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In recent years, the number of domestic dogs and cats has increased, and many newspapers and periodicals have warned the general public that cats and dogs can cause toxoplasmosis and cause terrible fetal malformation. Although this is necessary, it is a pity that many articles are inaccurate and exaggerated, pursuing sensational effects, causing unnecessary panic and leading to many small animals being abandoned. In this article, pet owners ask several common questions and give their answers.
1。 Toxoplasmosis?
Toxoplasma gondii is a parasitic infection of Toxoplasma gondii. Toxoplasma infection is very common all over the world. About 16 to 40% of adults are in the United States and Britain. Once infected, some surveys show that as many as 70% adults in continental Europe and Latin America, and 50% to 80% to 90% French people have been infected. From 1985 to 90 23 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions, most of them are 10%, which is obviously lower than that of foreign countries.
Normally infected Toxoplasma gondii has no symptoms, or the symptoms are very mild. When the infection is unknown, there are only a few initial infections (called primary infections), such as fever, lymphadenopathy, headache, muscle and joint pain and abdominal pain. After a few days or weeks, the human body produces immunity and the symptoms disappear, but the cysts formed in the body usually heal themselves for months, years or longer. However, serious immune deficiency, such as AIDS patients, Toxoplasma infection is very serious. Infection can be transmitted to the fetus of pregnant women, which may have serious consequences.
2。 Toxoplasma gondii How does it spread?
First, eat undercooked meat, especially pigs and sheep. Almost all mammals and birds, such as rats, pigs, sheep, cows, rabbits, chickens, ducks, geese and so on. , can be infected with Toxoplasma gondii, high infection rate. People are the main source of infection of the meat of these animals. For example, the temperature of the hot pot is not enough or too short, and Toxoplasma gondii is not killed, which is a risk of infection. Contamination of raw meat or chopping boards can also be infected. Contaminated sheep and milk may also be contagious. Reduce the infection rate of Toxoplasma gondii in China, and get used to cooked meat with China people.
Toxoplasma gondii in dogs can also spread, but their feces and excreta are not contagious, and they will not be contagious if they don't eat dog meat. Some people say that "the close relationship with human beings is an important source of infection for human life. According to the child's mental retardation, congenital heart disease, or an extra finger, you can blame the domestic dog. This is groundless. "
Infected cat droppings are an important source of infection. Cats, cats are the ultimate hosts of Toxoplasma gondii. Feces excreted by cats infected with Toxoplasma zygotes usually last for 1-20 weeks, during which infection is rare. Surveys around the world show that about 1% of cat feces contain Toxoplasma zygote. The cat excrement of zygote for 2 to 5 days is contagious outside, so it is very important to deal with it. The water of zygote can survive for several months or even longer in wet soil, so food, drinking water and even dust contaminated by cat manure will be contagious if people eat it. In this area, cats are an important source of infection for fully cooked meat. However, many other animals can also spread as intermediate hosts. For example, there are many pastures, some cats, and many cattle and sheep are infected; There are no cats on some islands in the world, and the infection rate of residents on the islands is still very high. Therefore, an important human parasite infection rate of livestock: as an intermediate host, infected cat feces pollution is not the source of eating immature meat.
Toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnant women can be transmitted to the fetus, causing congenital infection, which may have serious consequences, so it is very important. However, only pregnant women who are not infected with Toxoplasma gondii before pregnancy can the initial (primary) infection be transmitted to the fetus during pregnancy. If a pregnant woman is infected with Toxoplasma gondii before pregnancy, it is no longer a risk of infection.
3。 Is congenital Toxoplasma gondii infection a risk to the fetus?
If there is congenital infection in the first three months of pregnancy, about 40% of the fetus may have serious injury, miscarriage, stillbirth or neonatal diseases, or eyes after birth. ...