the standards in basic work. Third, constantly optimize credit management technology, actively learn and dare to innovate, at the same time strengthen external publicity, actively participate in rating activities, and constantly enhance the external image of enterprises.
5. Conclusion
Under the background of economic system reform, the development of small and medium-sized enterprises has ushered in more challenges and opportunities. In order to strive for greater market development space, small and medium-sized enterprises should consider comprehensively in financing operation, formulate comprehensive preventive measures and avoid risks reasonably. Improve the staff's understanding of financing risks, start from the basic work, improve the internal management system, and eliminate all risk interference factors of enterprise financing from the source. In management, we should give consideration to the improvement of the system and the improvement of execution efficiency, and at the same time create diversified channels to solve the problem of single financing source for small and medium-sized enterprises, so as to provide more adequate financial guarantee for the sustained and stable development of enterprises.
Step 6 refer to
[1] Zhao Yuhong, Zhou Baoxiang. On financing management countermeasures of small and medium-sized enterprises [J]. Management and Technology of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (next issue), 20 17(03):47-48.
[2] Zheng. Exploring the financial risks and control strategies of small and medium-sized enterprises in China in the new period [J]. National Circular Economy, 20 17(07):33-36.
[3] Rong Yan. Study on the Risk Assessment of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises' Financial Financing [J]. Research on Economic and Social Development, 2014 (11):107+126.
[4] Chen Lingyi. On the problems and countermeasures of financial management in small and medium-sized enterprises [J]. Intelligence, 2013 (21): 261-263.
[5] Guo Ailan. Analysis of financing bottleneck of small and medium-sized enterprises under diversified financing strategy [J]. Northern Economics and Trade, 20 12(09):79+8 1.
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