1. During the quality inspection and control of partial projects and processes during the construction, supervisors must conduct daily patrol inspection of the construction operation area. The chief supervision engineer must regularly organize various professional supervisors to carry out comprehensive net-pulling patrol inspection as planned, thus forming an institutionalization.
2. The main contents of on-site patrol inspection are as follows:
(1) Whether the construction is carried out according to the design documents, construction specifications and approved construction scheme;
(2) Whether qualified materials, components and equipment are used;
(3) Whether the construction site management personnel, especially the quality inspection personnel, are in place;
(4) Whether the technical level and operating conditions of construction operators meet the requirements of process operation, and whether special operators hold relevant certificates;
(5) Whether the construction environment has adverse effects on the project quality;
(6) Whether there are quality defects in the construction site.
3. Supervisors shall truthfully record the daily patrol inspection in the supervision diary of the day, and there shall be no omissions or omissions, so as not to cause serious quality problems or quality hidden dangers. Photographs, photography and other means should be used for recording.
4. In addition to making records, the discovered engineering quality or construction safety problems shall be notified by the supervision engineer to the construction unit in time, and the construction unit shall sign for processing and reply. The important issues should also be copied to the construction unit.
5. Deal with the detected important problems in accordance with relevant regulations, track and monitor them, and record them for the record.
parallel test
Parallel inspection refers to the engineering quality inspection activities independently carried out by supervisors in a certain proportion by using certain inspection or detection means on the basis of self-inspection by the construction unit. Parallel inspection embodies the independence of engineering supervision and the scientific nature of work, and is also the requirement of management specialization.
1. The inspection, test and reinspection of materials, components and equipment on the construction site shall be carried out according to the sampling scheme specified in the construction quality acceptance specifications of various disciplines and the way agreed in the contract, and a report shall be prepared according to the test site and data, which shall be included in the supervision file.
2. The inspection and test of the inspection lot of subdivisional work should be based on the contents and standards of construction quality acceptance specifications of various disciplines, and the necessary parallel inspection should be carried out on all aspects of project quality control, and recorded in the supervision file. The sampling number of inspection lots shall not be less than 20% of the total number of inspection lots of this sub-project
3. Inspection and sampling of structural safety and function of divisional and unit projects, inspection and evaluation of engineering visual quality, etc. Should be in accordance with the "unified standards for construction quality acceptance of building projects" and the requirements agreed in the contract. The test results are recorded and filed in the supervision file.
4. The acceptance of concealed works shall be carried out in accordance with the relevant construction drawings and the relevant provisions of the construction quality acceptance specifications of various professions, and recorded according to the facts, and classified into supervision files.
5. If the parallel inspection finds unqualified engineering parts, the supervisor shall not review and sign the quality control data of the corresponding engineering parts of the construction unit, and notify the construction unit not to continue the construction of the next working procedure.
6. Supervisors must sign the parallel inspection records and be responsible for their authenticity.
Further reading: supervision engineer's thesis
Construction project supervision refers to a professional service activity in which a qualified engineering supervision enterprise accepts the entrustment of the construction unit, manages its project on behalf of the construction unit and supervises the construction behavior. Supervision plays a very important role in the quality of building construction. With supervision in place, the quality of building construction can be improved. Therefore, as an engineering supervision engineer, how to do a good job in supervision and control the quality is particularly important.
Engineering construction supervision; Engineering quality; Advance control; Control of this matter; Ex post facto control
Quality is the reflection of all aspects of engineering construction. In the process of construction, only by strictly controlling all the factors that determine and affect the quality of the project, strictly following the construction procedures and construction specifications, can the quality of the project be guaranteed to reach the predetermined goal. In view of the present situation that the entrusted supervision stage of engineering construction in China is mainly concentrated in the construction stage, combined with the engineering supervision practice, the supervision quality control in the construction stage is expounded in detail from three aspects: pre-control, in-process control and post-control.
First, the quality control before construction
Pre-control is the basis of process control, the premise and guarantee of achieving quality control objectives, and the key work of project supervision department to carry out supervision. Therefore, it is urgent to do a good job of pre-control and eliminate quality problems in the bud. So, as a supervisor, what aspects should we control? The following are some control points about ex ante control that I summarized in my practical work:
1 person
People are the implementers of project construction, and the formation of project entity quality is established with the joint efforts of various organizers, commanders, operators and supervision engineers. Human factor is the primary factor to determine the quality of the project, which determines several other factors. People's quality, management level, technology and operation level will ultimately affect the quality of engineering entities. Therefore. The supervision engineer must review the management level, technical and operational level of the personnel of the winning construction unit and the technical qualifications of the special operators, so as to prevent the occurrence of unlicensed operations.
2. Materials
Material is the basic unit of engineering entity, and the quality of basic unit constitutes the quality of engineering entity. The quality of each unit material should meet the requirements of design and specification, so that the quality of engineering entities can be fully guaranteed. Therefore, it is very important to control the materials in advance, and the supervision engineer should urge the construction unit to establish and improve the material control system and establish the detailed rules for material supervision and control organized by the supervision project. We must fully understand the quality standards, performance and application scope of materials, review the supplier qualifications of raw materials, finished products and semi-finished products, such as business licenses and production (operation) licenses, etc. When necessary, go to the factory for on-site inspection, conduct inspection and witness sampling of raw materials, finished products and semi-finished products according to relevant regulations, send them for inspection or unpacking inspection, and carefully review whether the certificate and test report of materials meet the design and specification requirements, so as to prevent unqualified materials from being used in projects.
3, the blue prints.the design
Construction drawing is the direct basis of engineering construction. Therefore, the joint review of drawings is an important technical measure for quality control in advance. The person in charge of the project shall assist the construction unit and organize the construction unit and the design unit to carry out the blue prints.the design. First, the design unit introduces the design intention, structural characteristics, construction requirements, technical measures and related matters needing attention, and then the construction unit puts forward the problems and requirements in the drawings, so that the personnel of all units involved in the construction have the same thinking and avoid mistakes in the construction to the maximum extent.
4, the construction organization design
Construction organization design is the guiding program document of engineering construction. The quality of construction organization design will directly affect the quality, progress and investment of the project. The main contents of construction organization design include: engineering characteristics, construction deployment and scheme; Seasonal construction technology, etc. Each content has an impact on the quality of the project. When reviewing the construction organization design, the supervision engineer should analyze whether the relationship between construction period, cost and quality is reasonable, whether there are quality pre-control measures and technical measures for common quality defects, whether the construction deployment and scheme can meet the quality requirements of engineering entities, whether the measures taken in seasonal construction are reasonable, and whether new technologies, new processes and new materials can meet the design and specification requirements. In a word, the supervision engineer must strictly review the construction organization design to ensure that there are reliable technical and organizational measures to ensure the project quality.
5, supervision planning
Supervision planning is a comprehensive and systematic organization and arrangement for supervision institutions to carry out supervision work, and it is a programmatic document to guide supervision work. Including the scope and basis of supervision work, the content and objectives of supervision work, the procedures of supervision work, the organizational form and staffing of supervision institutions, the methods and measures of supervision work and the supervision system. Therefore, the supervision engineer should make the supervision plan according to the characteristics and requirements of the project, and make it operable and instructive. In supervision planning, we should determine the work objectives of supervision institutions, establish supervision work systems, procedures, methods and measures, what work supervision institutions should do in project supervision implementation, who will do these work, when and where, and how to do these work well. Only in this way can the work of the supervision organization be based and the project quality control can achieve the expected goal.
Second, the quality control in the process of construction
Process control is the key supervision work of the project supervision department. Process control requires strict inspection, timely feedback and timely rectification. Therefore, the long process control time, many types of work, many interferences and great difficulties are the main body of supervision work. Therefore, the quality control in the construction process should do the following:
1, construction process quality control
Construction technology is the operation process of single project construction in subdivisional work. Before each working procedure, the supervision engineer should urge the technical personnel of the construction unit to make technical disclosure to their work teams, which should meet the requirements of current construction technical standards and construction acceptance specifications. In the process of process construction, the supervision engineer should immediately check and spot check to ensure that the construction technology and process quality meet the requirements of technical disclosure. The supervision engineer should stand by and watch the construction of key parts.
2, subentry (hidden) engineering inspection and acceptance
After the completion of the sub-item (concealed) project, the construction unit shall fill in the sub-item (concealed) project inspection form after passing the self-inspection, full-time inspection and initial inspection, and submit it to the on-site supervision engineer for inspection and acceptance. After passing the examination, issue the approval letter for sub-project inspection.
3, exercise the right of quality inspection, shutdown instructions.
In order to ensure the engineering quality, under the following circumstances, the supervision engineer has the right to instruct the construction unit to stop work immediately for rectification.
(1) Operators who carry out the next working procedure without inspection;
(2) After the decline of project quality is pointed out, the operator fails to take effective corrective measures or take certain measures to continue the operation, but the effect is not good;
(3) using materials without approval or approval;
(four) to change the requirements of design drawings without authorization;
4. Establish a quality supervision log, and the on-site quality supervision engineer shall record the dynamic situation and influencing factors of the project quality every day.
5. Take each subdivisional work as the object, focus on its quality control points, comprehensively and completely control the construction process of subdivisional work, and ensure the quality of subdivisional work as the basis of unit project quality.
6, the key parts to seriously implement the on-site supervision system, at any time to find and correct the wrong practices in the construction, to ensure the engineering quality;
Third, quality control afterwards.
Post-event control of engineering quality refers to the way to put forward control measures and implement control in the next round of construction activities according to the analysis and comparison between the current construction results and the planned objectives. The following points are necessary for the supervision of the project supervision department.
1. After each subdivisional work is completed, the next working procedure can only be started after the contractor's self-inspection and the supervision engineer's inspection. Supervise and urge the contractor to rectify the sub-projects that fail to meet the predetermined quality objectives;
2, in strict accordance with the inspection lot, disciplines, division (sub-division) project quality acceptance and quality evaluation, the quality defects or major quality hazards existing in the construction, through the chief supervision engineer in a timely manner to issue a project suspension order, requiring the construction unit to stop work for rectification, and cooperate with relevant units to put forward solutions and deal with problems in a timely manner, so as to ensure the project quality without affecting the project progress and avoid unnecessary economic losses;
3, timely find problems, such as leakage after rain, wall cracks, etc. Once it happens, it will affect the perception and use function. We should find out the reasons in the materials, design, construction, management and construction units, formulate a special plan, report it to the director for approval, and carry out rectification;
4, urge the contractor to do a good job of filing technical data, to prepare for the preparation of complete and qualified completion technical data.
5. Participate in the initial completion inspection of the unit project and evaluate the quality of the project.
Four. conclusion
The construction of engineering project is a complex and huge system engineering, and the factors affecting the engineering quality run through the whole construction process. Therefore, the supervision engineer should attach great importance to controlling all kinds of factors affecting the project quality, use solid theoretical knowledge and rich practical experience to eliminate the influencing factors as much as possible, provide the best management for the project construction and create qualified building products for the society.