First of all, briefly introduce Su Shi.
Zi Zizhan, also known as He Zhong, was born in Meishan, Meizhou (now Meishan City, Sichuan Province) in the Northern Song Dynasty. His works represent the highest literary achievement in the Song Dynasty. His works have a wide range of themes, are fresh and healthy, are good at using exaggerated metaphors and have a unique style. They are also called "Su San" and "Su Huang" with their father Su Xun and brother Huang Tingjian. Xin Qiji is the representative of the unconstrained style, also known as "Su Xin". He is the author of Seven Episodes of Dongpo, Yi Zhuan of Dongpo and Yuefu of Dongpo. Su Shi has experienced ups and downs in his life. Because he insisted on his opinions in many political struggles in the Northern Song Dynasty, he was demoted many times. He once lived in Huangzhou, Huiyang and Danzhou. Despite such twists and turns, it is difficult to find a melancholy and pessimistic sigh in Su Shi's literary works, but it shows a laissez-faire spirit and a free and unrestrained style. Why did Su Shi have such an attitude towards life, and what kind of life adversity did Su Shi experience? By analyzing Su Shi's broad-minded attitude towards life in adversity, we can better understand the dull part of China literati spirit.
Second, Su Shi's attitude towards life
Although Su Shi's solution to life's worries was extremely smooth and thorough, it did not lead him to nothingness and negativity, and actively joining the WTO remained his dominant tendency in life. Su Shi's attitude towards life is manifested in the following four aspects:
(a) not afraid of power, regardless of interests, with a strong sense of social responsibility to participate in politics.
When Su Shi was a teenager, he actively paid attention to the social customs and political measures in the Northern Song Dynasty and was deeply worried about the poverty and weakness that gradually formed in the Northern Song Dynasty. In his early years, he submitted 25 suggestions to the court and expressed his political thoughts. When Ren Fengxiang's government signed the verdict, it also wrote papers such as Thinking and Governance Theory, and proposed that the only way to change the reality of poverty and weakness is to innovate bad politics. Show concern for national affairs and forge ahead as a politician. In the early years of Zongshen, Wang Anshi promoted political reform, and Su Shi wrote an article against it. Therefore, it is not allowed by the new party to serve as a local official. However, this setback did not make Su Shi converge. After Sima Guang came to power in the first year of Yuanyou, Su Shi was transferred to Beijing as a Sheren and a bachelor of Hanlin. Coupled with his personal relationship with Sima Guang, he will naturally have a successful career in the future. However, in the first month, he gave up his family who was in the middle school, and in February, he argued with Sima Guang about the interests of the service law, which caused Sima Guang's displeasure. He was excused in March, 10 was impeached by Zhu Guangting and convicted again. Therefore, in the years of political struggle and power struggle, Su Shi has been playing a strange role. No matter whether the old party or the new party came to power, he did not please. But it is here that a basic aspect of his humanity is reflected. That is to say, in his life, no matter whether his views are correct or not, he always dares to stick to his own opinions, refuses to be a smooth bureaucrat, does not blindly follow, does not practice favoritism, and always maintains the spirit of distinguishing between black and white and what he looks like. As a scholar-bureaucrat with social responsibility, he has a firm and persistent personality.
(2) Caring for the sufferings of the people and striving to promote the advantages and eliminate the disadvantages.
As the core of China's traditional culture, Confucianism is one of its main humanistic spirits. Confucius said, "A gentleman worries about Tao but not poverty". This positive character of caring for Tao and joining WTO has carried forward the spirit of caring for the country and the people, and is integrated with benevolence. Su Shi inherited this traditional heart of caring for the country and the people, but it grew bigger and bigger, and his people's hearts became wider and deeper. It is based on this kind of people's feelings that Su Shi gave full reflection and deep sympathy to the people's painful life under natural disasters and political abuse. What's more commendable is that during his more than 20 years as a local official, he has always done good things for the people, served as an official and benefited one party, regardless of good times or bad times. In Hangzhou, lead the people to control locust plagues and floods. In Mizhou, he opened a warehouse to release grain, adopted abandoned children and submitted them to the court to plead for the people. In Xuzhou, iron bars were opened to treat sick prisoners. When the Yellow River burst, he personally guarded the city gate and vowed to live and die with Xuzhou City and the people ... Su Shi did many good things for people everywhere in his life and won the love of the people. Many people in Hangzhou have a portrait of Su Shi in their homes. They pay homage to him every day and feel his merits.
Third, Su Shi's broad-minded spirit in adversity.
The broad-minded attitude towards life is the optimistic expression of China literati in the face of difficulties. Scholars of all ages have broad-minded representatives, such as Ruan Ji's dissolute behavior, Li Bai's brilliant arrogance, Ouyang Xiu's game enjoyment and so on. Therefore, broadmindedness is not unique to Su Shi, but it is essentially different from other literati. Su Shi's broad-mindedness has not been transferred to other places because of his poor official career, but he has maintained a positive and enterprising attitude for a long time and has never given up his ideal of saving the world, which can be seen from his establishment of a school in Danzhou. Su Shi can organically combine broad-mindedness with active participation in the WTO, which is inseparable from his ideological composition. Su Shi's thoughts include Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, which can be integrated. Su Shi received a good Confucian education since he was a child, and made a lifelong ambition to help the world. Although he can be broad-minded in the face of the trough, he may have regrets. Your kindness has not been reported, and your ambition has not been reported. "The world has many thoughts and shrunk its hands, and the Lord has returned to the field without shame." But Confucianism also advocates that poverty is the only way to be immune. It is not difficult to understand why Su Shi repeatedly asked to leave Beijing to stay away from the political whirlpool. Loyalty and self-improvement advocated by Confucianism is also one of the beliefs that support Su Shi's ups and downs. He was always ready to join the WTO at low tide. He never really retired, back in the game. "You can hide it on me when you use it. Why not have a look at it at leisure?" He was healthy, but he 10 died. He was in the top three. "
Four. Concluding remarks
Su Shi not only left many literary works to future generations, but also left an open-minded attitude towards life, which is a valuable spiritual wealth. With this broad-minded attitude towards life, we can truly get rid of the disturbance of the secular world, gain a kind of spiritual freedom, better understand the reality and do things with a positive and optimistic attitude, which is exactly where Su Shi's thoughts shine in this world.