China issued GB 77 14-87 "Rules for the Description of Postscript References", which stipulated that "sequential coding system" and "author's publication year system" were the national standards for the description of Postscript References in China. Our periodical adopts "sequential coding system". In scientific and technological papers, all opinions, data and materials quoted from previously published documents (including the author's own past) should be marked where they appear in the paper, and a list of references should be listed at the end of the paper.
1 description principle
1) only records the most needed and latest documents. Documentaries should be carefully selected and limited to what the author has personally seen and directly quoted in the paper. Moreover, there is no special need, and there is no need to list famous teaching materials or some outdated historical materials. ?
2) Only the published documents are recorded. Public publication refers to publication in newspapers and periodicals publicly issued at home and abroad or in officially published books. Articles published in journals for internal communication and materials for internal use, especially articles that are not suitable for publication, cannot be cited as references. ?
3) The cited arguments must be accurate and cannot be taken out of context.
4) Adopt standardized description format. There are international standards and national standards for the description of references after the paper, and both the author of the paper and the editor of the journal should master and strictly implement them. ?
2 sequential coding system
Sequential coding system means that the documents cited by the author in the paper are continuously coded with Arabic numerals and square brackets according to the order in which they appear in the paper, and the serial numbers are marked as the upper corner or part of the sentence according to the specific situation, and all the documents are arranged in the reference list according to the serial numbers of the documents appearing in the paper. ?
2. 1 Sequence coding reference description item
1) Principal. It refers to the individuals or groups who are mainly responsible for the contents of literature knowledge, including monograph authors, thesis editors, degree applicants, patent applicants, report authors, journal article authors, precipitation article authors, etc. Multiple principals are separated by ",". If there are more than three responsible persons, only the first three responsible persons shall be recorded, followed by the words "waiting for others". Please note that the abbreviation "."should not appear in this data. The main person in charge only lists the names, and then does not add responsibility descriptors such as "writing", "editing" and "co-editing". Those who are mainly responsible for foreign languages should use the original, and the names before and after should respect the customs of various countries. If the author is unknown, this top can be omitted. ?
2) File name and version (the first version is abbreviated). Literature titles include book titles, thesis titles, patent titles, precipitation titles and so on. The title of the document is not added with the title "".
3) Identification of file type and carrier type. According to GB 3469-83, the following types of references are identified with English capital letters: monograph [M], collection of papers [C], newspaper article [N], periodical article [J], dissertation [D], report [R], standard [S] and patent [P]. The carrier type and identification of electronic documents. For electronic documents with non-paper carriers, when they are cited as references, the carrier type should be indicated in the reference type identification. The following logos are suggested: magnetic tape [MT], magnetic disk [DK], optical disk [CD], online [OL] and network [OL].
The basic format of electronic document type and carrier type identification is [document type identification/carrier type identification]. For example:
[db/ol]- online data (database online);
A database on tape;
[M/CD]-A monograph on CD? ROM)；
[CP/DK]- computer program on disk;
[j/ol]- serial online;
[EB/ol]- bulletin board system Online;
When a paper is cited as a reference, it is not necessary to indicate the carrier type. ?
4) Publication matters (place of publication, publishing house, year of publication, issue number, etc.). The place of publication refers to the name of the city where the publisher is located. For cities with the same name in different places or unfamiliar cities, the names of provinces, prefectures and countries can be added in front of them. For publishing houses containing place names, the place of publication cannot be omitted. For example, "Beijing: Peking University Press" cannot be written as "Peking University Press". ? For newspapers and patent documents, the publication date should be recorded in the form of YYY-MM-DD. For periodicals, the publication year and volume number (issue number) should be recorded in the following three forms:1980,92 (2): year and volume number (issue); 1985(4): year (period); 1987,5: year, quantity
5) The source of the document or the accessible address of the electronic document.
6) Page numbers of references. The last item in the reference is generally "page number", which indicates the position code of the text. The starting page number or starting and ending page number of the citation should be recorded. If it is a start-stop page, two numbers should be connected by "-"(originally "~"). Such as: 10- 12. If the paper quotes multiple contents of the same document for many times, it should record the starting page number or the starting and ending page number of the corresponding citation in turn, separated by ","each time. For example:1987: 25-30,40,10/-120)
2.2 Layout format of reference list after text
References are listed at the end of the article in the order in which they appear, with "references" in the middle as the logo; The serial numbers of references are displayed in the upper left box, and the numbers are represented by square brackets, such as [1], [2], [etc., so as to be consistent with the format of serial numbers in the text. Each reference entry ends with ".". The formats and examples of various reference items are as follows. ?
A. Continuous publications
【 Serial number 】 Principal responsible person. File title [J]. Name of publication, year of publication, volume number (issue number): starting and ending page numbers.
For example: [1] Guo Longhua, Wang Xinlong. Study on the influence of different maneuvering modes on the transfer alignment performance of airborne weapon system [J]. Journal of Missile and Guidance, 2006,26 (1):1-4.
B. Monographs
【 Serial number 】 Principal responsible person. Title of the document [M]. Place of publication: publisher, year of publication: start and end pages.
For example: Zhang Yi, Yang,,. Ballistic missile ballistics [M]. Changsha: National University of Defense Technology Press, 1999.
C. trying to
【 Serial number 】 Principal responsible person. Document title [C]// collection name. Place of publication: publisher, year of publication: page numbers.
For example: [6]W. F. ober le, Bradley Goodell, et al. Potential application of electrothermal chemical (ETC) gun propulsion in the United States Army [C]//. Proceedings of the17th International Conference on Ballistics.
D. thesis
【 serial number 】 Main responsibilities. File title [D]. Storage location: storage unit, year of publication.
For example: [7] Lin Jingming. Study on the influence of cluster bomb shock wave on the aerodynamic characteristics and flight attitude of bullets [D]. Beijing: China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology, 1998.
E. Report
【 serial number 】 Main responsibilities. The title of the document. Location of the report: the organizer of the report and the year of publication.
For example: [9] Feng Xiqiao. LBB analysis of nuclear reactor pressure vessel [R]. Beijing: Tsinghua University Institute of Nuclear Energy Technology Design and Research, 1997.
F. Patent literature
[serial number] patent owner. Patent name [P]. Patent country: patent number, release date.
For example: [1 1] Jiang Xizhou. Preparation scheme of a warm external medicine [P]. China patents: 88 1056078, 1983-08- 12.
G. International and national standards
[serial number] standard code, standard name. Place of publication: publisher, year of publication.
For example: [12] GB/T16159-1996, Basic Rules of Chinese Phonetic Orthography [S]. Beijing: China Standards Publishing House, 1996.
H. newspaper articles
【 Serial number 】 Principal responsible person. File title [N]. Name and publication date (edition) of the newspaper.
For example: [13] Xie Xide. Creative learning concept. People's Daily,1998-12-25 (10).
I. Electronic documents
[serial number] Principal. Title of electronic document [document type/carrier type]. The publication or available address, publication date or update/reference date of the electronic document (optional).
For example: [2 1] Wang Mingliang. Standardized Database System Engineering of China Academic Journals [EB/OL].
2.3 the labeling format of references in this paper
When the sequential coding system is adopted, the cited documents are continuously coded with Arabic numerals in the order in which they appear in the paper, and the serial numbers are placed in square brackets, and the serial numbers are used as the upper corner marks or as a part of the sentence according to the specific situation. ?
1) Mark the places where references are cited. This mark is an Arabic numeral enclosed in square brackets, where the Arabic numeral is the serial number of the document. For example, the place where the 25th document is cited is marked as [25].
2) The numbering of documents should be based on the following two points: First, the documents should be numbered only when they first appear in the text. In other words, a document has only one serial number. Even if a document is cited many times in the text, it should be marked with the same serial number in multiple citations. Second, the serial number starts from 1 and is consecutively numbered according to the order before and after the first appearance of the document. For example, the serial number of the first document that appears for the first time is1; The second file that appears for the first time, the serial number is 2; ……。
3) If the function of the document is to explain the text, the serial number and square brackets of the document should be smaller than the font size of the text and placed in the upper right corner (as the upper corner mark); If the document appears as a part of a sentence, the number of the document and the font size of the square brackets should be the same as the font size of the text, and they should be written as part of the text (the position is flush with the text, not as the upper corner mark). In addition, it should be pointed out that the word "document" must be added before the square brackets.
4) If multiple documents are quoted in one place, only one square bracket is used to mark them, and the serial numbers of these documents are listed in brackets: if several serial numbers are continuous, only the starting serial number and the ending serial number are marked, and a semi-character symbol "-"is added between the two serial numbers; If several serial numbers are discontinuous, separate them with commas.