Abstract: College teachers are important human resources for training a large number of outstanding graduates and creating outstanding scientific research achievements. Teachers' job satisfaction directly affects teachers' job performance and the stability of teachers' team. Taking a university teacher as the research object, this paper analyzes the influence of environmental factors on university teachers' job satisfaction through questionnaires and personal interviews, and puts forward suggestions and suggestions for improvement, with a view to improving university teachers' job satisfaction, thus improving teachers' job performance, stabilizing teachers' ranks and improving the level of university education.
Paper Keywords: environmental factors; University teachers; Job satisfaction
First of all, the questions raised
Teachers' job satisfaction is an overall and emotional feeling and view on teachers' occupation, working conditions and conditions. Teachers' job satisfaction is related to the quality of education and teaching and management efficiency of the school; For teachers, it is an important factor that affects teachers' work performance, work enthusiasm and physical and mental health. There are many factors that affect teachers' job satisfaction. Starting from the dimension of environmental factors, this paper mainly discusses the influence of physical environment such as teaching infrastructure, teaching equipment, information environment and school spirit construction on teachers' job satisfaction. Through this survey, it is of great practical significance to fully understand the current situation of environmental factors affecting university teachers' job satisfaction, enhance the pertinence and effectiveness of university management, fully mobilize the enthusiasm of university teachers, and enhance their centripetal force and cohesion.
Second, the design of research methods
This study includes four aspects: data collection, questionnaire design, sampling survey, data processing and interview. On the basis of fully inquiring about the environmental factors that affect teachers' job satisfaction, data collection divides environmental factors into physical environmental factors and humanistic environmental factors; Questionnaire design is to design a questionnaire about environmental factors that affect teachers' job satisfaction based on the indicators of physical environment and human environment. Sampling survey is mainly based on the total number of teachers in colleges and universities, and questionnaires are distributed according to a certain proportion to conduct sampling survey; Data processing is for the convenience of data statistics, the accuracy and authenticity of data statistics, in order to better analyze problems and put forward solutions. Interview is based on the investigation and analysis, according to the actual situation of teachers' satisfaction with the environment, to understand the specific reasons for teachers' dissatisfaction.
1. data collection
Data collection is to understand the specific environmental factors that affect teachers' job satisfaction. To this end, we have consulted a large number of graphic materials, periodicals and magazines. On this basis, the environmental factors that affect teachers' job satisfaction are divided into physical environmental factors and humanistic environmental factors.
2. Questionnaire design
This study adopts a self-designed questionnaire on environmental factors that affect teachers' job satisfaction. The questionnaire consists of two parts, ***3o questions. The first part of the questionnaire consists of five questions, mainly about the statistical characteristics of the teachers surveyed, such as gender, marital status, education and so on. The second part of the questionnaire consists of 25 questions. The first 15 questions mainly understand the influence of physical environment factors on teachers' job satisfaction in colleges and universities, including the influence of living environment, work and office environment, classroom environment, teaching facilities environment and other physical environments on teachers' job satisfaction. The following 1O questions mainly understand the influence of humanistic environment factors on teachers' job satisfaction, including the influence of information environment construction on teachers' job satisfaction, the influence of study style and teaching style on teachers' job satisfaction, and the influence of humanistic environment factors such as school management policies on teachers' job satisfaction.
3. Sampling survey
Select 2 10 teachers in a university as the research object. * * * 2 questionnaires were distributed10, and 200 questionnaires were recovered, with a recovery rate of 95.23%; Excluding 7 multiple-choice or incomplete questionnaires, there were 193 valid questionnaires, and the effective rate was 96.5%.
4. Data processing
E "xcel and statistical analysis software spssl 1.5 for dows are mainly used for data processing to ensure the simplicity and effectiveness of data statistics and the accuracy and authenticity of data analysis and judgment.
interview
According to the results of statistics and analysis, the interview mainly asks individual teachers the specific reasons why they are dissatisfied with the environment in colleges and universities, so as to put forward countermeasures and suggestions in combination with the actual situation.
Third, the survey results and problem analysis
Through investigation, data analysis and statistics, combined with the actual situation of a university teacher's satisfaction with the university working environment, this paper mainly analyzes the following three aspects: the overall analysis of the influence of environmental factors on the university teacher's job satisfaction, the analysis of the influence of physical environment on the university teacher's job satisfaction, and the analysis of the influence of humanistic environment on the university teacher's job satisfaction. According to Richter's s5 scoring method, the five items in the questionnaire, A, B, C, D and E, were scored as very satisfied, relatively satisfied, unclear, dissatisfied and very dissatisfied respectively. If you choose "very satisfied", you will get 5 points, "quite satisfied" will get 4 points, "unclear" will get 3 points, "not very satisfied" will get 2 points, and "very dissatisfied" will get 1 point. Using excel and spss 1.5 software to process the data, the results show that environmental factors have basically the same influence on teachers' job satisfaction in different genders and disciplines, with little difference. They are satisfied with the overall campus environment, campus greening construction and campus cultural atmosphere, and pay more attention to the school's cultural atmosphere and harmonious interpersonal relationships, that is, the good soft environment of the school. They feel comfortable living, studying and carrying out scientific research activities in this group.
However, because the environment is a complex and changeable factor, it can be divided into physical environment and humanistic environment, hard environment and soft environment according to different standards. University is an independent object, and at the same time it is deeply influenced by social environment and other surrounding environment. Both the physical environment and the humanistic environment are in the process of constant change and development, which are closely related to teachers' work, study and life. The influence of environmental factors on university teachers' job satisfaction is mainly discussed from two aspects: the influence of physical environmental factors and the influence of humanistic environmental factors.
1. Analysis of the influence of physical environment factors
According to the sample data, most teachers in a university are satisfied with the overall campus environment, accounting for 68.39%, and those who are very satisfied and not very satisfied are 18. 13% and 8.8 1% respectively. Only a few teachers are very dissatisfied and unclear, accounting for 4. 15% and 0.52% respectively.
This paper mainly investigates the influence of physical environment factors on college teachers' job satisfaction from the aspects of rationality of campus planning, teaching facilities, distribution of per capita teaching materials, office environment, internal layout and pattern of teachers, lighting and ventilation of classrooms, overall layout of classrooms, construction of stadiums and entertainment facilities, hygiene and food safety of restaurants, layout of teaching venues, surrounding environment of campus, campus greening construction, campus transportation facilities and services. The specific satisfaction is shown in Table 2.
As can be seen from Table 2, the physical environment factors have a great influence on the job satisfaction of college teachers. According to Richter s5 scoring method, physical environment factors make college teachers basically satisfied. Nearly 50% or even more than 50% of teachers are satisfied with every factor investigated, and less than 40% of teachers are satisfied with the hygiene and food safety of restaurants. Among them, 35.23% teachers are very satisfied with the campus greening construction.
2 Analysis of the impact of human environmental factors
In terms of humanistic environment, it mainly includes the construction of school spirit, study style, school discipline and rules, the open construction of school affairs, the communication platform between teachers and students, the academic exchange platform, the construction of campus information exchange and network, and the teaching management methods. Through data analysis, we know that the influence of humanistic environment on the job satisfaction of college teachers is higher than that of material environment. To some extent, this shows that college teachers are pursuing high-quality material environment, and their spiritual pursuit and enjoyment are also constantly improving. See Table 3 for specific satisfaction.
Because the physical environment factors have the same influence on teachers' job satisfaction, the number of people who are satisfied with the influence of humanistic environment factors on teachers' job satisfaction is the highest, and the number of people who are satisfied with the school discipline and regulations of colleges and universities is the highest, accounting for 54. 17%. Similarly, there are not a few people who feel unclear, dissatisfied or even dissatisfied.
Four. Countermeasures and suggestions
Environmental factors in universities have a positive impact on university teachers' job satisfaction, which makes teachers feel more satisfied in the process of work, study, life and scientific research. They all love this hot spot of a university, love their jobs, can better adapt to the school environment, be proactive and full of hope for the development of the school. However, due to the constraints of many objective factors, such as the lack of opportunities for information transmission and academic exchange, and the lack of scientific research funds, the work enthusiasm and job satisfaction of college teachers have been affected to some extent. Based on these objective conditions, universities should proceed from reality, according to the needs of the improvement and continuous development of school teaching level, try their best to improve the shortcomings from different aspects, try their best to meet the needs of teachers, improve the construction of teachers, stabilize the development of teachers, and thus improve teachers' job satisfaction.
1. Improve the objective environment for teachers' work
Attach importance to hardware construction, strive to improve mechanical conditions and improve the' objective environment' for teachers' work, such as creating good office conditions and a well-equipped teaching and research environment, providing teachers with rich books and materials and necessary educational information technology means to meet teachers' teaching and research needs. Specific improvement measures are:
(1) Teaching equipment for teachers. While expanding the campus area, we will continue to improve the conditions for running schools and increase modern teaching facilities when conditions permit. To realize the installation of multimedia equipment in all classrooms, to realize the modernization of teaching methods, the quality of classroom computers must be guaranteed, the memory should be large, and the configuration should be high, so that Taiwan can access the Internet. Constantly improve the construction of campus network, establish a network management center, and improve libraries and teachers' reading rooms. Accelerate the construction of teaching and experimental networks in various teaching buildings. Create a good information-based teaching environment.
(2) Teachers' office equipment. In order to further improve teachers' working environment, we should gradually transform the office, update its appearance, and equip it with telephones, air conditioners, composite floors and combined office cabinets to make the office environment humanized and comfortable. At the same time, teachers are equipped with advanced and high-quality computers, so that teachers have one computer and each computer has one network; Provide teachers with mobile hard disks and all-in-one machines, and solve the worries of teachers using computers from subtle points. Encourage all teachers to make full use of modern facilities and resources, do a good job of courseware in each class, make full use of classroom multimedia equipment, and improve teaching efficiency; Usually use the Internet to learn educational concepts, find excellent cases, and conduct academic exchanges with teachers and experts on campus networks and online teaching websites as much as possible.
2. Strengthen and improve the construction of campus network.
Strengthen the construction of computer software and hardware to realize the rapid exchange and transmission of campus information. In particular, it is necessary to continuously increase investment in software and establish the core information database model of the school. Improve the construction of campus network, build a network center, a modern educational technology resource library and a modern educational technology department in the campus, improve the teaching assistance and educational management system, and enrich the contents of educational information resource library, curriculum resource library, e-book resource library and inter-school shared resource library on the campus network, so that teachers can actively participate in all aspects of school management and decision-making through lesson preparation platform, teaching platform, educational administration, school affairs management and book management.
3. Strengthen the construction of campus humanistic environment.
Strengthen the construction of campus humanistic environment, build a harmonious campus humanistic environment, and create a campus cultural atmosphere full of humanistic atmosphere. In particular, optimize the school's professional settings, reasonably arrange the course time and content, and rationally equip teachers. Give young teachers and new teachers training and development opportunities, and give teachers more opportunities to show their abilities.
(1) Pay attention to emotional input, meet the needs of teachers in all aspects, handle the relationship between strict requirements and respect for teachers, and solve problems for teachers in all directions, such as solving the enrollment problem of teachers' children and creating conditions to improve teachers' job satisfaction. Create a relaxed cultural atmosphere, make them integrate into the school, feel the warmth of the school, promote the process of democratic management of education and promote the modernization of school management. Organize various campus activities regularly to encourage teachers to actively participate and express their wishes, feelings and beliefs to teachers.
(2) Strengthen the construction and management of campus environment. Clearly define school parking areas, increase school bus stops, standardize campus traffic order, and actively advocate teachers and students to abide by traffic rules; Strengthen the improvement of the surrounding environment of staff dormitory and teaching building, beautify the surrounding environment of campus and reduce environmental pollution; Install street lamps in school playgrounds and relatively remote places to ensure the safety of teachers and students; Set up staff canteens, or add staff windows and dining areas in university canteens to provide more convenience and services for teachers; Rectify all kinds of shops run by schools, strengthen the management of campus stalls, and maintain the image of the campus.
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