1821~1861year is the period of the eight-tone class. The team composed of 8 musicians was called Little Eight-tone Class, and later the organization was expanded to 24 people called Big Eight-tone Class. In the early days, it was mainly instrumental music, and it also absorbed the vocals of Waijiang classes such as Xiqin Opera, so it was also called Xiqin Class, and later it gradually changed to singing Cantonese songs. The period of 1862 ~ 19 17 is "teacher's mother". "Teacher Niang" is a blind girl. From an early age, he was trained as a professional artist by a "Tangkou" who specially adopted blind girls to learn Cantonese opera performance and singing skills, and was invited to sing at home or along the door to make a living. In the early years of the Republic of China, "Shi Niang" began to sing in the Quyi Teahouse opened in the teahouse, creating a performance mode of "one chair and two chairs". From 19 18, the period of "female singer" began, and non-blind female artists called "female singers" gradually replaced "teachers". Nu Wa changed the sitting singing of "one chair and two chairs" in the period of "Shi Niang" into standing singing, and also changed "Shi Niang" into singing a whole set of Daqu with multi-angle and multi-voice story lines to sing a Cantonese song. Due to the flexible singing form, in just a few years, Cantonese opera performances have formed an performing arts team of more than 400 people. From 19 18 to 1938, the period of "female musicians" was the heyday in the history of Cantonese opera, with many talents, various schools, famous artists and famous tunes constantly emerging. The reasons for its prosperity at that time were: first, the level of performing arts was further improved, and a group of musicians with high attainments entered the field of Quyi, not only accompanying, but also composing music to assist actors in designing musical vocals; Secondly, there are a group of writers who write songs specifically for artists in the music circle, which has changed the situation of relying only on opera books in the past, and artists can sing songs that suit their artistic style. During the "actress" period, some major changes have taken place in Cantonese opera: the original singing in "Opera Studio Mandarin" was changed to Cantonese; The original falsetto singing was changed to real singing, and the basic tone was reduced from e to c accordingly; The original top ten professional vocals are divided into three voice systems: big voice (dominant or left hand, belonging to male voice, using high-pitched area), flat voice (male voice, using high-pitched area) and secondary voice (female voice). There are seven kinds of tunes in Cantonese opera: Bangzi; Huang Er; Paiziqu; Various forms of quyi in the same area; Ditty and minor; Xiaoqu and Zaqu created by stick method and Huang Xuan method; "Guangdong Music" and other folk music. From self-playing to band accompaniment, five basic accompaniment instrument combinations have been formed: a combination called soft bow with Gao Hu, dulcimer, pipa, flute and long throat as the core (mostly used for flat throat, sub-throat and singing accompaniment); The combination with Erxian, Violin (a unique national musical instrument), Yueqin and short throat as the core is called hard bow (mostly used for the accompaniment of big throat and military songs), percussion combination of hard bow plus suona and gongs and drums (mostly used for the accompaniment of brand songs and specific vocals), and combination with coconut tree, flute, pipa and dulcimer (or Zheng) as the core (specially used for Nanman).
After Guangzhou was occupied by the Japanese army, the cause of Quyi declined, and it recovered slightly after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, but it was not as prosperous as before.
After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), under the guidance of the policy of "letting a hundred flowers blossom, a hundred schools of thought contend, and bringing forth the old and bringing forth the new", Cantonese opera has flourished. 1958, Guangdong Music and Quyi Troupe assembled outstanding actors and musicians. On the basis of inheriting the tradition, it has made great efforts to reform and innovate, which has developed Cantonese opera into various forms such as playing, rap, performing singing and group singing, and cultivated a large number of new forces. While creating a lot of new songs, I also arranged a lot of traditional tracks. During the Cultural Revolution, Cantonese opera was in a slump. After the Cultural Revolution, Cantonese opera gradually recovered. The cultural authorities of the government have taken measures such as prospering creation, cultivating successors and vigorously promoting mass Cantonese opera singing activities, so that Cantonese opera has entered a new development period since the 1980s.
Cantonese opera has produced outstanding talents in every period. There were Yue Ying, Chinese and English, Cui Yan, Fu Lan, Fang Qun and Mel in the period of "Teacher Niang". During the period of "Female Musicians", there were many talented people, including Xiong, (also known as) and Xiaoxing (Deng Manwei), Xu, Zhang Yueer and so on. Among the famous musicians in this period, Lv Wencheng, He and He, known as the "Four Heavenly Kings", were outstanding. In addition, there are famous songwriters Wang Xinfan, Wu, Ceng Pu, Chen, etc. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Cantonese opera was full of talents. Famous actors are Guan Chumei, Huang Peiying, He, Bai Yanzai, Tan, He Zishuang, He (blind), Chen and Lai Tianya. Famous musicians include Liang Qiu, Han Fang, Zhu Hai, Chen Pingjia, Su Wenbing, Qu Qing, Li Haoming and Tang Kaixuan. Famous composers include Cai Yanfen, Lu Feng, Ding Feng, Chen Ziqiang, Liu Hanyi and Pan Bangzhen. Since 1980s, a group of outstanding young actors and musicians have been trained.
Most of the early tracks of Cantonese opera came from the class books of Cantonese opera, and in the period of ten niangs, they began to accumulate their own unique tracks. His representative works include Li Baihui's Wife, Discarding Demons by Distinguishing Talents, Dai Yu's Burying Flowers, The Crime of Six Lang, Abandoning Chu to Han, Lu Becoming a Monk and Lu Becoming a Monk. During the "actress" period, famous actors competed to sing new songs, and their creations flourished. Famous actors have their own number one songs, such as the slate of the bear, the noisy Lion Building, the night fight, the heartbroken monument, and the romantic dream of the little star. Where is the companion, Xu's broken willows will be in the pavilion again. During the period of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, there were many songs about War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, such as Hate Locking Five Yangcheng, Public Enemy of Mankind, Faithful Soul with Blood by Xu, When Will Blood Be Paid, Flaming Chicken, Killing the Enemy to Comfort the Soul, etc. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, there have been countless songs. There are many historical works with performances, such as Debate, Zhou Yu writing a watch, selling horses, Mu conducting, Mulan camp patrol, Cai Moon Hee returning to Han, re-entering Shen Garden, Zixiao meeting Luoshen, Jinjiang poets and couples, Wusong beating tigers, pipa heroic songs and so on. Works with modern themes include Qinghe on a Sunny Day, A Bullwhip, Husband Zhu Guarding the Bell, Love by the Longtan, Wanyatan, Erpo Chasing Cars, Two Springs Reflecting the Moon, Shepherd, Misty Rain in Shuangqiao, Xiangxue in Luogang and New Eight Scenes in Yangcheng, etc.