(2) Britain: checks and balances between Parliament and Cabinet. The Prime Minister of the Cabinet is responsible to the Parliament, and the Prime Minister can dissolve the Parliament and re-elect. (4 points)
America: checks and balances among Congress, the President and the Supreme Court. The three are divided into legislative power, administrative power and judicial power. Contain each other. (4 points)
Examination analysis: (1) According to what we have learned, we can directly write that the main political systems of the Western Zhou Dynasty and the Qin Dynasty are the Western Zhou Dynasty: patriarchal clan system and enfeoffment system; Qin dynasty: authoritarian centralized system. (2) The core of the second question is the power comparison of western bourgeois countries. Combined with the knowledge learned, we can directly summarize the performance of Britain and the United States in the balance of power: Britain: the balance between parliament and cabinet. The Prime Minister of the Cabinet is responsible to the Parliament, and the Prime Minister can dissolve the Parliament and re-elect; The United States: checks and balances among Congress, the President and the Supreme Court: the three are divided into legislative power, executive power and judicial power. Contain each other.
Comments: The establishment of representative system in Europe and America is the result of bourgeois revolution or reform in various countries. Its core is that the elected parliament grasps the legislative power of the country, realizes the rule of law, and restricts the administrative power according to law, thus preventing the restoration of authoritarian forces. Although there are differences in form and specific content among countries, their essence or essence is basically the same. The prominent feature of China's ancient political civilization is autocratic centralization, which is manifested in the high concentration of rights, which is essentially different from the checks and balances of decentralization in modern western countries.