1 fiction

Fiction, the so-called fabrication, mainly draws a result according to one's own subjective imagination, rather than through experiments and investigations. In addition, it is disrespectful to know the scientific and experimental results now, and fabricate arguments to support the correctness of a theory according to personal ideas. For example, in the case introduced, the Han Chunyu team voluntarily withdrew the manuscript because the scientific research community could not repeat its experimental results.

Step 2 tamper with

The main form of tampering is to modify the original experimental data according to one's own expectations regardless of the experimental results. For example, in physics experiments, people modify the experimental results at will according to the theoretical values, but they don't respect the real results of the experiments.

Step 3 plagiarize

Plagiarism mainly refers to the act of copying other people's scientific research achievements and publishing them in their own name. It is usually manifested by quoting other people's academic thoughts and opinions that beat Meng Qiao without indicating the source. Of course, in the identification of plagiarism, it is difficult to distinguish plagiarism from reasonable citation, and some plagiarists often use "reasonable citation" as an excuse for plagiarism.

The harm of academic fraud;

1, academic fraud causes the loss of educational and scientific research resources.

Some scholars will try their best to forge their own scientific research projects in order to obtain national and local scientific research funds, without any breakthrough. Their purpose is to successfully apply for a successful scientific research award, but this will lead to a serious waste of education and resources.

2. Academic counterfeiters have low moral quality.

Academic fraud is to copy other people's achievements and get something for nothing. It shows that the low quality of plagiarists not only brings negative influence in academic circles, but also causes the integrity problem of social morality based on academic fraud. With the widespread development of fraud, there will be many immoral behaviors.

3. It is not conducive to the healthy development of academic circles.

Paper fraud will cause bad social atmosphere, affect many people's serious attitude towards paper writing, and also cause academic instability, and may cause all kinds of fraud phenomena, which will seriously affect the healthy development of academic circles. Therefore, writing a paper must be serious, improve originality and put an end to false academic misconduct.