I. Research background 1. For a long time, due to the unclear nature and task of Chinese subject, especially the negative impact of exam-oriented education, writing teaching in primary schools has not received due attention and lacks systematic research, which leads to the unplanned guidance of writing teachers. Writing teaching ignores the cooperation with teachers and parents of other subjects, is limited to the classroom of Chinese teachers, and pays attention to results; In the process of writing, the cultivation of writing posture and writing habits is neglected; Students lack standardized requirements and strict training in the initial stage of hard pen and brush writing. Teachers and parents unilaterally believe that as long as students write, writing methods, writing posture, bookshelf structure, stroke layout and so on are often ignored, resulting in poor writing quality. Students' basic writing skills are generally not improved, which leads to a serious shortage of Chinese subjects and the educational function of writing is not fully explored or even brought into play. 2. Writing teaching is a purposeful, organized and two-way educational activity. The Opinions of the Ministry of Education on Strengthening Writing Teaching in Primary and Secondary Schools clearly points out that it is the common task of all teachers to strengthen writing teaching and cultivate good writing habits. Writing standard, correct and neat Chinese characters is the basis of students' lifelong learning ability. Developing good writing habits, having skilled writing skills and preliminary calligraphy appreciation ability are the basic qualities that modern China citizens should possess. However, in the current school teaching, the writing of Chinese characters has gradually weakened. Based on this background, in order to change the current situation of primary school writing teaching and improve the quality of primary school writing teaching, we believe that the key lies in implementing the spirit of the instructions of the State Education Commission on writing teaching and putting writing teaching and students' writing skills training in the first place. Therefore, the project research in our school aims at optimizing the management of writing teaching, optimizing writing, forming an efficient and orderly operation mechanism of writing teaching, comprehensively improving the quality of writing teaching and promoting the improvement of students' writing skills. Second, the definition of the topic writing is a psychological activity from image memory to spatial thinking. It is the process of cognitive processing and the process of integrating Chinese characters through basic points and strokes. The process from the initial description to the final creation of space is a change and sublimation of thought. Habit is a rigid behavior, and it is a way of life such as language, thinking and behavior that has been gradually developed for a long time. In the final analysis, it is a conditioned reflex. Educators believe that once behavior becomes a habit, it will become a human need. In other words, if regular writing behavior can be guaranteed, then writing will become a spontaneous demand and a habit. Writing habits mainly include reading posts, reading posts, tracing red, copying and creating. Refers to the image of a person who has the desire and ability to write. Writing behavior refers to students' initiative to construct meaning by organizing specific teaching materials under the guidance of teachers, so as to master writing information, learn writing methods, cultivate good writing habits, and provide strong support for developing creative potential and enriching thoughts and feelings. Third, the basic principle 1 followed in the research of the subject, the principle of integrity. The study of writing habits should pay attention to the understanding and mastery of writing transcripts and the all-round cultivation and improvement of students' learning ability. In the process of cultivating writing habits, we should pay attention to the individualized development of students. 2. Developmental principle This study should not only improve students' writing ability, but also focus on the long-term development of students' Chinese literacy. At the same time, as a complete research, the development of teachers and the progress of researchers themselves are also important contents of the subject. Strive to make teachers and students develop together in the process of research. Therefore, whether it is the cultivation of writing habits or the research of training mode, we should inherit and carry forward advanced training methods such as "drawing inferences from others", "discovery and exploration" and "autonomy and cooperation" with a developmental perspective in teaching practice, so that the process of topic research can fully mobilize students' personality, promote students' all-round development, promote students' self-enrichment and gain new souls, and become a process of teachers' self-research, self-development and self-growth. 3. The principle of stratification Because of the differences of students' individual level, the research of the subject must proceed from reality, implement multi-level and multi-angle writing habit cultivation strategies according to individual differences, and leave enough flexible space, so that the research of students with different family environments and different cognitive levels can be followed, and can be expanded and exerted according to their learning situation, so that every student can make progress. 4, the principle of life Although the popularity of computers has advanced by leaps and bounds, students have more or less tasted the sweetness of typing with computers, that is, fast and easy to recognize. However, in our daily life, we can always feel that computers are irreplaceable. Teachers should take this opportunity to instill the advantages and practical value of calligraphy. Make writing a part of life itself. Writing a diary, taking notes and practicing your hand feel are all inseparable from handwriting. In the face of the impact of computers, we should be persistent in practicing good handwriting, which is not only to improve our self-cultivation, but also our duty as a China person. 5. The writing habit of the principle of subjectivity is actually a manifestation of subjective consciousness. The stronger the subjective consciousness, the more we can overcome the unstable emotions and inertia of individuals. The new curriculum respects students' dominant position. In the process of cultivating students' writing habits, students are the object of education and the subject of learning. Only when teachers respect students' subjective status and give full play to their subjective initiative can students actively participate in activities and practice, thus forming good writing habits. 6. The cultivation of systematic principle writing habits is a long-term process, which is gradual and continuous. It includes writing cognition, writing attitude, writing methods and writing activities. Cultivating students' writing habits must be carried out in the three-dimensional network of school, family and society. Only by gradually raising the requirements can students maintain their interest in writing. 7. The ultimate goal of learning practical principles is to reproduce and strengthen the knowledge gained by writing in practical activities, so as to form writing habits in long-term operational practice. At the same time, students should broaden their knowledge in lively and interesting practical activities and establish a confident and close cooperative way of doing things. According to the different age characteristics of students, creatively let students take responsibility and experience responsibility in activities, so as to gradually develop good personality quality. Fourth, the research target content and method preset (1) method preset 1, starting: paddling training, single hook, double hook; Reading, memorizing and reciting. 2. Introduction: Face, face and create. (2) Research objective: 1. Inheriting national culture and inspiring students' feelings of loving the motherland. 2. Through writing training, improve students' aesthetic taste, cultivate students' self-control ability and keep their writing activities careful, patient and calm. 3. Cultivate students' good writing habits, learn to write with brush and running script, and gradually cultivate students' ability to write quickly; 4. Create a scholarly atmosphere and promote the construction of spiritual civilization in schools. (III) Research Content Writing training: Hard pen training is the main method, and brush writing training is also needed, which requires writing to be "correct, correct and clear", cultivate good writing habits and master basic writing skills. 1. Make full use of all favorable conditions to build a campus environment with writing culture as the core. 2. The training of teachers "needs to be hard while the iron is hot". In order to guide students to write a good composition, teachers should first practice their basic skills. (1), practice basic skills. In this part, the school should come up with a plan (that is, how to improve teachers' writing level) (2) and give practical guidance. Guiding students to write well is only a prerequisite. It is also necessary to deeply study the characteristics and methods of students' writing, carry out teaching and research activities, insist on attending lectures and evaluating classes, actively explore the classroom teaching mode of writing, constantly sum up experience and improve the guidance level. 3. Optimize the teaching form, requiring each participant to treat each class with a rigorous attitude, take "systematic guidance, teaching methods and promoting training" as the main purpose, firmly grasp the "four persistences", coordinate and cooperate, and comprehensively improve the teaching quality of writing class. "Four Persistences" are: the organic combination of literacy and writing. That is, when teaching students to practice Chinese characters, organically combine the guidance of new words after Chinese class. The habit of writing training "two postures" should be combined with (1) and "selection", that is, choosing posts and words. Practicing calligraphy always begins with copying, and primary school students should learn from regular script. The selected copybooks should be well-defined and the fonts should be smooth and neat. (2) "Reading" means observing and trying to figure out the characters. The word "reading" cannot be separated from the teacher's careful guidance, but it is important to "teach according to law" so that students can initially observe, analyze and understand the shape of the word. You can "read" in the order of "whole-part-whole". First of all, you should have a general impression of the characters, whether they are long or flat, big or small. Then from the whole to the part, you should analyze the radical structure of Chinese characters, the length and thickness of strokes, and even the position or angle occupied by each stroke. In the end, we will rediscover the prominent features or easy-to-deviate places of words and truly "see, point and remember". (3) "copying" means printing. Cover a model or type with transparent white paper and describe it carefully, just like teaching words by hand, so that students can be meticulous, calm down, seek quality and quantity and copy their brains by hand. (4) "pro", that is, writing contrast, should include two steps: affinity and non-affinity. There is a process of transformation, that is, the words on the post pass through one's eyes, hands and heart and become the words on the post that one tries to approach. But only on the basis of "reading completely, correctly and well" and with a certain period of copying training can we write more like it, achieve better results and master it faster. Pay attention to "pro": affinity is the same size, and Tian Zige should fill in eight points; First the whole, then the part; Self-examination and self-correction, contrast and correction, form a habit. The brushwork should be strict, rather refined than excessive, the stippling should be accurate, the structure should be reasonable and appropriate, the methods and means should be flexible, and teaching students in accordance with their aptitude should be achieved. The focus should be on improving students' writing ability in a large area and focusing on cultivating students who are quick to understand and accept. (5) "Evaluation" is an important part of checking the writing effect, including teachers' comments, discussions and revisions between students. Teachers can ask students to write on the blackboard, comment on all students, point out the gains and losses, demonstrate the correct writing, and write from point to area or on the projection. Students can read before writing, and then teachers and students can comment together, so that students can take the initiative. (6), "innovation", that is, using what you have learned to create, using what you have learned flexibly to meet certain requirements. It is not surprising to innovate and form your own style. China's brush strokes can be created with a few words, some can be taken directly from posts, and some can be combined with related strokes. Encourage more praise, so that students have a sense of accomplishment, thus enhancing their confidence in writing good words. 6. The evaluation of students' homework by reforming the evaluation method is directly related to the mobilization of students' enthusiasm for practicing Chinese characters. Many teachers rely on their own intuitive judgment in evaluation, or the requirements are too high or too low, which is seriously inconsistent and random, and students have no direction to work hard. Over time, they will have an indifferent attitude. Teachers are required to give priority to encouragement according to the actual situation of their own classes, and comprehensively evaluate the writing quality in combination with students' sitting posture, pen holding style and layout structure, which reduces the randomness of evaluation, and more importantly, through continuous encouragement and recognition, students can see that they are making progress step by step. 5. Expected results of project research (1). Through the two-year project experiment, students' writing level will be greatly improved, the font structure will be symmetrical, the overall appearance will be beautiful, the cleanliness and accuracy of homework will be greatly improved, and students' cultural literacy will be improved accordingly. (2) Through unremitting calligraphy training, cultivate students' temperament and develop a serious and rigorous style. (3) It will improve students' observation, attention, memory and understanding, and promote the development of students' intelligence. In the process of calligraphy training, we should strengthen the quality of will, improve self-control ability and promote the healthy development of body and mind. (4) Students are subtly influenced by beauty by observing, copying and appreciating the inscriptions of famous calligraphers in China, so as to improve their aesthetic awareness and ability, and understand and learn the truth of being a man. (5) Teachers' theoretical level and experimental ability are generally improved, and strive to publish papers and calligraphy works in publications at or above the district level. (6) Strive for the successful conclusion of 20 12.