How to write nursing graduation thesis regularly?

First, scientific research papers

1. Title requirements

(1) is consistent with the content and can summarize the theme of the paper.

(2) accurate, concise and clear

(3) Not too long, generally no more than 20 Chinese characters.

(4) Generally, punctuation is not added.

(5) Don't use abbreviations unfamiliar to peers or foreign language abbreviations.

Generally speaking, the topic should express the object, method, problem and related restrictions.

Title example

Research (method) on the evaluation of inpatients' satisfaction (problems) with nursing service (limited conditions)

Analysis of safety problems (problems) and countermeasures (methods) of ophthalmic patients (objects) during hospitalization (limited conditions)

Study on the current situation of nurses' understanding (problems) of life nursing (limited conditions) (methods)

2. Summary

Abstract refers to the abstract of the article, which summarizes the purpose, method, result and conclusion of this study with the most concise words.

Matters needing attention in writing abstract:

(1) The purpose, methods, results and conclusions should be clearly written.

(2) independent chapters, regardless of paragraphs.

(3) Don't list charts or tables.

(4) No reference.

⑤ Try not to use abbreviations.

6. It is advisable to write about 200 words.

(1) periodical: author, title, magazine name, year, volume (issue): start page-stop page. (If there are more than three authors, only write the first three, followed by the word "etc.")

Case 1 Liu ruofang, Wang sujia, Li Airong, et al. Observation on the effect of glutaraldehyde combined with ultraviolet rays on air in operating room. Journal of Nursing, 2002, 17(4): 248-250.

(2) Books: editor's name, title and edition. Place of publication: publishing house, year. Page by page.

Wu Lijun. Nurses must read. First edition. Beijing: People's Health Publishing House, 2007. 56-60.

3. Description format of references

Fifth, the writing method of the main body of the paper.

Four-paragraph writing:

Introduction (introduction)

Materials and methods.

Result (result)

Discussion (discussion)

(1) Preface

Preface, also known as introduction, mainly describes the research background and the expected purpose of the research-stating the problem.

To state the problem is to introduce the basis of selecting the topic, the importance and hypothesis of the research work.

The preface should not be too long, nor should it be self-evaluated. It should be described by words such as domestic initiative and fill in the blanks. Just point out the theme.

Example 1. Discussion on waiting time of iodine and disinfection effect

When using the conventional disinfection method, it is required to wait for 20 seconds after applying iodine to give full play to the bactericidal effect of iodine, and then carry out alcohol deiodination. But in clinical work, nurses often wait less than 20 seconds after applying iodine. By comparing the disinfection effects of the two methods, this paper discusses whether the time of deiodification can be saved in practical work.

Example 2: "Observation and Analysis of Preoperative Stress Reaction of Inpatients"

foreword

Surgical treatment is both hope and fear for patients. Although the patient has made psychological preparation before admission, there will still be a strong stress reaction before the operation is about to be carried out, which will affect the operation and postoperative recovery (background). Therefore, the study of patients' preoperative stress response is helpful to prevent and treat psychosomatic diseases, obtain patients' cooperation before, during and after operation, and reduce complications (significance). In this paper, the preoperative stress response of 52 inpatients was observed and analyzed.

(2) Materials and methods

It should be described in detail, because it is an important step to obtain research results and demonstration basis, and it is also the main basis to judge the scientific and advanced nature of the paper.

The contents include the conditions of the research object, sampling methods, observation indicators, research steps, places for collecting data, selected scales and instruments, reliability of research tools, data sorting and statistical processing methods, etc.

Objective To make readers understand the specific content of the research and evaluate and verify the research results.

Example 2- Materials and Methods Section

(1) Observed cases:

All 52 patients were hospitalized due to oral, eye or otolaryngology diseases, including 28 males and 24 females, aged 65 438 04 ~ 66 years.

(2) Observation items:

When the patient was admitted to the hospital, he was informed of the operation (preoperative 1 day), and his blood pressure and pulse were measured at night before operation, 30min minutes before operation (no preoperative drugs were injected) and 7 or 10 days after operation.

Example 2- Materials and Methods (continued)

(3) Survey scale: The self-rating anxiety scale compiled by Zung was used to make a retrospective survey of each postoperative patient to evaluate the degree of preoperative anxiety. Time limit is added for each symptom in the table, and the scoring method is 1 ~ 4.

1. 1 for people who have never felt the corresponding feeling after receiving the operation notice;

2. 2 points will be deducted for those who feel corresponding and disappear quickly after receiving the operation notice;

3. After receiving the notice, the symptoms cannot disappear to 3 points within one day;

4. 4 points will be deducted for those who have corresponding feelings before operation.

(iii) Results

The results are the core of the paper, including observed phenomena and collected data, which are reported after sorting out and necessary statistical processing.

It can be described in words, and the results can also be displayed in statistical charts or tables.

A paper should not have too many charts and tables, and it is not necessary to list anything that can be explained in words, let alone repeat text descriptions and column diagrams, and be as concise as possible.

Describe the results in a logical order without making any evaluation.

Example 2- Results

(1) Comparison of preoperative stress response of patients of different sexes: The preoperative stress response of women is stronger than that of men, which is mainly manifested in the change ratio of blood pressure and pulse from 30 minutes before operation to admission. Proportion of male patients (systolic blood pressure test P

(4) Discussion and analysis

Discussion is to expound, reason and evaluate various phenomena, data and materials of the research results, and make rational analysis and explanation, such as pointing out the significance of the results and the internal relationship between things, whether the research results confirm or deny the relevant assumptions, and at the same time, put forward my own opinions and explore the future research direction and ideas.

The discussion part is the essence and core content of the paper. It should be noted that writing must be closely related to the results of this paper, and the analysis process should be combined with theory. We can compare the similarities and differences between the research results and related literature reports, analyze them from different angles, put forward new opinions and enrich the author's arguments.

Conclusion-write carefully

The conclusion is a new argument summarized from the research results. Be cautious in general. We often can't draw a conclusion quickly through one or several studies, and we can only confirm it after repeated times. Therefore, it is best not to list a conclusion, but to combine discussion and analysis.

Example 2- Discussion and Analysis

Because surgical treatment will cause trauma to the body, even modern technology has basically met the requirements of painless surgery and greatly improved the safety in surgery, but people still think that surgical treatment is a very terrible thing, especially in the short period before the operation, this fear can reach the extreme. As early as 1926, cannon clearly pointed out that psychological factors can affect blood pressure and heart rate. According to modern stress theory, when people are in a critical state, the neuroendocrine system will release catecholamines, which will lead to changes in blood pressure and heart rate, which is an adaptive response of the body. Among all kinds of stress, the stimulation of life events is particularly important, and the stress reaction caused by production changes in the body is more important and serious than other reactions. A specific time scale is very important in life events.

Example 2- Discussion and Analysis (continued)

In this paper, blood pressure and pulse were used to observe the stress response of inpatients before operation (24 hours before operation). The research shows that the preoperative blood pressure and pulse fluctuate greatly, and there is a "double peak" phenomenon, that is, when the patient receives the operation notice and 30 minutes before operation, especially the latter changes more significantly. The same stress factor has different reactions to different individuals, which is related to their genetic quality, personality characteristics and social environment. The results of this study are as follows.

Example 2- Discussion and Analysis (continued)

This paper quotes Zung's self-rating anxiety scale to evaluate the preoperative anxiety level of patients. The results show that the degree of preoperative stress response of patients is closely related to mental factors. Excessive tension, fear and anxiety will greatly enhance the intensity of stressors, which will lead to a stronger stress response. Therefore, it is suggested to strengthen the psychological care of patients before operation and give full play to the buffering role of social support system. This can reduce the intensity of surgical stressors, reduce patients' fear and anxiety about surgery, facilitate patients' cooperation before, during and after surgery, reduce postoperative complications and promote the early recovery of the body. "

Second, case analysis writing

Generally including title, author's signature, abstract, keywords, etc.

The text writing format includes: preface; Patients evaluate and ask research questions; Nursing effect; Evaluate the effect; References.

The difference between case papers and research papers

The difference between case study papers and scientific research papers lies in the introduction of cases.

Third, the summary of writing methods

Retrieve and read relevant literature, summarize and sort out the retrieved literature, and write a literature review report. The main contents of the report generally include:

① General situation of current research;

② Problems existing in previous studies;

Conclusions and solutions.

Summarize the methods of text writing.

The basis of topic selection and the purpose of summary.

Central part: according to the collected data, it is summarized into several questions, and the research situation is described in sections.

Summary: A brief summary of the main contents should echo the preface. Mainly put forward their own views and opinions on mainstream issues, existing problems and future research directions. Use the right words.

Fourth, the paper writing skills

A good paper should not only be innovative, scientific and practical in content, but also pay attention to the fluency of words, grammar and rhetoric and the avoidance of typos, because these aspects also reflect the author's rigorous scientific attitude.

Fifth, write a case discussion

Practice and effect evaluation of continuous improvement of service quality (before and after comparison)

Implementation of Total Process Management in Ward Management (Implementation Summary)

Investigation and countermeasures on the allocation of nursing human resources (investigation and analysis)

1 treatment and nursing experience of patients with amniotic fluid embolism (case study)

Research progress of dressing change methods for bedsore

Six, graduation thesis writing requirements

Opening report (download, fill it out by yourself, and mail it to the thesis supervisor's mailbox)

The first draft of the paper (the teacher will conduct research in the opening report, collect information, and write the first draft after approving the topic. Download the paper guidance record form and send it to the instructor's mailbox. )

Final draft of the paper: after the revision is completed according to the teacher's revision opinions, write and print the final draft, attach the cover and give it to the class teacher.

Seven, about the dissertation.

Fill in the application form for degree thesis

Print the paper cover and bind it together.

It can be the same as a graduation thesis. Bind a copy with the cover of graduation thesis and degree thesis.

Applying for a degree should be carried out simultaneously with applying for graduation. You cannot apply for a degree after graduation.

After the dissertation is passed, if it does not meet the requirements for applying for a degree, it can be retained for use.

Eight, the paper writing format-practice manual

The graduation thesis is finalized in printed form, and the requirements are:

Print on A4 paper;

The main title of the paper is centered in bold;

Subtitle 4 is centered in bold;

The fourth title in the paper is bold;