With the rising prices of corn, soybean meal and ingredients, and the increase of labor costs, the production costs of feed enterprises have increased, and the prices of livestock and poultry products such as pork and eggs have continued to decline in recent months, and many farmers are facing a loss situation.
In the case of low aquaculture, how to survive the crisis and achieve sustainable development needs the support of science and technology. Selected technical topics and some excellent technical articles to reduce feed costs and save food farming, hoping to help farmers.
First, reduce the cost of feed thinking and analysis
Monitor the growth performance of pigs, select feed raw materials, formulate formulas, realize a set of quality control procedures, monitor costs, reduce feed waste and reduce feed costs.
1. Seek various feed materials to meet the nutritional needs of pigs, including amino acids, minerals, vitamins and energy. Thus, there are many choices, such as using basic mixture instead of concentrated material, or using wheat flour, oil, yellow rice or DDGS (corn processing distillate plus filtrate) instead of corn. You may need to use meat and bone meal or crystal amino acid instead of some soybean meal.
2. When choosing among different raw materials, you should choose feed raw materials according to certain standards, for example, the lysine level in the diet. You want to make the diet reach a certain lysine level, and then choose feed raw materials according to this standard.
Second, dig the cost from the material saving of raising pigs.
Feed cost accounts for about 70% of the total cost of raising pigs. Saving feed can obviously reduce the production cost of pigs, improve economic benefits and stabilize the price of livestock products.
1. The breeding experiment of hybrid pigs proves that the pigs with excellent hybrid combinations grow fast, use less materials and have high benefits, which is worth popularizing. Some data show that feeding the first generation of hybrid pigs can increase the daily gain by 30%, save feed by 40% and reduce the incidence by 60% ~ 80%.
2. Timely breeding will advance the weaning of piglets at the age of 60 days to 40 ~ 45 days, so that sows can breed early in estrus, shorten the empty pregnancy period and save feed relatively.
The third is to raise pigs by bean dregs fermentation to reduce feed costs.
Bean dregs refer to the leftovers of bean products such as tofu and soybean milk. Its nutrient content is higher than that of many dregs, and its crude protein content is high. The crude protein content of dried bean dregs is 27.7%, which is more than three times that of rice. It is a good feed for pigs, chickens and ducks. Bean dregs can't be eaten raw directly, but need to be cooked, which will consume a lot of costs. Because bean dregs contain three anti-nutritional factors: trypsin inhibitor, goiter factor and hemagglutinin, among which trypsin inhibitor can hinder the digestion and absorption of soybean protein by trypsin in pigs, cause diarrhea and affect growth. With the development of microbial engineering technology, microorganisms are more and more widely used in breeding, planting and environment, and the development of feed resources has made a very important contribution to saving feed costs and alleviating resource shortage. Em bacteria feed starter was fermented by microorganisms to produce microbial bacterial protein feed. Protein in bean dregs can be effectively degraded, thus greatly increasing the content of amino acid nitrogen in bean dregs, and improving the peculiar smell, taste, particle fineness and nutrition of bean dregs. This is an effective way to make use of bean dregs. Using fermented bean dregs to raise pigs is about 1 month earlier than normal feeding, which saves feed costs and improves the economic benefits of farmers.
Twelve ways to reduce feed cost
Check your feeding procedure and improve it. It should be remembered that a good feeding procedure includes several points. These key points include: monitoring the growth performance of pigs, selecting feed raw materials, formulating formulas, implementing a set of quality control procedures, monitoring costs and reducing feed waste.
First of all, focus on the aspects that consume the most feed (such as growth fertilizer) and the nutrients with the highest cost (such as energy, protein and phosphorus). After grasping the main factors, adjust the secondary factors. For various factors, it is necessary to evaluate their economic value.
Five, several ways to reduce the cost of compound feed
Abstract: 1. Accurately set the nutritional level of the diet to be prepared. 2. Determine the nutritional level of diet according to the intake of animals. 3. Mobilize the animal's own intake regulation mechanism and prepare low-energy diet. 4. Make full use of unconventional feed raw materials to prepare diet (adjust the type of diet). 5. Implement the stage feeding method. 6. Prepare a low-protein diet. 7. Accurately determine the level of non-phytate phosphorus in the diet. 8. According to the measured values in the laboratory and the estimated values of raw materials, the diet is accurately prepared (reducing the insurance coefficient of the nutritional components of feed raw materials). 9. Scientifically use microecological em bacteria feed additive 10 and adopt appropriate feed processing technology.
6. Talking about grain-saving animal husbandry
Grain-saving animal husbandry is a unique formulation in China's animal husbandry development strategy. This formulation is based on the consideration of food security in China. With the increase of livestock products and aquaculture production, the consumption of feed grain is expanding day by day. How to reduce feed grain consumption, develop circular economy and build a resource-saving society has become a concern of everyone.
Seven, how to save feed costs in the era of low profit fish farming?
At present, the fish industry is moving towards a period of low profit, and the depressed market price makes the fish industry face a severe test. From now on, aquaculture should start from cost saving and actively explore and expand profit space. In the process of breeding, feed cost is the first factor, accounting for about 60% ~ 70%. To save costs, we must start with the scientific, effective and economical use of feed.
Eight, several methods of scientifically raising pigs and saving grain
1. Fermented fungus chaff is fed to pigs instead of concentrate: after cultivating edible fungi, after necessary treatment, culture materials such as crop stalks and by-products can be obtained. Generally, more than 60 kg of fungus chaff can be obtained per 100 kg of culture material. It is better to feed pigs with em bacteria feed starter than rice bran, which can be close to the feeding effect of corn.
Second, silkworm excrement is fed to pigs instead of grain: silkworm excrement contains new nutrients and is a good feed for pigs. Scientifically using em bacteria feed starter to ferment silkworm excrement to feed pigs can not only reduce the feeding cost 15%-20%, but also increase the weight gain rate of pigs 10%- 15%.
Nine, ways to reduce the cost of pig feed
1. Seek various feed materials to meet the nutritional needs of pigs, including amino acids, minerals, vitamins and energy. Thus, there are many choices, such as using basic mixture instead of concentrated material, or using wheat flour, oil, yellow rice or DDGS (corn processing distillate plus filtrate) instead of corn. You may need to use meat and bone meal or crystal amino acid instead of some soybean meal.
2. When choosing among different raw materials, you should choose feed raw materials according to certain standards, for example, the lysine level in the diet. You want to make the diet reach a certain lysine level, and then choose feed raw materials according to this standard.
X. Overview of feed cost of domestic scale pig farms
For large-scale pig farms, the feed cost generally accounts for about 65%-75% of the total production cost, and the feed cost is too low, indicating that other costs are too high and the expenditure structure is unreasonable; The feed cost rate is too high, and there is the possibility of high feed purchase price, feed processing loss and waste in the feeding process. Feed cost generally consists of purchase cost, transportation cost, storage cost, processing cost and opportunity cost.
XI. How do small and medium-sized aquatic feed production enterprises control their costs?
Drucker, a management guru, once said: "Entrepreneurs should do two things, the first is marketing, the second is to cut costs, and do nothing else." Although the essence of enterprise management is to obtain profits, profits and costs are mutually transformed and interdependent. Profit is the driving force of enterprise development, while cost is the foundation of enterprise development. It is unscientific, unrealistic and actually untenable to pursue profits unilaterally and ignore the impact of costs. To a certain extent, cost is the mother of profit, and cost is more important than profit!
12. Ways to save feed for laying hens
Choose a different feed. Choose different feeds according to different seasons and stages. At the early stage of laying eggs, the nutritional level should be higher than that in feeding standard; Reduce the nutritional level appropriately in the later stage of laying eggs. Improve the level of dietary protein. In hot summer, the egg intake decreases, so it is necessary to improve the protein level of the diet, with 19% as the best, and 17% if amino acids are added.
Thirteen, raising chickens saves material, saves money and increases efficiency.
1. Broken beak. When chicks are 6-9 days old, beak breaking can not only effectively prevent pecking, but also save 3.5 grams of feed per chicken every day during the growing period and 5.5 grams during the laying period. Save feed per egg 12g.
2.cage. 3. insect repellent. 4. Turn off the signal. 5. Use alternative materials. 6. Improve the chute structure. 7. Add zinc bacitracin. 8. Feed methionine. 9. Supplement vitamin c 10. Eliminate low-yield hens.